173 research outputs found
Young Adults Living Apart and Together (LAT) with Parents: A Three-level Analysis of the Italian Case
No full textBillari F. C., Rosina A., Ranaldi R. and Romano M. C. Young adults living apart and together (LAT) with parents: a three-level analysis of the Italian case, Regional Studies. This paper introduces the notion of living apart together (LAT) with one's parents as a status in the transition to adulthood. LAT with parents is defined as the situation in which young adults who reside with their parents spend a significant amount of that time living outside the parental household. Young adults who LAT with parents are described and the determinants of LAT are analysed with reference to Italy. The relevance of this phenomenon is documented for Italy, a country with one of the highest share of young adults cohabiting with parents and with fundamental subnational differences both on higher education provision and in the labour market situation. Official survey and census data are analysed and a multi-level statistical model is used to analyse the determinants of the LAT choice, with individuals, households and municipalities as levels. [image omitted] Billari F. C., Rosina A., Ranaldi R. et Romano M. C. Les jeunes qui vivent a la fois separement et a la maison: une analyse a trois niveaux de la situation en Italie, Regional Studies. Cet article cherche a presenter la notion de LAT (living apart together - autrement dit, vivre a la fois separement et chez ses parents) comme position sociale au passage a l'age adulte. On definit LAT chez ses parents comme la situation ou les jeunes qui habitent chez leurs parents passent une proportion non-negligeable de leur temps en dehors de la maison de leurs parents. On decrit les jeunes qui vivent chez leurs parents et en analyse les determinants pour ce qui est de l'Italie. On decrit l'importance de ce phenomene pour l'Italie, un pays qui comprend une proportion de jeunes adultes qui habitent chez leurs parents parmi les plus elevees et dont les differences infranationales quant aux services d'enseignement superieur et a la situation sur le marche du travail sont fondamentales. On analyse des donnees officielles provenant des enquetes et des recensements de la population et emploie un modele statistique a plusieurs niveaux afin d'analyser les determinants du choix de LAT a partir des individus, des menages et des municipalites. LAT Quitter la maison Jeunes Modeles a plusieurs niveaux Italie Billari F. C., Rosina A., Ranaldi R. und Romano M. C. Getrenntes Zusammenleben zwischen jungen Erwachsenen und ihren Eltern: eine dreischichtige Analyse des Falls von Italien, Regional Studies. In diesem Artikel fuhren wir den Begriff des getrennten Zusammenlebens mit den Eltern als Zustand wahrend des Ubergangs in das Erwachsenenleben ein. Wir definieren getrenntes Zusammenleben mit den Eltern als die Situation, in der junge Erwachsene, die bei ihren Eltern wohnen, einen erheblichen Teil ihrer Zeit ausserhalb des Elternhauses verbringen. Wir beschreiben junge Erwachsene, die mit ihren Eltern getrennt zusammenleben, und analysieren die Determinanten des getrennten Zusammenlebens anhand des Falls von Italien. Wir dokumentieren die Relevanz dieses Phanomens fur Italien, ein Land mit einem der hochsten Anteile an noch im Elternhaus wohnenden jungen Erwachsenen und mit grundlegenden subnationalen Unterschieden hinsichtlich des Angebots an hoherer Bildung und der Situation auf dem Arbeitsmarkt. Wir analysieren offizielle Erhebungs- und Volkszahlungsdaten und ermitteln mit Hilfe eines mehrschichtigen Statistikmodells die Determinanten fur die Entscheidung zum getrennten Zusammenleben auf den Ebenen der Einzelpersonen, Haushalte und Gemeinden. Getrenntes Zusammenleben Ausziehen aus dem Elternhaus Jugend Mehrschichtige Modelle Italien Billari F. C., Rosina A., Ranaldi R. y Romano M. C. Jovenes que Viven Juntos Separados (VJS) con sus padres: Un analisis de tres niveles en el caso de Italia, Regional Studies. En este ensayo introducimos la nocion de Vivir Juntos Separados (VJS) con los padres como un estado en la transicion hacia la edad adulta. Definimos el estado VJS con los padres como la situacion en la que los jovenes que viven con sus padres dedican mucho tiempo viviendo fuera del hogar de los padres. Describimos a los jovenes que VJS con sus padres y analizamos los determinantes de los VJS en Italia. Documentamos la importancia de este fenomeno en Italia, un pais con un indice muy alto de jovenes que cohabitan con sus padres y con importantes diferencias subnacionales tanto en la dotacion de estudios superiores como en la situacion en el mercado laboral. Analizamos un estudio oficial y datos de censo y utilizamos un modelo estadistico de varios niveles para analizar los determinantes de la opcion VJS con los niveles de personas, hogares y municipios. VJS Abandonar el hogar Joven Modelos de varios niveles ItaliaR23, J13,
