325 research outputs found
Brand extension e brand loyalty
No full textL'obiettivo di ricerca perseguito consiste nell’analisi dell’effetto che l’estensione di una marca caratterizzata da notorietà e immagine elevate esercita sulla fedeltà dei consumatori, nella categoria di prodotto originaria e nella nuova categoria, in presenza di diversi livelli di coerenza percettiva.
Il paper è così strutturato: il paragrafo 2 affronta il tema della coerenza percettiva, distinguendo la coerenza tra categorie (category to category fit) dalla coerenza tra la marca e l’estensione (brand to extension fit); il paragrafo 3 illustra il modello di analisi, le ipotesi di ricerca, la metodologia di indagine e le scale di misurazione utilizzate; il paragrafo 4 sintetizza i risultati ottenuti. Infine, nelle conclusioni vengono discusse le principali implicazioni di marketing dell’analisi svolta
Estensione della marca e fedeltà dei consumatori: l'impatto della consonanza percettiva
No full textThe article analyzes the effects that the extension of a brand with high awareness and image produces on brand attitudinal loyalty in existing and new category. Studies on brand extension have deeply investigated the effect of perceptual fit on consumer evaluations of brand extensions.
Literature analysis shows that perceptual fit can be evaluated on the basis of the coherence between categories (category-to-category fit) and the coherence between brand and extension (brand-to-extension fit).
When both category-to-category fit and brand-to-extension fit are high, brand extension produces positive effects on brand loyalty. This effect is negative when both category-to category fit and brand-to-extension fit are low. The results of the empirical study show that when there is only one kind of fit brand-to-extension fit seems more critical than category-to-category fit in order to achieve brand loyalty, both in the existing and in the new category
A Unifying Framework for Sparsity-Constrained Optimization
No full textIn this paper, we consider the optimization problem of minimizing a continuously differentiable function subject to both convex constraints and sparsity constraints. By exploiting a mixed-integer reformulation from the literature, we define a necessary optimality condition based on a tailored neighborhood that allows to take into account potential changes of the support set. We then propose an algorithmic framework to tackle the considered class of problems and prove its convergence to points satisfying the newly introduced concept of stationarity. We further show that, by suitably choosing the neighborhood, other well-known optimality conditions from the literature can be recovered at the limit points of the sequence produced by the algorithm. Finally, we analyze the computational impact of the neighborhood size within our framework and in the comparison with some state-of-the-art algorithms, namely, the Penalty Decomposition method and the Greedy Sparse-Simplex method. The algorithms have been tested using a benchmark related to sparse logistic regression problems
Immunophenotypic and genotypic characterization of chronic lymphocytic leukemia patients from northern Italy
No full textBackground and methods: Immunoglobulin (Ig) gene expression and rearrangements provide information about cell lineage, clonality and differentiation of neoplastic lymphoid cells. We performed flow cytometry and Southern blot analysis in 25 patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) from the Po River delta region (Northern Italy), in order to correlate surface immunological phenotype and heavy and light chain gene rearrangements with clinical stages.
Results: In these 25 CLL cases, as in the larger group of 165, k-positive (k+) patients were more frequent than lambda-positive (lambda +) ones by a ratio of 59:41, with a predominance of lambda + in stage II (46:54) and of K+ in stage IV (77:23). However, the survival behavior of lambda + and k+ patients was not statistically different. Ig gene rearrangements were found in all patients in accordance with the immunophenotype. When Ig gene analysis was performed on two different occasions in 7 of the 8 who received chemotherapy, there was an increase in the percentage of the germline band. This variation was inversely related to changes in WBC count. In the treated subject who showed a reduction of both WBC count and the germline, there was rapid disease progression and short survival.
Conclusions: Analysis of Ig gene rearrangements in our CLL patients demonstrated: i) the monoclonality of neoplastic cells; ii) no correlation between rearrangements and clinical stages, and iii) that this analysis may be a useful tool in evaluating biological behavior in selected CLL cases showing a discrepancy between hematological data and clinical response to therapy
Pin-hole array production and detailed data analysis for advanced single-shot X-ray imaging of laboratory plasmas
No full textLaser produced plasmas offer the unique opportunity to investigate physical mechanisms working at extremely high field in pulsed regime [1] (Gizzi et al., 2009). Future large scale infrastructure like HiPER and ELI may open new frontiers of knowledge in this way. Technologies needed for improving diagnostic in this field have a strong impact on a wide range of multi-disciplinary applications as for compact plasma-based accelerators [1,2] (Gizzi et al., 2009; Betti et al., 2009) laser fusion oriented experiments, three-dimensional microscopy and lithography. As an example the X-ray imaging, being a powerful diagnostic tool for deep investigation on different variety of laser produced plasma, has obtained a grooving effort in recent years. Large scale facilities working in single-pulse regime for laser fusion oriented experiments have evidenced the necessity to obtain spectrally resolved X-ray images of produced plasmas in a single shot. By combining the charge coupled devices (CCD) based single-photon detection technique with a pin-hole array (PHA) a new diagnostic technique was developed, as shown in recent experiments related to the European HiPER project [3] (Labate et al., 2009). Here we qualitatively describe the PHA production process on a heavy metal substrate by means of SEM images that show an internal diameter on the micrometer scale and an aspect ratio of about 20. The characterization of the X-ray contrast up to 90 keV is presented. The data analysis of the X-ray photons interaction on CCD, for spectrum reconstruction up to high energy, is described [4] (Levato et al., 2008). (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. RI Gizzi, Leonida/F-4782-201
CARDIOLOGICAL EVALUATION ACCORDING TO THE INTERNATIONAL GUIDELINES ACC/AHA IS IT ALWAIS SURE? PRESENTATION OF A CLINICAL CASE.
No full textDiscordant clinical outcome in type III spinal muscular atrophy sibships showing the same deletion pattern
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