174 research outputs found
Introduction to extraction in food processing
No full textIntroduction to extraction in food processing
Lebovka N, Vorobiev E, Chemat F (eds): Enhancing Extraction Processes in the Food
Industry
Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press (Taylor and Francis Group), 2012, pp 1-24,
ISBN 978-1-4398-4593-This chapter is strictly introductory. It aims to provide an overview of solvent extrac-tion technology in general, so that the reader can place in context the detailed topics in subsequent chapters. It contains essentially no new information, so the reader will look in vain for detailed references to most of the issues discussed. Much can be found in standard
Chemical engineering texts. Texts such as Rydberg et al. (2004) or the earlier Lo et al. (1983) handbook provide much depth about the technology, but nothing about its application
in food processing. Schügerl’s (1994) monograph has some very relevant material, although
its focus is definitely on biotechnology rather than food technology. A recent encyclopedic
review of food technology (Campbell-Platt 2009) devotes a scant two pages to the topic of solvent extraction
Introduction to extraction in food processing
No full textIntroduction to extraction in food processing
Lebovka N, Vorobiev E, Chemat F (eds): Enhancing Extraction Processes in the Food
Industry
Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press (Taylor and Francis Group), 2012, pp 1-24,
ISBN 978-1-4398-4593-This chapter is strictly introductory. It aims to provide an overview of solvent extrac-tion technology in general, so that the reader can place in context the detailed topics in subsequent chapters. It contains essentially no new information, so the reader will look in vain for detailed references to most of the issues discussed. Much can be found in standard
Chemical engineering texts. Texts such as Rydberg et al. (2004) or the earlier Lo et al. (1983) handbook provide much depth about the technology, but nothing about its application
in food processing. Schügerl’s (1994) monograph has some very relevant material, although
its focus is definitely on biotechnology rather than food technology. A recent encyclopedic
review of food technology (Campbell-Platt 2009) devotes a scant two pages to the topic of solvent extraction
Histo-cytochemistry and scanning electron microscopy of lavender glandular trichomes following conventional and microwave-assisted hydrodistillation of essential oils: a comparative study
No full textThe conventional hydrodistillation method (HD) has been compared with three different variants of the microwave-assisted hydrodistillation technique (MADH), on Lavandula anguslifolia flowers, both in terms of oil yield and effects on the glandular trichome morpho-structure. The amount and composition of essential oil extracted in 4 h by HD was similar to that obtained in only 20 min by MADH and even lower than that extracted with a steam variant (MASD) of MADH itself. Histo-cytochemical investigations and scanning electron microscopy showed that glandular trichome, after 4 h of HD, appeared swollen, with a deeply wrinkled surface and empty of essential oil, however maintaining the integrity of their cuticle. Many oil droplets were stuck to the outside of the trichome cuticle, sometimes arranged in large aggregates. After 20 min of MADH or MASD, trichomes appeared empty as well, but also particularly disrupted, or at least with holes in their head cuticle. Oil droplets were present outside the glands and in the inter-rib regions of the flower calyx, except in the case of MASD. After this extraction method, neither oil droplets nor other lipid staining were present in the samples, confirming the effectiveness of this particular MADH technique. These investigations suggest that the rapidity of MADH and MASD in extracting essential oil is mainly due to the collapse of trichome structure and the consequent direct release of its content, without which it has to slowly permeate through membranes and cuticle, as in the case of HD. Copyrigh
Ultrasound and deep eutectic solvents: An efficient combination to tune the mechanism of steviol glycosides extraction
No full textUltrasound-assisted extraction is widely recognized as an eco-friendly technique due to low solvent consumption and time extraction as well as enhanced extraction efficiency with respect to conventional methods. Nevertheless, it would be convenient to avoid the usually used organic solvents to reduce the environment pollution. In this regard, Deep Eutectic Solvents (DES) represent nowadays a green and sustainable alternative for the extraction of bioactive compounds from natural sources. In this study, an efficient extraction of stevioside and rebaudioside A from Stevia rebaudiana coupling ultrasound with DES was developed. A solvent screening was performed using the predictive approach COnductor-like Screening MOdel for Real Solvent (COSMO-RS). The effect of three independent variables, namely % of water, temperature, and sonication amplitude, were investigated by the response surface methodology (RSM). Comparing ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) with conventional extraction, it has been demonstrated that the amount of steviol glycosides through UAE is almost three times higher than that obtained by the conventional method. Possible physicochemical factors involved in the UAE mechanism were discussed
Pulsed Electrical Discharges : Principles and Application to Extraction of Biocompounds
No full textIn N.LEBOVKA, E. VOROBIEV, F. CHEMAT, Enhancing Extraction Processes in the Food Industry, CRC Press, Boca Ranton, chap.
