54 research outputs found
L'impatto della pandemia sul reddito da lavoro non subordinato, possibili scenari
No full textL’autrice, partendo da brevi osservazioni sulle misure introdotte a sostegno del reddito della vasta platea dei lavoratori e lavoratrici autonomi, in risposta alla gravosa crisi pandemica, analizza quello che può esserne considerato un “lascito”: l’approvazione della sperimentazione del cosiddetto ISCRO, ammortizzatore sociale generale per i professionisti autonomi iscritti alla gestione separata, volto a salvaguardarne l’attività professionale.Based on a short comment on the measures to support the income of self-employed workers, introduced by the response to the serious pandemic crisis, the author analyzes what could be considered a "legacy" about it: the experimentation of the so-called ISCRO, a general social safety net for self-employed professionals enrolled in the separate management, aimed at protection to professional activity
Where can the elderly walk? A spatial multi-criteria method to increase urban pedestrian accessibility
No full textIn terms of residual physical activities suitable for most elderly individuals, walking is also the favoured form of mobility in this group, in particular for those aged 75 and over. For this segment of the population, walking represents the main means of accessing urban services and actively participating in community life. It is thus essential to improve both the physical and functional organization of urban areas to develop comfortable and safe walking paths for the elderly and the other weak segments of population. Therefore, this study provides a methodology for classifying a neighbourhood as more or less accessible for the elderly to reach urban services on the basis of its favourable characteristics. Based on the results of a literature review and Delphi analysis, the fuzzy technique was applied to evaluate the security and urban context characteristics, both in terms of the pedestrian network and built environment. The obtained weights, validated by a sensitivity analysis, were then used to calculate a walking attractiveness index for the elderly using a GIS tool. The methodology was then tested in two neighbourhoods of Naples; the outputs show the areas that local decision-makers should prioritise to improve the safety and attractiveness of routes to access urban services
Il diritto alla disconnessione. Nuove modalità di tutela della qualità del tempo di vita nella prospettiva giuslavoristica.
No full textIl contributo prende avvio dalla riflessione che il tempo, quale pilastro del vincolo sinallagmatico alla base della subordinazione, sia soggetto a un “ripensamento” in ragione della vertiginosa diffusione dello smart working. In tale modalità di svolgimento della prestazione di lavoro i «vincoli» temporali possono essere “allentati”, determinando il rischio di una commistione con il “tempo” da dedicare al riposo o ad ambiti inerenti alla conciliazione vita-lavoro. L’espansione della vita virtuale ha reso più urgente necessità di analisi giuridiche in ordine a nuove aree di tutela, quali la disconnessione. Infatti, non solo nell’ordinamento italiano si è intervenuti nuovamente in materia attraverso la normativa emergenziale, ma in Europa ci si è spinti oltre con l’adozione da parte del Parlamento UE di una Risoluzione con annessa un’articolata proposta di direttiva sull’introduzione del diritto alla disconnessione quale diritto fondamentale del cittadino europeo. L’autrice analizzerà le citate prospettive de iure condendo mettendone in evidenza potenzialità e criticità alla luce di un’analisi sistemica connessa a evidenze empiriche emerse sul punto dall’indagine INAPP-Plus.The paper starts from the reflection that time, a pillar of the synallagmatic bond at the base of employment is subject to a "rethinking" due to the dizzying diffusion of smart-working. In this way of carrying out the work performance, the temporal "constraints" can be loosened or even disappear, leading to the risk of a mixture with the "time" to devote rest or time to devote areas inherent to work-life balance. The explosion of virtual life has made more urgent the need for legal analysis to new areas of protection, such as disconnection. In fact, not only, the Italian Legislator has intervened on the matter through the emergency legislation, but also European which has gone further with the adoption of a Resolution and an articulated proposal for a Directive on the introduction of the right to disconnect as a fundamental right of the European citizen. The author will analyze the aforementioned de iure condendo perspectives, highlighting their potential and critical issues in the light of a systemic analysis connected to empirical evidence that emerged on the point from the INAPP-Plus survey
Conciliazione vita-lavoro e gender gap nella cura. L'evoluzione legislativa nel prisma del quadro normativo europeo.
