1,720,992 research outputs found
Ridge split and implants placement in Kennedy's class I : comparison of two surgical technique.
No full textCharacterization and morphological methods for oral biofilm visualization: where are we nowadays?
No full textThe oral microbiome represents an essential component of the oral ecosystem whose symbiotic relationship contributes to health maintenance. The biofilm represents a state of living of microorganisms surrounding themselves with a complex and tridimensional organized polymeric support and defense matrix. The substrates where the oral biofilm adhere can suffer from damages due to the microbial community metabolisms. Therefore, microbial biofilm represents the main etiological factor of the two pathologies of dental interest with the highest incidence, such as carious pathology and periodontal pathology. The study, analysis, and understanding of the characteristics of the biofilm, starting from the macroscopic structure up to the microscopic architecture, appear essential. This review examined the morphological methods used through the years to identify species, adhesion mechanisms that contribute to biofilm formation and stability, and how the action of microbicidal molecules is effective against pathological biofilm. Microscopy is the primary technique for the morphological characterization of biofilm. Light microscopy, which includes the stereomicroscope and confocal laser microscopy (CLSM), allows the visualization of microbial communities in their natural state, providing valuable information on the spatial arrangement of different microorganisms within the biofilm and revealing microbial diversity in the biofilm matrix. The stereomicroscope provides a three-dimensional view of the sample, allowing detailed observation of the structure, thickness, morphology, and distribution of the various species in the biofilm while CLSM provides information on its three-dimensional architecture, microbial composition, and dynamic development. Electron microscopy, scanning (SEM) or transmission (TEM), allows the high-resolution investigation of the architecture of the biofilm, analyzing the bacterial population, the extracellular polymeric matrix (EPS), and the mechanisms of the physical and chemical forces that contribute to the adhesion of the biofilm to the substrates, on a nanometric scale. More advanced microscopic methodologies, such as scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM), and correlative microscopy, have enabled the evaluation of antibacterial treatments, due to the potential to reveal the efficacy of different molecules in breaking down the biofilm. In conclusion, evidence based on scientific literature shows that established microscopic methods represent the most common tools used to characterize biofilm and its morphology in oral microbiology. Further protocols and studies on the application of advanced microscopic techniques are needed to obtain precise details on the microbiological and pathological aspects of oral biofilm
SELF-BONE GRAFT AND SIMULTANEOUS APPLICATION OF IMPLANTS IN THE UPPER JAWBONE. (FIT LOCK TECHNIQUE)
No full textEvaluation of occlusal plane in TMJ disorders
No full textNell'insorgenza dei disordini temporomandibolari l'occlusione è, tra i fattori eziologici, quello maggiormente chiamato in causa. Tuttavia, nonostante i numerosi studi a riguardo, continuano continuoano ad esisteri notevoli controversie. Lo scopo di questo lavoro è quello di valutare l'inclinazione del piano occlusale in soggetti affetti da disordini temporo mandibolari. Lo studio è stato effettuato attraverso una analisi cefalometrica su un capione di 50 pazienti affetti da disfunzione temporomandibolare diagnosticata con codificati dati clinici e strumentali adoperati secondo i protocolli validati. Tale campione è stato confrontato con un gruppo controllo composto da 25 soggetti asintomatici che presentavano gli stessi parametri di accettazione del gruppo di studio. L'analisi dei dati estrapolati dalla valutazione cefalometrica del campione in esame consente di effetuare le seguenti considerazioni: non si sono dimostrate correlazioni tra DTM e tipologia scletrica di malocclusione, nel campione sono ugualmente rappresentati normo ed ipo divergenti mentre sono assenti iperdivergenti, l'unico elemento rilevante è rappresentato dalla presenza del piano occlusale inclinato verso il basso. La netta predominanza di quest'ultimo dato consente di ipotizzare una possibile correlazione tra l'inclinazione del piano occlusale e i DTM
“All on short” prosthetic-implant supported rehabilitations
