281 research outputs found
Museo della Tecnica Elettrica, Università di Pavia
No full textMuseo della Tecnica Elettrica
Università di Pavia
Direttore:
Professor Antonio Savini
Comitato Scientifico:
Professor Antonio Savini (Direttore del Museo); Prof. F. Bevilacqua (Direttore del Sistema Museale, Università di Pavia); Dr P. Brenni (Istituto e Museo di Storia della Scienza, Firenze) Dr B. Bowers (Coordinatore del Comitato Organizzativo) M.e E. Drye (Comitato Organizzativo); Dr A. Ferraresi (Università di Pavia); Dr F. Galli (Direttore del Museo della Scienza, Milano); Dr A. Garlandini (Regione Lombardia); Dr S. Jeszenszky (Comitato Organizzativo); Dr. F. Heilbronner (Comitato Organizzativo); Dr. P. Ianmatteo (ENEL); Dr E. Serafini (SIRTI); Prof. A. Silvestri (Politecnico di Milano); Prof. F. Tommazzolli (Università di Pavia); Prof. E. Valeriani (Università di Pavia); Dr. D. Vicini (Musei Civici, Comune di Pavia)
Comitato Organizzativo (Progettazione dell’esposizione):
Professor Antonio Savini (Direttore del Museo)
Dr Brian Bowers
M.me Elisabeth Drye
Dr Anna Guagnini
Dr Friedrich Heilbronner
Dr Sandor Jeszenszky
Anna Guagnini:
Ruolo e compiti in quanto membro del Comitato Organizzativo:
1. Partecipazione alla realizzazione del progetto espositivo complessivo del Museo
2. Progettazione della Sezione 2. “L’elettricità si afferma (tra Ottocento e Novecento)”
Superficie espositiva della Sezione: 312.5 metri quadri;
oggetti esposti: 85
Obbiettivi del Museo:
La realizzazione del Museo della Tecnica elettrica è finalizzata all'esposizione per la fruizione pubblica e la valorizzazione delle collezioni universitarie costituitesi presso il Dipartimento di Ingegneria Elettrica e di due importanti collezioni ottenute in comodato (la collezione ENEL, già nel Museo della Tecnica Elettrica di Roma e la collezione SIRTI, già nel Museo SIRTI delle Telecomunicazioni di Milano).
Il museo comprende anche una biblioteca storica, costituita con il fondo dell'AEI (Associazione Elettrotecnica Italiana).
Il progetto consente quindi l'integrazione delle collezioni storiche dell'Università - che documentano in modo significativo le origini degli studi in materia di elettricità e di magnetismo - e le raccolte di più recente acquisizione, alle quali viene garantita un'adeguata sede espositiva.
Il Museo della Tecnica elettrica è inserito nel Sistema Museale d'Ateneo, che a sua volta fa parte del Sistema Museale di Pavia e della sua Certosa, comprendente anche i Musei Civici, il costituendo Percorso museale del Duomo e il Museo della Certosa
Struttura del Museo:
Il Museo (area totale: 5.000 metri quadri) è suddiviso in tre aree:
Area espositiva aperta al pubblico
Area dedicata alle collezioni speciali
Area per i servizi (uffici, biblioteca, sale riunioni, sala mostre temporanee)
L’Area espositiva aperta al pubblico (1. 875 metri quadri) comprende le seguenti Sezioni:
1. Le origini (fino a circa il 1880) Responsabile: E. Drye)
2. L’elettricità si afferma (tra Ottocento e Novecento) Responsabile: A. Guagnini)
3. L’elettricità per tutti (inizi Novecento) Responsabile: S. Jeszenszky
4. L’elettricità ovunque (seconda metà del Novecento) Responsabili: B. Bowers, F. Heilbronner
5. L’elettricità da oggi al futuro Responsabili: B. Bowers, F. Heilbronner
Enti di afferenza:
Regione Lombardia
Comune di Pavia
Provincia di Pavia
Università di Pavia
Data di Inaugurazione del Museo:
1 marzo 2007
Indirizzo: Via Ferrata 27100 Pavia
Telefono: 0382 985250,985252
Fax: 0382 422276
sito internet:
http://www.unipv.it/museotecnica
Heilbronner: Über Fugues und fugue-ähnliche Zustände. Jahrb. f. Psychiatrie 23, 107-206. 1903
No full textHEILBRONNER: ÜBER FUGUES UND FUGUE-ÄHNLICHE ZUSTÄNDE. JAHRB. F. PSYCHIATRIE 23, 107-206. 1903
Zeitschrift für Psychologie und Physiologie der Sinnesorgane (-)
Zeitschrift für Psychologie und Physiologie der Sinnesorgane (34) (a0006)
