33 research outputs found
Piperacillin-Tazobactam monotherapy in high-risk febrile and neutropenic cancer patients
No full textFebrile neutropenia in children
No full textFever is frequent in neutropenic patients and often related to infection. Two major concepts, have contributed to the marked mortality decrease of those patients by the end of the 1960s: firstly, the duration and severity of neutropenia were the most important variables linked to infection and secondly, prompt administration of broad-spectrum antimicrobials empirically, was life-saving. At the same time it was universally admitted that a careful daily examination of all portals of entry for micro-organisms was mandatory and that laboratory and imaging investigations were needed at regular intervals, keeping constantly in mind the individual type and stage of immunosuppression. Through many studies, paediatricians contributed markedly in standardisation of management of febrile neutropenic patients. Neutropenic patients are not equally prone to infections, partly due to the underlying cancer, chemotherapy and co-morbidity factors. Neutropenic children are not only vulnerable to bacteria, fungi and viruses commonly encountered in adults, but also to common viruses and bacteria. Very few studies included a viral work-up. Epidemiological new trends are observed: Gram-positive bacteria and fungi are on the rise. Simplifying and shortening antibiotic regimens were made possible because new potent antibiotics were launched. Since the mid-1980s, many paediatric centres commonly discharge patients before complete bone marrow recovery, provided that patients meet certain low-risk criteria and do not exhibit any clinical or biological evidence of bacterial infection. However, a few prospective randomised studies have been conducted for assessing the safety of early antibiotics discontinuation and safe early discharge. The choice of oral agents up to now was complicated by the reluctance using fluoroquinolones in children. New challenges are numerous in terms of diagnostic tools, detection of epidemiological trends and emerging pathogens, identification and control of nosocomial threats including drug resistance, assessment of the real impact of prophylaxis, evaluation of new agents, the need for more accurate risk scoring systems, outpatient management and the necessity for an optimal use of resources. Copyright (C) 2000 Elsevier Science B.V.SCOPUS: ar.jinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishe
Monotherapy with meropenem versus combination therapy with ceftazidime plus amikacin as empiric therapy for fever in granulocytopenic patients with cancer
No full textOral versus Intravenous Empirical Antimicrobial Therapy for Fever in Patients with Granulocytopenia Who Are Receiving Cancer Chemotherapy
No full textVancomycin versus placebo for treating persistent fever in patients with neutropenic cancer receiving piperacillin-tazobactam monotherapy
No full textMonotherapy with meropenem versus combination therapy with ceftazidime plus amikacin as empiric therapy for fever in granulocytopenic patients with cancer
No full textSeparation of urinary ultraviolet-absorbing metabolites by high-pressure liquid chromatography using a commercially available analytical unit
No full textReal-time PCR for determining capsular serotypes of Haemophilus influenzae.
No full textA two-step real-time PCR assay targeting all six capsulation loci of Haemophilus influenzae (i.e. serotypes a to f) was developed and compared with a previously published qualitative PCR assay by using 131 H. influenzae clinical isolates. There was a 98.5% concordance between the two tests. The sensitivity of detection of capsular type-specific reference strains of H. influenzae a to c (10(1) CFU/PCR) was higher than that for type e (10(3) CFU/PCR) and types d and f (10(4) CFU/PCR), and a broader dynamic range was obtained (5 to 8 log(10) units). No cross-reaction was observed with bacteria commonly isolated from the respiratory tract. We showed that both PCR assays are more reliable than slide agglutination serotyping. The real-time PCR-based assay seems to be an alternative of choice for the epidemiological follow-up of H. influenzae invasive infections.Journal Articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishe
A phase I determination of azithromycin in plasma during a 6-week period in normal volunteers after a standard dose of 500 mg once daily for 3 days
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Outpatient and home parenteral antibiotic therapy (OHPAT) in low-risk febrile neutropenia: Consensus statement of a Belgian panel
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