135 research outputs found
f-riente/spinwaves-model: Spinwave computational model for all-magnon circuits
No full textComputation model for studying and designing all-magnon circuits. The code contains the computation model to describe spinwaves-based circuit for YIG 100nm and YIG 30nm node. Several circuits are designed and already available within the code ready for simulations. The simulation tool gives to the researcher the possibility to extract metrics to analyze the circuit performance in terms of delay and energy dissipation
TOPOLINANO & MAGCAD: A DESIGN AND SIMULATION FRAMEWORK FOR THE EXPLORATION OF EMERGING TECHNOLOGIES
No full textWe developed a design framework that enables the exploration and analysis of emerging beyond-CMOS technologies. It is composed of two powerful tools: ToPoliNano and MagCAD. Different technologies are supported, and new ones could be added thanks to their modular structure. ToPoliNano starts from a VHDL description of a circuit and performs the place&route following the technological constraints. The resulting circuit can be simulated both at logical or physical level. MagCAD is a layout editor where the user can design custom circuits, by plac-ing basic elements of the selected technology. The tool can extract a VHDL netlist based on compact models of placed elements derived from experiments or physical simulations. Circuits can be verified with standard VHDL simulators. The design workflow will be demonstrated at the U-booth to show how those tools could be a valuable help in the studying and development of emerging technologies and to obtain feedbacks from the scientific community
FUNCODE: Effective Device-to-System Analysis of Field Coupled Nanocomputing Circuit Designs
No full textMany beyond-CMOS technologies, based on different switching mechanisms, are arising. Field-coupled technologies are the most promising as they can guarantee an extremely low-power consumption and combine logic and memory into the same device. However, circuit-level explorations, like layout verification and analysis of the circuit performance, considering the constraints of the target technology, cannot be done using existing tools. Here, we propose a methodology to take on this challenge. We present FUNCODE (FUNction & COnnection DEtection), an algorithm that can detect element connections, functions and errors of custom-layouts and generate its corresponding VHDL netlist. It is proposed for in-plane and perpendicular Nano Magnetic Logic as a case study. FUNCODE netlists, which take into account the physical behavior of the technology, were verified using circuits with increasing complexity, from 6 up to 1400 gates with a number of layout elements varying from 200 to 2.3e6
Exploring the 3-D Integrability of Perpendicular Nanomagnet Logic Technology
No full textConventional integrated circuits' design uses one layer to place logic gates and many additional layers to route interconnections. This design technique is built around the constraints of MOSFET transistors. To further improve the performance of integrated circuits, it is necessary to go beyond this limitation and to design true 3-D circuits. Although this possibility is difficult to implement with transistor technology, perpendicular nanomagnet logic (pNML) intrinsically enables the design of 3-D devices. It is very low-power consumption and offers the possibility to be integrated in the back end of traditional fabrication processes. These characteristics make pNML an ideal candidate to implement low-power coprocessors. In this paper, we demonstrate the possibilities offered by pNML technology by designing a 3-D coprocessor for the summed-area table, one of the most common algorithms used in image processing. We demonstrate the effectiveness of the design and the technology itself by comparing the performance with transistor implementations. The 3-D design makes it possible to obtain a small circuit footprint. Overall, the results presented here are a great step forward toward the design of 3-D coprocessors in pNML technology
A memristor-based sensing and repair system for photovoltaic modules
No full textAmong renewable energy sources the sun is certainly one of the easiest to exploit. Solar panels allow generating electrical energy but they generally have low efficiency. It is therefore important to optimize a solar module to maximize its energy production. Faults can have for example a big impact on the amount of energy production, and should be avoided if possible. This goal can be achieved by designing fault tolerant photovoltaic modules. In this paper, we propose a sensing and repair system for photovoltaic modules. The system is based on two key elements: sensing of the photovoltaic cell status through memristors and dynamic reconfiguration of the connections among cells. Using a memristor for sensing allows creating simple yet effective measuring systems that is able to detect the state of each cell of the modules. This information can be read externally or can be used internally by the reconfiguration system. The second key element of our system is indeed a new reconfiguration scheme that allows dynamically changing the connections among cells. This system can be used to reconfigure the connections among cells to maximize energy production, depending on the health state of each solar cell. The same system can be used to substitute redundant cells in the array to compensate faults and to improve energy production. We present a detailed characterization and power analysis of the system, highlighting the improvements in energy production and demonstrating its ability to compensate faults. The solution that we propose is modular and can be extended to arrays of any size. It can also be potentially embedded inside a solar panel, leading to a self-healing device that can improve the energy that is generating
Cold-precipitable immune complexes in collagen diseases: evidence for the coexistence of multiple types of circulating complexes in the same serum
No full textIn patients with systemic lupus erythematosus, mixed cryoglobulinemia, and rheumatoid arthritis, the presence of cold-precipitable immune complexes (IC) was investigated by means of two different methods, i.e., the Clq-binding activity (ClqBA) and a competitive enzyme immunoassay, based on solid-phase bovine conglutinin (K). Cold precipitability of IC ranged between 0 and 100% with K and between 0 and 71% with ClqBA. No correlation existed either between the levels or the cold precipitability of the IC measured by the two systems in the same sera. On the whole, cold-precipitable IC were better determined by the K method than by ClqBA and in mixed cryoglobulinemia cryocrit levels correlated with IC levels determined with K, but not ClqBA. These data provide direct evidence of the coexistence of several types of circulating IC in the same serum and that the two methods recognize, at least in part, different IC in the same specimen. It might be hypothesized that different IC present in a serum may have a distinct biological significance
Psoriatic arthritis with spinal involvement in a patient receiving alpha-interferon for chronic hepatitis C.
No full textA 26-year-old male patient being treated with alpha-interferon for chronic hepatitis C developed psoriasis, seronegative oligoarthritis and sacroiliitis after four months. The close temporal relationship between the alpha-interferon therapy and the onset of skin and articular lesions strongly suggests that the drug played a role in the induction of the disease despite the absence of HLA antigens related to psoriatic arthritis. We cannot exclude the possibility that immunological alterations associated with HCV infection could have constituted a predisposing factor in the onset of the disease
ToPoliNano and fiction: Design Tools for Field-coupled Nanocomputing
No full textField-coupled Nanocomputing (FCN) is a computing concept with several promising post-CMOS candidate implementations that offer tremendously low power dissipation and highest processing performance at the same time. Two of the manifold physical implementations are Quantum-dot Cellular Automata (QCA) and Nanomagnet Logic (NML). Both inherently come with domain-specific properties and design constraints that render established conventional design algorithms inapplicable. Accordingly, dedicated design tools for those technologies are required. This paper provides an overview of two leading examples of such tools, namely fiction and ToPoliNano. Both tools provide effective methods that cover aspects such as placement, routing, clocking, design rule checking, verification, and logical as well as physical simulation. By this, both freely available tools provide platforms for future research in the FCN domain
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