Oleaster Oil Positively Modulates Plasma Lipids in Humans
No full textThe olive tree had been domesticated during the early Neolithic in the Near East, and more than 1000 different cultivars have been identified to date. However, examples of wild olive trees (Olea europaea oleaster) can still be found in the Mediterranean basin. Evidence of oleaster use for oil production can be found in historical and sacred texts, such as the Odyssey, the Holey Koran, and the Holey Bible. While the nutritional and healthful properties of olive oil are actively being explored, there are no data on the human actions of oleaster oil. Therefore, we investigated the effect of prolonged, i.e., 1 month, consumption of oleaster oil on the lipid profile of a 40 healthy Algerian subjects (aged 27.9 +/- 3.85 years), as compared to nonconsumers from the same area. Plasma urea, creatinine, and uric acid concentrations and glycemia did not significantly differ, at the end of the study, between controls and oleaster-oil-supplemented subjects. Conversely, we recorded significant decreases of plasma triglyceride concentration (-24.8%; p < 0.05), total cholesterol (-12.13%; p < 0.05), and low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) (-24.39%; p < 0.05) in oleaster-oil-treated subjects. Concomitantly, high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) concentrations were significantly increased (17.94%; p < 0.05) by oleaster oil administration. In conclusion, we show that oil obtained from feral olive trees, i.e., oleasters, improves the plasma lipid profile of healthy volunteers
Omega-3 Extraction from Anchovy Fillet Leftovers with Limonene: Chemical, Economic, and Technical Aspects
No full textWe investigate selected chemical, technical, and economic aspects of the production of fish oil rich in polyunsaturated omega-3 fatty acids from anchovy filleting leftovers using d-limonene as the extraction solvent at ambient temperature and pressure. Entirely derived from the orange peel prior to orange squeezing for juice production, the bio-based solvent is easily recovered, affording a circular economy process with significant potential for practical applications
High Yields of Shrimp Oil Rich in Omega-3 and Natural Astaxanthin from Shrimp Waste
No full textA valued marine oil rich in omega-3 lipids and natural astaxanthin is obtained with remarkably high yield (up to 5 wt %) extending to pink shrimp waste (head and carapace) using the approach to extract fish oil from fish processing byproducts using d-limonene. Biobased limonene is an excellent solvent for both unsaturated lipids and astaxanthin-based carotenoids preventing oxidative degradation during the extraction cycle including solvent separation at 85 °C. Explaining the deep red color of the shrimp oil obtained, computational simulation suggests that d-limonene is also a good solvent for natural astaxanthin abundant in shrimp
High voltage electrical discharges as an alternative extraction process of phenolic and volatile compounds from wild thyme (Thymus Serpyllum l.) : in silico and experimental approaches for solubility assessment
No full textThe objective of this study was to evaluate the potential of green solvents for extractions of bioactive compounds (BACs) and essential oils from wild thyme (Thymus serpyllum L.) using theoretical and experimental procedures. Theoretical prediction was assessed by Hansen solubility parameters (HSPs) and conductor-like screening model for realistic solvents (COSMO-RS), to predict the most suitable solvents for extraction of BACs. An experimental procedure was performed by nonthermal technology high voltage electrical discharge (HVED) and it was compared with modified conventional extraction (CE). Obtained extracts were analyzed for chemical and physical changes during the treatment. Theoretical results for solution of BACs in ethanol and water, as green solvents, were confirmed by experimental results, while more accurate data was given by COSMO-RS assessment than HSPs. Results confirmed high potential of HVED for extraction of BACs and volatile compounds from wild thyme, in average, 2.03 times higher yield of extraction in terms of total phenolic content was found compared to CE. The main phenolic compound found in wild thyme extracts was rosmarinic acid, while the predominant volatile compound was carvacrol. Obtained extracts are considered safe and high-quality source reach in BACs that could be further used in functional food production
Microwave-ultrasound combined reactor suitable for atmospheric sample preparation procedure of biological and chemical products
No full textA compact apparatus in which a specific position can be irradiated by microwaves (MW) and ultrasound (US) simultaneously has been developed. The MW-US reactor has been designed for atmospheric pressure digestion and dissolution of biological and chemical products. The reactor can treat a range of throughputs of 0.1 to 10 grams of a liquid or solid sample. Its application in analytical chemistry has been shown by two examples where decreases in digestion and dissolution time were demonstrated: determination of copper in olive oil and dissolution of refractory mineral material Co3O4. Simultaneous microwave and ultrasound irradiation is shown as a new technique for atmospheric pressure digestion and dissolution of solid and liquid samples suitable for chemical and biological analysis
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