Heilbronner: Über Fugues und fugue-ähnliche Zustände. Jahrb. f. Psychiatrie 23, 107-206. 1903 (34) (p0071
Rapid event-related near-infrared spectroscopy detects age-related qualitative changes in the neural correlates of response inhibition
No full textNear-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) is a promising neuroimaging tool for the study of human cognition. Here, we show that event-related NIRS is able to detect age-related differences in the neural processing in a simple visual Go/NoGo task using a relatively fast (stimulus onset asynchrony approx. 1.4 s) event-related design together with a model-based analysis approach. Subjects were healthy young (60 years) adults. Behaviorally, old adults were slower but more accurate than young adults. The event-related analysis approach of NIRS data allowed us to contrast activation of successfully inhibited NoGo stimuli with that of correctly answered Go stimuli. Both age-groups showed frontal activation differences between these events in oxy- (HbO; increase) and deoxyhemoglobin (HbR; decrease). Between age groups, differences in HbR were found in right dorsolateral frontal (old > young), right temporal/postcentral/precentral and left precentral/inferior frontal (young>old) channels. These differences are in line with age-associated activation changes in inhibition detected with functional magnetic resonance imaging. The present study successfully separated the neural correlates of response inhibition from errors of commission/omission and provides data from multiple simultaneously recorded optodes. Furthermore, these results demonstrate the feasibility of using NIRS to investigate neural processes related to aging and dementia, in particular in patients for which other neuroimaging techniques are contraindicated. In the future, functional phenotyping of successful aging in respect to executive performance may be feasible. (C) 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.DFG; BMB
Data Sharing in Psychiatric Genetics (Urs Heilbronner; November 2025)
No full textVideo recording and slides of the following talk (given at the November 2025 OSIM meeting): "Data Sharing in the PsyCourse Study: A Practical Approach" by Urs Heilbronner
Sortase A promotes virulence in experimental Staphylococcus lugdunensis endocarditis.
No full textStaphylococcus lugdunensis is a commensal of humans and an opportunistic pathogen. It can cause an aggressive form of infective endocarditis in healthy humans akin to Staphylococcus aureus. Here we compared the virulence of the genome-sequenced S. lugdunensis strain N920143 to S. aureus in an experimental rat endocarditis model. N920143 caused a milder course of disease with lower levels of bacteraemia and smaller endocardial vegetations than S. aureus strain Newman. However, vegetations were comparable to those produced by S. aureus MRSA strain COL. Little is known about virulence factors of S. lugdunensis as systems to manipulate the bacterium genetically are currently limited. Here, we report a method for electroporation of S. lugdunensis with plasmid DNA and demonstrate that the low efficiency of transformation is due to the activity of a conserved type I restriction-modification system. To streamline the transformation process, we constructed SL01B, an E. coli strain expressing the hsdM/hsdS genes of N920143. Modified plasmid DNA isolated from SL01B transformed S. lugdunensis strains from clonal complexes 1 and 2 efficiently. A deletion mutant of N920143 lacking sortase A was significantly less virulent than the wild-type in the endocarditis model. Mutants defective in single surface proteins Fbl or vWbl were not significantly different from the wild-type but showed trends towards reduced virulence
Experimental investigation on the rheology of fault rocks
