1,721,041 research outputs found
Hypertension in HIV: Management and Treatment
No full textHypertension is among the leading risk factors for cardiovascular disease and accounts for 6% of adult deaths worldwide. It is estimated that in 2013, hypertension was responsible for at least 45% of deaths due to heart disease and 51% of deaths due to stroke. Accordingly, management of hypertension and its long-term complications in HIV-infected subjects is a significant component of routine care. The choice of an effective anti-hypertensive therapy in HIV-infected patients is important and must be made carefully in order to prevent cardiovascular mortality and morbidity in these patients
Probiotics and anti-inflammatory processes in HIV infection: from Benchside Research to Bedside
No full textThe Food and Agriculture Organization and the World Health Organization have defined probiotics as: “live microorganisms which when administered in adequate amounts confer a health benefit on the host”. Infection with HIV results in a defective immunological function of T cells and macrophages as well as in cytokine dysregulation with increased production of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Based on the capacity to stimulate immune and non-immune cells, probiotics may have anti-inflammatory effects. Both in vitro and in vivo studies have shown that probiotics may lower systemic inflammation, acting on Th1, Th2, Th17, Treg cell production, NK cell activity and cytokines production
“Are new lipid lowering agents a good option for achieving lipid goals in people living with HIV? A case report”
No full textThe dyslipidemia in people living with HIV differs from the general population because combination antiretroviral therapy may not only induce dyslipidemia but also interact with lipid-lowering agents. Monoclonal antibodies that target proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) have recently been demonstrated to dramatically reduce LDL-C level (>60%) in the majority of cases, and another interesting new option is inclisiran, a firstin-class, cholesterol-lowering small interfering RNA (siRNA) targeting PCSK9 mRNA and conjugated to triantennary Nacetylgalactosamine carbohydrates (GalNAc). We present the clinical case of a 62-year-old man living with HIV and dyslipidemia in whom new hypolipidemic drugs were fundamental in achieving adequate LDL values to prevent cardiovascular events
Are monoclonal antibodies effective in patients with severe obesity in SARS‐CoV‐2 infected?
Full text linkAbstract It is important to block SARS‐CoV‐2 infection immediately with early therapies, such as monoclonal antibodies (MonoAbs). Also, several studies show that obesity is associated with a high risk of severe COVID‐19 disease. We enrolled 32 SARS‐CoV‐2 infected patients who received MonoAbs, all patients were not vaccinated for SARS‐CoV‐2, and they received therapy after 7 ± 2 days from the onset of COVID‐19 symptoms. In the days following administration, patients followed home therapy with Pidotimod 800 mg bid for 10 days and cholecalciferol 2000 UI for 20 days, prescribed the same day they received MonoAbs therapy. Our study found that there are no differences in the therapeutic response between obese and nonobese patients with SARS‐CoV‐2 infection undergoing MonoAbs therapy, in fact, none of them underwent hospitalization. Furthermore, the effect of the immunostimulant Pidotimod and cholecalciferol may have contributed to the resolution of COVID‐19 symptoms in these patients
Antihypertensive and metabolic effects of telmisartan in hypertensive HIV-positive patients
No full textBackground: Hypertension is more prevalent among HIV- infected individuals than in the general population and contributes to increased cardiovascular risk. The angiotensin II receptor blocker telmisartan is also a partial peroxisome proliferator activated receptor-&γαμμα; agonist with documented effects on glucose and lipid homeostasis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antihypertensive and metabolic effects of telmisartan in hypertensive HIVpositive patients. Methods: A total of 18 HIV-positive men treated with antiretroviral therapy and recently diagnosed with hypertension were administered 80 mg telmisartan daily. Systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP), viroimmunological and metabolic parameters, insulin resistance, C-reactive protein, microalbuminuria, cystatin C and plasma levels of interleukin-18 and endothelin-1 were measured at baseline (T0), 1 month (T1), 3 months (T3) and 6 months (T6). Results: Treatment with telmisartan not only decreased SBP and DBP levels, but also improved insulin resistance and microalbuminuria by T1. Levels of triglycerides significantly decreased and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol increased at T1, whereas total and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels were statistically reduced at T3 and T6. Cystatin C and endothelin-1 showed a significant reduction at T1, whereas interleukin-18 decreased at both T3 and T6. Conclusions: Telmisartan was effective in reducing blood pressure and improving lipid metabolism and renal function. Reduction of endothelin-1 might be related to an endothelial protective effect. On the basis of these findings, and because of properties unrelated to blood pressure lowering, telmisartan might be the first choice antihypertensive drug for the treatment of HIV-positive patients
URO-RESIST: A Real-World Retrospective Study on Multidrug-Resistant Sepsis with Urinary Tract Infection, Clinical Predictors, Inflammatory Biomarkers, and Patient Outcomes
No full textNeuroprotective Potential of Bacopa monnieri: Modulation of Inflammatory Signals
No full textBackground: To date, much evidence has shown theincreased interest in natural molecules and traditional herbal medicine as alternative bioactive compounds to fight many inflammatory conditions, both in relation to immunomodulation and in terms of their wound healing potential. Bacopa monnieri is a herb that is used in the Ayurvedic medicine tradition for its anti-inflammatory activity. Objective: In this study, we evaluate the anti-inflammatory and regenerative properties of the Bacopa monnieri extract (BME) in vitro model of neuroinflammation. Methods: Neuronal SH-SY5Y cells were stimulated with TNF and IFN and used to evaluate the effect of BME on cell viability, cytotoxicity, cytokine gene expression, and healing rate. Results: Our results showed that BME protects against the Okadaic acid-induced cytotoxicity in SH-SY5Y cells. Moreover, in TNF and IFN primed cells, BME reduces IL-1, IL-6, COX-2, and iNOS, mitigates the mechanical trauma injury-induced damage, and accelerates the healing of wounds. Conclusion: This study indicates that BME might become a promising candidate for the treatment of neuroinflammation
Quality of life, depression and cytokine patterns in patients with chronic hepatitis C treated with antiviral therapy.
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