No full textIl contesto relativo alla connessione tra gender gap e «cura», fortemente aggravato dalle ondate pan-demiche, è al centro di trasformazioni normative. Il saggio analizza, da un lato, la Direttiva n. 2019/1158 Ue work-life balance e, dall’altro, sia le misure adottate nel nostro ordinamento in chiave emergenziale per mediare tra esigenze sanitarie e necessità di cura, sia le modifiche al Codice delle pari opportunità disposte dalla recente legge n. 162/2021, e infine quelle contenute nella legge di bilancio 2022. Dalla lettura integrate di questi sviluppi nel sistema normativo multilivello, emergono critiche ma altresì valutazioni positive dei profili di ampliamento della tutela della conciliazione vita-lavoro.The backdrop and the connection between gender gap and care activities, made significantly worse by the pandemic, are at the centre of legislative transformations. The essay analyzes, on the one hand, the EU Directive on work-life balance for parents and carers; on the other, the Author offers a review of the legislative measures adopted in the Italian national system as an emergency strategy, to address health needs and care needs, the Law No. 162/2021 amendments to the Code of Equal Opportuni-ties provided, as well as the most recent provisions in the 2022 Budget Law 2022. From a combined analysis of these developments into the multilevel regulatory system, some critical and some positive evaluations of the expanding of the work-life balance protection can be drawn
La contrattazione integrativa
No full textIl saggio analizza l’evoluzione della contrattazione collettiva di secondo livello in Italia, tra persistenti criticità di copertura e nuove sfide poste dalla doppia transizione digitale e ambientale. Particolare attenzione è dedicata al premio di risultato e ai contenuti emergenti legati a welfare, lavoro agile e partecipazione. L'autrice sottolinea l’importanza di dati condivisi e accessibili per rafforzare la funzione redistributiva e strategica della contrattazione decentrata.The essay examines the evolution of second-level collective bargaining in Italy, highlighting ongoing coverage gaps and new challenges arising from the twin digital and environmental transitions. Special focus is given to performance-related pay and emerging topics, including welfare, agile work, and worker participation. The author emphasizes the need for shared, accessible data to strengthen the redistributive and strategic role of decentralized bargaining
Pubblica amministrazione e smart working, dalla disciplina ordinaria alla deroga emergenziale
No full textIl percorso di attuazione del lavoro agile nella Pubblica Amministrazione, avviato quale sperimentazione sin dal 2015, con la Quarta Riforma del pubblico impiego, è stato lento e complesso, ma il quadro sembra repentinamente destinato a cambiare. Il riferimento è alla situazione esplosa a seguito dell’emergenza da COVID-19, che sta determinando un “cambio di passo” importante con l’aumento necessitato della modalità agile, incentivata a livello legislativo. Il contributo percorre quindi l’evoluzione repentina e senza soluzione di continuità del quadro normativo, con il passaggio da un’ipertrofia regolamentare all’assenza totale di una cornice di riferimento di un lavoro agile non più sperimentale ma modalità ordinaria della prestazione di lavoro pubblico. L’autrice ne analizza le criticità, in riferimento a un’attuazione ontologicamente snaturata, evidenziandone i profili di particolare attenzione in periodi di compressione della libertà fisica, ma non di quella virtuale, che è di contro amplificata, interrogandosi altresì su quale dovrebbe essere il perno del cambiamento, laddove l’obiettivo è il mutamento di paradigma della Pubblica Amministrazione.Il percorso di attuazione del lavoro agile nella Pubblica Amministrazione, avviato quale
sperimentazione sin dal 2015, con la Quarta Riforma del pubblico impiego, è stato lento e complesso, ma il quadro sembra repentinamente destinato a cambiare. Il riferimento è alla situazione
esplosa a seguito dell’emergenza da COVID-19, che sta determinando un “cambio di passo” importante con l’aumento necessitato della modalità agile, incentivata a livello legislativo. Il contributo percorre quindi l’evoluzione repentina e senza soluzione di continuità del quadro normativo, con
il passaggio da un’ipertrofia regolamentare all’assenza totale di una cornice di riferimento di un
lavoro agile non più sperimentale ma modalità ordinaria della prestazione di lavoro pubblico.
L’autrice ne analizza le criticità, in riferimento a un’attuazione ontologicamente snaturata, evidenziandone i profili di particolare attenzione in periodi di compressione della libertà fisica, ma non di
quella virtuale, che è di contro amplificata, interrogandosi altresì su quale dovrebbe essere il perno
del cambiamento, laddove l’obiettivo è il mutamento di paradigma della Pubblica Amministrazione.The introduction of agile work in the public administration, that started as experimentation
since 2015 with the Fourth Public Employment Reform, has been slow and complicated, but the picture
seems destined to change suddenly. The reference is to the situation exploded following the
COVID-19 emergency, which is leading to an important “change of pace” with the need of increasing
agile work mode, encouraged by regulations. The article therefore deals with the sudden and
seamless evolution of the regulatory framework, with the transition from a hypertrophic regulation to
the total lack of a frame of reference for agile work, that is no longer experimental, but an ordinary
mode of public work. The author analyzes the critical issues, in reference to an ontologically distorted
implementation, highlighting the profiles of particular attention in periods of limitation of physical
freedom, but not virtual freedom, which is on the other hand amplified, also wondering what should
be the keystone of change where the goal is the paradigm shift of the public administration
The Analysis of the Urban Open Spaces System for Resilient and Pleasant Historical Districts.