No full textThe aim of this study is to explore and identify physical and chemical processes occurring during deformation of fault rocks under elevated pressures and temperatures where an interplay between brittle/frictional and viscous processes is expected. The mechanical response of a crushed granitoid rock placed between forcing blocks pre-cut at 45° was studied under a broad range of temperatures (T = 300 – 600°C), confining pressures (Pc ∼ 300 – 1500 MPa) and displacement rates (d ̇, of ∼ 10−6, 10−7 and 10−8 m s−1) to different sample bulk shear strains (γ ∼ 0 – 5). Microstructural observations show, that the crushed fault rock undergoes compaction accommodated by short, closely spaced R1 Riedel shears producing large amounts of fine-grained (< 100 nm) material. This is accompanied by strain hardening in the mechanical record. Compaction is complete around a finite shear strain, γ, of ∼ 1.5, well before peak strength and deformation starts to partition into interconnected, anastomozing slip zones (SZ). Around peak strength (γ ∼ 2) a S-C fabric is well developed and the fine-grained material (< 100 nm) in the SZ is being transformed into a nanocrystalline (mean grain size ∼ 35 nm), partly amorphous material with an intermediate chemical composition between potassium-feldspar and plagioclase. High peak shear strength (τ ∼ 0.6 – 1.4 GPa) is reached around a γ, of ∼ 2.5 where the SZ form 7-12 % of the fault rock volume. Very fine layering and laminar flow structures are observed in the SZ. Fracturing and grain size reduction continues in lenses of material delimited by individual SZ indicating strain partitioning. After peak strength, the fault rocks weaken slightly (40 – 140 MPa) and continue to deform at approximately constant and high stress levels (τ ∼ 0.45 – 1.2 GPa) up to a finite shear strain of ∼ 5. Peak stress as well as the stress level during steady-state deformation exhibits a strong temperature dependence and a weak strain rate dependence indicating a viscous component of deformation.
With increasing strain and temperature, the amount of the slip zones increases (up to ∼ 25 %) indicating either strain hardening in the nanocrystalline, partly amorphous material, or that geometrical constraints do not allow continuous operation of the SZ. After peak strength, the SZ form a through going interconnected, anastomozing network. Deformation continues to localize within the SZ and the material changes its microstructure further. Around 90% of this material is amorphous to the TEM beam in zones, which accommodated high local strains (γ > 5). Turbulent flow structures and a very heterogeneous chemical composition develops in the high strain SZ which cover roughly ∼ 1% of the sample volume exploiting some of the pre-existing SZ and seem to form a multiply-connected topology, in contrast to SZ which accommodated lower strains. Crystalline fragments and nanocrystalline material is often incorporated into the high strain SZ and at highest stresses and lowest temperatures (300°C), small bubbles (∼ 15 nm – 1 μm) appear. This material is preferentially observed at high stress sites and shows intrusive relationships with the surrounding fine-grained material forming injection veins.
The calculated temperature increase at the fault is small (max ∼ 2.5°C) as the displacement rate was slow and the heat conduction high. Based on inspection of the microstructures and mechanical data, it is inferred that the fragment loaded, amorphous material exhibited a fluid-like rheology, i.e. shear stress was proportional to shear strain rate. However the microstructural record down to ångstöm scales is not compatible with the material being a liquid (in the sense of being molten above its liquidus temperature) and indicates that the loss of long-range order was achieved by mechanical work.
