647 research outputs found
Elevated 1-h post-load plasma glucose levels in subjects with normal glucose tolerance are associated with a pro-atherogenic lipid profile
No full textBackground and aims Evidence suggests that plasma glucose concentration ≥155 mg/dl at 1h during an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) (NGT 1 h-high) predicts both development of type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and cardiovascular events, among adults with normal glucose tolerance (NGT). An atherogenic lipid profile is detectable in subjects with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and T2DM. Whether individuals with NGT-1h-high also exhibit a pro-atherogenic lipid profile is still uncertain. Methods The study cohort includes 1011 non-diabetic Caucasian adults participating in the CATAMERI study. All participants were submitted to anthropometrical evaluation before undergoing an OGTT. Subjects were categorized into NGT 1 h-low (1 h glucose < 155 mg/dl), NGT 1 h-high, IGT, and newly diagnosed T2DM. Lipid profile includes triglycerides, total and HDL cholesterol, apolipoprotein B (ApoB) and ApoA-1. Results 510 subjects were NGT 1 h-low, 211 NGT 1 h-high, 232 IGT and 58 were newly diagnosed T2DM. Triglyceride and ApoB levels were significantly higher in NGT 1 h-high, IGT and T2DM subjects compared to NGT 1 h-low, and HDL cholesterol was significantly lower. Triglycerides-to-HDL cholesterol ratio was significantly higher in NGT 1 h-high, IGT and T2DM groups compared with NGT 1 h-low individuals. The ApoB/ApoA-1 ratio was significantly higher in NGT 1 h-high, IGT and T2DM groups than in the NGT 1 h-low group. NGT 1 h-high, IGT and T2DM subjects exhibited reduced LDL/ApoB ratio compared with NGT 1 h-low. Noticeably, there were no significant differences in ApoB/ApoA-1 and LDL/ApoB ratios when comparing NGT 1 h-high with IGT and T2DM. Conclusions Individuals with NGT 1-h-high exhibited an atherogenic lipid pattern qualitatively and quantitatively similar to that observed in individuals with IGT and newly diagnosed T2DM
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Association between Noninvasive Fibrosis Markers and Chronic Kidney Disease among Adults with Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
No full textCharacterization of left ventricular mass in individuals at risk for type 2 diabetes identified by HbA1c levels according to the American Diabetes Association Criteria
No full textImpaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and impaired fasting glucose (IFG) are two dysglycemic disorders that have been referred to as categories of increased risk for type 2 diabetes (T2DM) as well as for cardiovascular disease [1]. Recently, the American Diabetes Association (ADA) has proposed a glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) value of 5.7–6.4% (39–46 mmol/mol) as a new indicator of prediabetes in addition to IFG and IGT [2]. The three glycemic parameters used as measures of dysglycemia, i.e. fasting plasma glucose (FPG), 2-h post-challenge glucose (2-h PG), and HbA1c reflect different features of glucose metabolism with FPG reflecting steady-state glucose metabolism, 2-h PG being an indicator of glycemic
response to meal, and HbA1c, an indicator of average blood glucose concentrations over 2–3 months, capturing both fasting and post-meal glycemia. There is evidence that FPG and 2-h PG in the range diagnostic for IFG and IGT have an impact on cardiac geometry and function and are associated with left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH), a well-established predictor of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality
Elevated 1-hour post-load plasma glucose levels in subjects with normal glucose tolerance are associated with unfavorable inflammatory profile
No full text
One-hour postload hyperglycemia confers higher risk of hepatic steatosis to HbA1c-defined prediabetic subjects
No full textCONTEXT:
Individuals with glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c)-defined prediabetes (HbA1c value of 5.7-6.4%) and 1-hour plasma glucose ≥155 mg/dL during an oral glucose tolerance test have an increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes.
OBJECTIVE:
To evaluate the degree to which HbA1c-defined prediabetes and 1-hour postload glucose ≥155 mg/dL individually and jointly associate with hepatic steatosis and related biomarkers.
DESIGN AND PATIENTS:
A cross-sectional analysis was performed on 1108 White individuals.
SETTING:
Ambulatory care.
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:
Anthropometric and metabolic characteristics including hepatic steatosis assessed by ultrasonography.
RESULTS:
Compared with the normal group (HbA1c <5.7%), HbA1c-defined prediabetic and diabetic individuals exhibit higher values of fasting, 1-hour, and 2-hour postload glucose; fasting and 2-hour postload insulin; triglycerides; uric acid; homeostasis model of assessment for insulin resistance; liver insulin resistance index; liver enzymes; and inflammatory biomarkers; and lower levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and IGF-1. Prediabetic and diabetic subjects have increased risk of hepatic steatosis (1.5- and 2.46-fold, respectively). Stratifying participants according to HbA1c and 1-hour postload glucose, we found that individuals with HbA1c-defined prediabetes and 1-hour postload glucose ≥155 mg/dL have significantly higher risk of hepatic steatosis as compared with individuals with HbA1c-defined prediabetes but 1-hour postload glucose <155 mg/dL. Individuals with HbA1c-defined prediabetes and 1-hour postload glucose ≥155 mg/dL exhibit higher values of liver enzymes; fasting, 1-hour, and 2-hour postload glucose; insulin; triglycerides; uric acid; and inflammatory biomarkers; and lower levels of high-density lipoprotein and IGF-1.
CONCLUSIONS:
These data suggest that a value of 1-hour postload glucose ≥155 mg/dL may be helpful to identify a subset of individuals within HbA1c-defined glycemic categories at higher risk of hepatic steatosis
Plasma complement C3 levels are associated with insulin secretion independently of adiposity measures in non-diabetic individuals
No full textBACKGROUND AND AIMS:
To evaluate if complement C3 is associated with insulin secretion, as suggested by recent in vitro studies, independently of confounders including adiposity measures.
METHODS AND RESULTS:
1010 nondiabetic subjects were stratified into quartiles according to complement C3 values. Insulin secretion was assessed using indexes derived from oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) in the whole study group and from intravenous glucose tolerance test (IVGTT) in a subgroup (n = 110). Significant differences between quartiles of C3 were observed in body mass index (BMI), waist, fat mass, blood pressure, total cholesterol, high density lipoprotein (HDL), triglycerides, fasting and 2-h post-load glucose, fasting insulin, C reactive protein (hsCRP), fibrinogen, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), complement C4, and insulin sensitivity with C3 quartiles exhibiting graded increases in cardio-metabolic risk factors. Differences in insulin secretion indexes between C3 quartiles remained significant after adjustment for age, gender, BMI, insulin sensitivity, blood pressure, total cholesterol, HDL, triglycerides, hsCRP, fibrinogen, and complement C4 levels (P < 0.0001). A multivariable regression analysis revealed that complement C3 is a contributor of insulin secretion, explaining 2.4% and 1.9% of variation of the Stumvoll index for first-phase and second-phase insulin secretion, respectively, and 2.1% of variation of the InsAUC30/GluAUC30 index, independently of gender, age, BMI, waist, fat mass, blood pressure, total cholesterol, HDL, triglycerides, hsCRP, fibrinogen, AST, ALT.
CONCLUSIONS:
Complement C3 concentrations are associated with insulin secretion independently of important determinants of glucose homeostasis such as gender, age, adiposity, subclinical inflammation, and insulin sensitivity.
Copyright © 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved
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