No full textCities are the places where multiple challenges related to environmental, economic, social, and cultural phenomena are condensed. The increasing physical and systemic sensitivity/vulnerability of cities represents an opportunity to experiment with new models of urban development. Among these models, the scientific community is devoting particular attention to the use and the reuse of public spaces, especially in historical urban areas. What still lacks substance is the identification of which are the most suitable transformations to reorganize the urban spaces system according to its existing characteristics. Indeed, taking into account the intrinsic features of urban spaces means optimizing the benefits as well as cutting the costs associated with the necessary interventions.
This study proposes the analysis of the urban open spaces system – squares, green urban areas, gardens, paved areas, etc. – of seven historical districts in the city of Naples, according to their physical, functional, and accessibility characteristics. The aim is to define their structure and prevailing features in order to support decision-makers in the identification of appropriate and efficient adaptation, reorganization, and reuse measures. 13 indicators referred to 3 dimensions (Climate adaptation, Accessibility and equity, Urban quality) were aggregated into 3 composite indexes, through GIS elaborations, with the aim of identifying portions of territory where to primarily intervene, as well as the characteristics to be improved.
One of the main pieces of evidence of this study is that the suitability of urban spaces for adaptation measures cannot be separated from aspects like accessibility and pleasantness
Spatial Accessibility: Integrating Fuzzy AHP and GIS Techniques to Improve Elderly Walkability
No full textThe study of pedestrian accessibility aimed at improving the physical and functional organization of the urban system is of significant interest in the international scientific community, as the opportunities for pedestrian movement within the urban system affect the behavior and lifestyles of pedestrians in their everyday life. In particular, many scholars propose research aimed at improving the pedestrian network at the urban and neighborhood scale. Moreover, efforts to improve walkability should be people-oriented. In particular, the urban population is diverse and people’s physical abilities tend to decline with old age. Hence, this work focuses on increasing accessibility to urban services for people over 65 by improving walkability. To this end, the characteristics that make pedestrian paths suitable for this weak user group are identified. The pedestrian routes are analyzed based on the geometry and quality of the routes (physical characteristics), the perceived protection in following them (characteristics related to the sense of safety and protection) and the urban context. The weight of these characteristics was quantified through a multi-criteria analysis using the Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) technique. The technique, combined with GIS spatial capabilities allowed us to classify the pedestrian network according to its “friendliness” to the elderly.
The proposed methodology was tested in two districts of the city of Naples to illustrate the relevance of local contexts, including demographic, morphological and settlement characteristics
Energy efficiency: barriers and solutions towards environmental integrity and well-being policies
No full textEnergy and resource constraints are increasingly becoming a concern for populations, scientists and policy-makers. Implementing multi-faceted policies capable of maintaining or improving the current living standard, ensuring business and job opportunities as well as preserving environmental integrity and natural capital is becoming a priority in international strategies. One of the most demanding challenges for human beings in the near future is the development of energy policies characterized by low environmental impacts, prevention of resource scarcity and the possibility of achieving socio-economic well-being. This Special Issue focuses on recent developments and visions in the field of energy and resource efficiency to promote sustainable environmental policies at different scales of processes, sectors and society
Urban Accessibility and Social Equity in Covid-19 Era: A Spatial Analysis in Two Neighbourhoods of the City of Naples
No full textThe academic debate has been turn the attention on pedestrian accessibility to urban services, as walking allow to solve several issues ranging from social and health problems also accentuated by the ongoing pandemic. The innovation in geospatial field has encouraged the development of accessibility and walkability measures and indicators oriented to measure the main physical and functional characteristics of the built environment related to the accessibility of urban services at the neighbourhood scale. According to these premises, this research work, aimed at improving pedestrian accessibility and guaranteeing equal access to neighbourhood-scale services, proposes a seven-steps GIS method based on an Accessibility Indicator that integrates the main aspects of walkability indexes relating to connectivity, sense of security, geometry and amenity of urban built environment. This Accessibility Indicator defines the areas of easy accessibility to the local essential services, by referring to two different maximum distances: the first relates to the distance of 700 m defined in the literature as the distance that a user is willing to walk to use a neighborhood service and the second relates to the regulatory restrictions adopted in the most difficult periods of the pandemic (500 m)
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