163 research outputs found
Notiz zu der Arbeit von F. Malengreau und A. Lebailly: Über die synthetischen Homocholine
No full textNOTIZ ZU DER ARBEIT VON F. MALENGREAU UND A. LEBAILLY: ÜBER DIE SYNTHETISCHEN HOMOCHOLINE
Details:
Zeitschrift für physiologische Chemie: 1.1877-20.1895
Hoppe-Seyler's Zeitschrift für physiologische Chemie: 21.1895- 112.1921 (-)
Hoppe-Seyler's Zeitschrift für Physiologische Chemie (67) ( - )
Notiz zu der Arbeit von F. Malengreau und A. Lebailly: Über die synthetischen Homocholine (67) ( -
Modelling environmental impacts of treated municipal wastewater reuse for tree crops irrigation in the Mediterranean coastal region
No full textWastewater reuse provides valuable solutions to solve the societal challenges of decreasing availability and limiting access to secure water resources. The present study quantifies the environmental performance of nectarine orchards irrigation using treated municipal wastewater (TMW) and surface water using a unique dataset based on field experimental data. Climate change, toxicity (for human and freshwater), eutrophication (marine and freshwater) and acidification impacts were analysed using the impact assessment method suggested by the International Reference Life Cycle Data System (ILCD). The water footprint associated to the life cycles of each system has been estimated using the Available WAter REmaining (AWARE) method. Monte Carlo simulation was used to assess data uncertainty. The irrigation of nectarine orchards using TMW performs better than the irrigation using surface water for eutrophication impact categories. Compared with surface water resources, the potential impacts of TMW reuse in agriculture on climate change and toxicity are affected by the wastewater treatment phase (WWT). Only eutrophication and acidification burdens are generated by in-field substitution of surface water with TMW. Considering human and ecosystem water demand, the irrigation with TMW increases water consumption of 19.12 m 3 per kg of nectarine produced. Whereas, it shows a positive contribution to water stress (−0.19 m 3 ) if only human water demand is considered. This study provides important results that allow for a better understanding of the potential environmental consequences of TMW reuse in agriculture. It suggests that embracing the type of WWTs, the replacement of fertilizers, the effects on water scarcity and ecosystem quality might be useful to redefine water reuse regulations and increase public acceptance for the reuse of TMW in agriculture. Moreover, this study reveals the need for developing consensus and standardized guidance for life cycle analysis of water reuse applications
Modelling environmental impacts of treated municipalwastewater reuse for tree crops irrigation in the Mediterranean coastal region
No full textpeer reviewedWastewater reuse provides valuable solutions to solve the societal challenges of decreasing availability and limiting access to secure water resources. The present study quantifies the environmental performance of nectarine orchards irrigation using treated municipal wastewater (TMW) and surface water using a unique dataset based on field experimental data. Climate change, toxicity (for human and freshwater), eutrophication (marine and freshwater) and acidification impacts were analysed using the impact assessment method suggested by the International Reference Life Cycle Data System (ILCD). The water footprint associated to the life cycles of each system has been estimated using the Available WAter REmaining (AWARE) method. Monte Carlo simulation was used to assess data uncertainty. The irrigation of nectarine orchards using TMW performs better than the irrigation using surface water for eutrophication impact categories. Compared with surface water resources, the potential impacts of TMW reuse in agriculture on climate change and toxicity are affected by the wastewater treatment phase (WWT). Only eutrophication and acidification burdens are generated by in-field substitution of surface water with TMW. Considering human and ecosystem water demand, the irrigation with TMW increases water consumption of 19.12 m3 per kg of nectarine produced. Whereas, it shows a positive contribution to water stress (−0.19 m3) if only human water demand is considered. This study provides important results that allow for a better understanding of the potential environmental consequences of TMW reuse in agriculture. It suggests that embracing the type of WWTs, the replacement of fertilizers, the effects on water scarcity and ecosystem quality might be useful to redefine water reuse regulations and increase public acceptance for the reuse of TMW in agriculture. Moreover, this study reveals the need for developing consensus and standardized guidance for life cycle analysis of water reuse applications
Agroindustrial subsectors and their development: the case of beef in the Sahelian countries
No full textpeer reviewedL'étude des filières agro-alimentaires permet une approche intégrée des problèmes liés au développement des productions vivrières dans les pays du Tiers Monde. L'auteur de cet article, après avoir précisé les concepts en relation avec la notion de filière, livre ses réflexions à propos de l'installation de systèmes agro-industriels performants dans les pays en développement. Il expose ensuite succinctement les caractéristiques des différents maillons constitutifs de la filière de la viande dans les pays sahéliens. Il conclut que les Etats devraient impérativement favoriser l'éclosion de filières vivrières capables d'assurer un lien entre les producteurs et les consommateurs ainsi qu'un développement équilibré de la production, de la commercialisation et des débouchés.The study of the food subsector permits an integrated approach to the problems linked to the development of food production in Third World countries. The author, after defining various concepts related to the subsector notion, explains how successful agro-industrial systems can be developed in Third World countries and outlines the various steps in the meat production network of Sahelian countries. Food subsectors, he concludes, create a link between producers and consumers and, as such, are instrumental in ensuring a balance between production, commercialization and markets
Concept de filière, économie agro-alimentaire et développement
No full textConcept of subsector, agro-industrial economies and development. The subsector represents a meaningful and manageable division specially adapted to comprehensive investigation on agro-industrial systems. The food subsector studies permits an integrated approach of problems linked with production development in Third World countries. The author of this paper, after having determined the concepts in relation with the subsector from theoretical point of vue presents the general characteristics of successful agro-industrial systems in developing countries and proposes a methodology to appreciate the competitivity of subsectors
Über die synthetischen Homocholine
No full textÜBER DIE SYNTHETISCHEN HOMOCHOLINE
Details:
Zeitschrift für physiologische Chemie: 1.1877-20.1895
Hoppe-Seyler's Zeitschrift für physiologische Chemie: 21.1895- 112.1921 (-)
Hoppe-Seyler's Zeitschrift für Physiologische Chemie (67) ( - )
Über die synthetischen Homocholine (67) ( -
Agricultural Land Conversion Drivers in Northeast Iran: Application of Structural Equation Model
No full textpeer reviewedIdentifying driving forces behind agricultural land conversion (ALC) remains
one of the most difficult challenges that agricultural and environmental scientists
must continually deal with. The difficulty emerges from the fact that in ALC, multiple
actions and interactions between different factors (i.e., economic, political, environmental,
biophysical, institutional, and cultural) exist and make it difficult to understand
the function of the processes behind the changes. The phenomenon of ALC in different
countries is varied in terms of intensity, trends and drivers. The main goal of this study
was to understand these drivers in Northeast Iran through applying structural equation
model (SEM). Using multi-stage stratified random sampling, 101 executive officers
participated in the study. Data were collected through a structured questionnaire. A
multi-stakeholder analysis and a mixed-method (qualitative and quantitative) approach
were applied. Results revealed that not only from the policy makers’ perspective but
also based on the SEM, "economic", "political", "technological", "social" and "environmental" factors should respectively be the five major drivers of ALC. The
results also showed that among other drivers, "more profitability of non-agriculture
sectors", "excessive rising of land prices", "farmers’ income instability", "land
fragmentation", "urban sprawl" and "inheritance laws" are the main six causes of
ALC. Hence, it can be concluded that policy-makers and planners need to take these
drivers and subsidiaries more into consideration in order to properly respond to ALC
Notiz zu der Arbeit von F. Malengreau und A. Lebailly: Über die synthetischen Homocholine.
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