Shedding Light on the Dark Web: Authorship Attribution in Radical Forums
No full textOnline users tend to hide their real identities by adopting different names on the Internet. On Facebook or LinkedIn, for example, people usually appear with their real names. On other standard websites, such as forums, people often use nicknames to protect their real identities. Aliases are used when users are trying to protect their anonymity. This can be a challenge to law enforcement trying to identify users who often change nicknames. In unmonitored contexts, such as the dark web, users expect strong identity protection. Thus, without censorship, these users may create parallel social networks where they can engage in potentially malicious activities that could pose security threats. In this paper, we propose a solution to the need to recognize people who anonymize themselves behind nicknames—the authorship attribution (AA) task—in the challenging context of the dark web: specifically, an English-language Islamic forum dedicated to discussions of issues related to the Islamic world and Islam, in which members of radical Islamic groups are present. We provide extensive analysis by testing models based on transformers, styles, and syntactic features. Downstream of the experiments, we show how models that analyze syntax and style perform better than pre-trained universal language models
L’acquifero nelle ghiaie di base del Tevere: una risorsa geotermica per la città di Roma.
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KERMITviz: Visualizing Neural Network Activations on Syntactic Trees
No full textThe study of symbolic syntactic interpretations has been the cornerstone of natural language understanding for many years. Today, modern artificial neural networks are widely searched to assess their syntactic ability, through several probing tasks. In this paper, we propose a neural network system that explicitly includes syntactic interpretations: Kernel-inspired Encoder with Recursive Mechanism for Interpretable Trees Visualizer (KERMITviz). The most important result is that KERMITviz allows to visualize how syntax is used in inference. This system can be used in combination with transformer architectures like BERT, XLNet and clarifies the use of symbolic syntactic interpretations in specific neural networks making the black-box neural network neural networks explainable, interpretable and clear
A tree-of-thoughts to broaden multi-step reasoning across languages
No full textReasoning methods, best exemplified by the well-known Chain-of-Thought (CoT), empower the reasoning abilities of Large Language Models (LLMs) by eliciting them to solve complex tasks in a step-by-step manner. Although they are achieving significant success, the ability to deliver multi-step reasoning remains limited to English because of the imbalance in the distribution of pre-training data, which makes other languages a barrier. In this paper, we propose Cross-lingual Tree-of-Thoughts (Cross-ToT), a method for aligning Cross-lingual CoT reasoning across languages. The proposed method, through a self-consistent cross-lingual prompting mechanism inspired by the Tree-of-Thoughts approach, provides multi-step reasoning paths in different languages that, during the steps, lead to the final solution. Experimental evaluations show that our method significantly outperforms existing prompting methods by reducing the number of interactions and achieving state-of-the-art performance
Syntax and prejudice: ethically-charged biases of a syntax-based hate speech recognizer unveiled
No full textHate speech recognizers (HSRs) can be the panacea for containing hate in social media or can result in the biggest form of prejudice-based censorship hindering people to express their true selves. In this paper, we hypothesized how massive use of syntax can reduce the prejudice effect in HSRs. To explore this hypothesis, we propose Unintended-bias Visualizer based on Kermit modeling (KERM-HATE): a syntax-based HSR, which is endowed with syntax heat parse trees used as a post-hoc explanation of classifications. KERM-HATE significantly outperforms BERT-based, RoBERTa-based and XLNet-based HSR on standard datasets. Surprisingly this result is not sufficient. In fact, the post-hoc analysis on novel datasets on recent divisive topics shows that even KERM-HATE carries the prejudice distilled from the initial corpus. Therefore, although tests on standard datasets may show higher performance, syntax alone cannot drive the ‘‘attention“ of HSRs to ethically-unbiased features
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