Our results indicate, that faults can build up significant stresses at the brittle-viscous transition leading to extreme grain comminution and amorphization. By comparison of the experimentally produced microstructures to microstructures observed in natural pseudotachylites, we conclude that the material produced during the experiments could be identified as a pseudotachylite in nature. However, pseudotachylites are currently being interpreted as high-temperature frictional melts that can form exclusively during earthquakes. Nevertheless, the fragment loaded amorphous material produced during the experiments did form neither fast nor at high temperatures, causing a conundrum. Some natural pseudotachylites are found under conditions, which are considered “paradoxical” under the assumption that all pseudotachylites originated as frictional melts. Our observations open new possibilities how to resolve these paradoxes. It is concluded that the use of pseudotachylites as evidence for ancient earthquakes should be reconsidered
Charge-voltage relationship of the first impulse corona in long airgaps
No full textThis paper investigates the relationship between the charge Qi of the first impulse corona and the associated inception voltage Ui for a 1 m point-plane airgap submitted to impulse voltages. Experimental studies under both polarities are reported; the Qi-Ui characteristics obtained allow empirical quadratic relationships between these two quantities to be derived. A physical interpretation is proposed by considering the established characteristics of the first impulse corona. The Gauss and Ampère-Maxwell laws can be applied and the quadratic Q i-Ui relationship is justified by the present model. © 2005 IOP Publishing Ltd.Fil: Ortéga, P.. University Of French Polynesia;Fil: Heilbronner, F.. Universitat Technical Zu Munich; AlemaniaFil: Rühling, F.. Universitat Technical Zu Munich; AlemaniaFil: Diaz, Ricardo Ruben. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucumán; ArgentinaFil: Rodière, M.. University Of French Polynesia
Functional membrane microdomains and the hydroxamate siderophore transporter ATPase FhuC govern Isd-dependent heme acquisition in Staphylococcus aureus
No full textSufficient access to transition metals such as iron is essential for bacterial proliferation and their active limitation within host tissues effectively restricts infection. To overcome iron limitation, the invasive pathogen Staphylococcus aureus uses the iron-regulated surface determinant (Isd) system to acquire hemoglobin-derived heme. While heme transport over the cell wall is well understood, its transport over the membrane is hardly investigated. In this study, we show the heme-specific permease IsdF to be energized by the general ATPase FhuC. Additionally, we show that IsdF needs appropriate location within the membrane for functionality. The membrane of S. aureus possesses special compartments (functional membrane microdomains [FMMs]) to organize membrane complexes. We show IsdF to be associated with FMMs, to directly interact with the FMM scaffolding protein flotillin A (FloA) and to co-localize with the latter on intact bacterial cells. Additionally, Isd-dependent bacterial growth required FMMs and FloA. Our study shows that Isd-dependent heme acquisition requires a highly structured cell envelope to allow coordinated transport over the cell wall and membrane and it gives the first example of a bacterial nutrient acquisition system that depends on FMMs.German Center of Infection Research
Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft
Fortuene Program University Hospital Tuebingen
Spanish Ministry of Science
Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft
Grant reference number
TTU 08.708_00
EXC 2124 - 390838134
2507-0-0
PID2020-115699GB-100
398967434 -TRR261
Author
Simon Heilbronner
Simon Heilbronner
Simon Heilbronner
Daniel Lopez
Simon HeilbronnerPeer reviewe
Mineral reaction and deformation in Plagioclase-Olivine composites : an experimental study
No full textDeformation and metamorphism of rocks are fundamentally interrelated but the ways in which processes of reaction and deformation mutually influence each other are still poorly understood in natural rocks. The aim of this thesis is to investigate relationships between plastic deformation and mineral reactions, by means of rock deformation experiments. Within this broad aim, the thesis focuses on (1) the spatial distribution of deformation and reaction during ductile shear, (2) the effect of mineral reactions on the strength, deformation mechanisms and microstructures of dry rocks and (3) the effect of ductile shear deformation on kinetics and mechanisms of a dry net-transfer reaction. To these ends, water-deficient plagioclase-olivine composites were studied after shear deformation and hydrostatic experiments inside