No full textObjectives. Short implants are increasing their popularity among clinicians who want to fulfill the constant demanding of fixed prosthetic solutions in edentulous jaws. The aim of this report was to propose a new possibility to project and realize an occlusal guided implant cross-arch prosthesis supported by ultra-short implants, describing it presented an edentulous mandible case report. Methods. A 61-year-old, Caucasian, female patient who attended the dental clinic of the University of L’Aquila presented with edentulous posterior inferior jaw and periodontitis and periimplantitis processes in the anterior mandible. The remaining tooth and the affected implant were removed. Six 4-mm-long implants were placed to support a cross-arch metal-resin prosthesis. Results. At 1-year follow-up clinical and radiological assessment showed a good osseointegration of the fixtures and the patient was satisfied with the prosthesis solution. Conclusion. The method, even if it requires further validation, seems to be a valid aid in solving lower edentulous clinical cases, and appears less complex and with more indications of other proposals presented in the current clinical literature. Our case report differs from the current technique All-on-Four, which uses four implants in the mandible to support overdenture prosthesis, assuring a very promising clinical result
Soft tissue augmentation by means of silicon expanders prior to bone volume increase: a case series
No full textIn guided bone regeneration (GBR) interventions, the incorrect manipulation of the soft tissues may lead to exposure of graft due to insufficient amount of tissue needed for a free-tension flap closure. The aim of this investigation was to evaluate the clinical and radiographical effectiveness of soft tissue augmentation in aesthetic areas. A total of 6 patients were treated in the Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, University "G. D'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, with a radiographical follow-up at 1 year from the loading. At the follow up, no soft tissue dehiscence was observed This study presented an innovative approach for soft tissue augmentation prior to bone regeneration in aesthetic areas. Augmentation of soft tissue with a silicon expander device before bone regeneration is a simple technique and also allows to obtain greater bone tissue in selective cases
Ultrashort Implants, Alternative Prosthetic Rehabilitation in Mandibular Atrophies in Fragile Subjects: A Retrospective Study
Full text linkThis study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of using ultrashort implants in the rehabilitation of jaws of fragile patients. The aim of the study was to retrospectively evaluate the survival rate of full-arch prosthetic rehabilitation on ultrashort implants, length 4 mm, 4 mm in diameter in the premolar and canine area and 4.5 mm in diameter in the molar area, with the insertion torque of 60 Nw and immediate loading. Nineteen patients were evaluated for 3 years clinically and radiographically. The significant majority of the patients at the 3 year follow-up (T4) presented a stable and functional implant-supported prothesis, and the survival rate of the implants was 85%, with a loss of 16 implants on 114 implants. The combination of the innovative implant surfaces and the correct project of the prostheses, with the related implant connection, determined a different timing in the therapy, allowing to obtain an immediate loading, which is currently demanded by patients. This and recent reports on short and ultrashort implant usage in atrophic jaws offer a good solution in critical cases. In conclusion, within the limits of the study, the full-arch rehabilitation with immediate loading on ultrashort implants showed good results with few postoperative complications and related low biological cost
Unilateral deep brain stimulation of the pedunculopontine tegmental nucleus improves oromotor movements in Parkinson’s disease
No full textBackground: Jaw movements are severely affected in Parkinson’s disease. Deep brain stimulation (DBS) of
basal ganglia targets is known to ameliorate oromotor control. In this study, weexamined the effects of DBS
of the pedunculopontine tegmental nucleus (PPTg) on jaw movements in selected parkinsonian patients.
Methods: The effects of low-frequency (25 Hz) stimulation of the PPTg on jaw movements were investigated
through electrognathographic analysis in parkinsonian patients who were selected for PPTg stimulation.
Changes in jaw velocity and amplitude during voluntary opening and closing movements of the
mouth, as well as the maximum frequency of self-paced sequences of opening and closing cycles, were
analyzed.
Results: Low-frequency stimulation of the PPTg in the OFF-drugs condition significantly improved the
opening and closing velocities, vertical amplitude and rhythm of voluntary movements. In some instances,
movement parameters during stimulation were within the range of those recorded in healthy controls.
Discussion: This is the first study investigating the impact of PPTg DBS on oromotor control in parkinsonian
patients. The results show that jaw movements may be restored under stimulation and suggest
that the pedunculopontine nucleus may play a key role in controlling oromotor activity
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