and outside their chemical stability fields, using a Griggs apparatus. Experiments were performed on anorthite-forsterite (An92 -Fo93 ) and labradorite-forsterite (An60 -Fo93 ) composites at 900◦ C, confining pressures between 1000-1600 MPa and with constant shear strain rates of γ ∼5x10−5 s−1 . ˙ The hydrostatic and deformed samples were examined by backscattered scanning electron microscopy (BSEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). At all chosen confining pressures, stable labradorite-olivine composites are found to strain-harden during shear deformation, up to stresses close to the brittle-plastic transition (τ ∼500-780 MPa). Pure olivine and labradorite samples are less strong (τ ∼350 and 100 MPa, respectively) than the labradorite-olivine composites. The pure olivine sample displayed low temperature plasticity, accompanied by some dynamic recrystallisation. The hardening of the labradorite-olivine composites is probably due to the inhibition of grain boundary migration by inter-phase boundaries, which prevent recovery. The prevention of recovery results in labradorite and olivine grains with local high dislocation densities. At all chosen confining pressures, concurrent plastic deformation and reaction of metastable anorthite-olivine composites results in a pronounced decrease in shear stress (τ ∼150 MPa). The onset of weakening coincides with the formation of fine-grained polyphase reaction products (size ∼0.25-1.0 µm). The onset of steady-state flow (γ >5, τ ∼200 MPa) is characterised by the coalescence of these products into interconnecting layers. The fine-grained reaction products deform by grain size sensitive creep. Fabric analysis using the autocorrelation function shows a strong correlation on a sample scale between reaction progress and strain; large shear strain is locally associated with high reaction progress. On a grain scale the applied strain is localised and accommodated in the interconnecting layers of reaction products. Strain accommodation in reaction product layers reduces the strain rate in the reacting anorthite and
olivine grains, which, as a result, are able to undergo recovery by dislocation climb.
The reaction weakening mechanism in anorthite-olivine composites is grain size reduction
by crystallisation of fine-grained polyphase reaction products, which deform
by diffusion-accommodated grain boundary sliding. The reaction causes a change in
deformation mechanism from grain size insensitive creep of the anorthite-olivine composite
to grain size sensitive creep of reaction products. The measured reduction of
shear stress at a constant strain rate confirms this change in the dominant deformation
mechanism of the samples.
The growth rates of enstatite and pyroxene-spinel-garnet reaction rims observed
around olivine and plagioclase indicate that reaction at hydrostatic and water-deficient
conditions is controlled by the limited transport of chemical components. The amount
of pressure overstepping in the experiments affects the reaction progress because the
rate of nucleation increases exponentially with the Gibbs free energy of reaction (the
amount of pressure overstepping for pressure-sensitive reactions). Nevertheless, the
studied reactions display a delayed onset of nucleation of new phases (30 to �80 hrs),
even at pressure overstepping of 700 to 900 MPa.
The plastic deformation of anorthite-olivine composites was found to enhance the
studied mineral reactions at water-deficient conditions. This enhancement is shown by
the increase of reaction progress as well as the increase of the nucleation and growth
rates of reaction rims during deformation. The reaction between anorthite and olivine is
enhanced by an increase in the nucleation rate of new phases. The increased nucleation
rate may be due to high dislocation densities in the reactant grains that deform by
low-temperature plasticity. The mechanical transport of reaction products by grain
boundary sliding may change the local equilibrium conditions, which, in combination
with slow diffusion and fast nucleation, results in the formation of metastable kyanite.
In summary, this experimental study shows that concurrent plastic deformation
and reaction processes in plagioclase-olivine composites positively influence each other:
rheological weakening may result from mineral reactions, and the localisation of reaction
progress in shear zones can be enhanced by plastic deformation. The results of this
thesis imply that concurrent deformation and reaction at water-deficient conditions are
of major importance in explaining how and why strain localisation occurs in polyphase
rocks under a large range of geological conditions
F21. EFFECTS OF POLYGENIC SCORES FOR A COMMON EXECUTIVE FUNCTION FACTOR ON THE LONGITUDINAL COURSE OF EXECUTIVE FUNCTIONS
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