1,721,332 research outputs found
Eritrean Mobility and Cultural Heritage. New Frontiers of the Horn of Africa. An overview of the project
No full textEritrea achieved its independence in 1991 after thirty years of war with Ethiopia. As
already mentioned, in 2018 the borders with Ethiopia were re-opened, but currently
the commercial border is closed, therefore, an increase of traffic is still to come. At
the present time the Eritrean road is mainly used for connecting coastal lowlands
and highlands, and for national transfers, but we must keep in mind that the road
will be a strategic asset of paramount relevance in the Horn of Africa.
The challenges of the EMotion Project are a new mobility preserving the pre-existing
historic infrastructure: an extraordinary and vulnerable cultural heritage. It consists
of a unique road and railway network crossing natural and cultural landscapes and
connecting archaeological, historical-artistic and architectural sites; but above all it
is itself the summation of artefacts and monuments to be preserved, protected and
enhanced.
The main axis considered in this project is the Asmara-Massawa road: 120 km,
difference in elevation 2,300 m, single carriageway, with about thirty civil important
historical structures. Besides being a road for trade and transport, this strategic
axis represents an extraordinary opportunity to design an original and innovative
itinerary.
The new model of smart mobility and the possible future vision of the project can
represent the ideal and real bridge, capable of transferring knowledge, goods, ideas,
values and of connecting people, as well as reuniting historically and culturally
related places and paths. The new role of infrastructures will be pivotal.
The historic system of the colonial period can now become an instrument of
valorization and commercial/cultural/touristic development, but it needs to be safe,
equipped, easily accessible and managed with sustainable mobility criteria.
A key factor therefore is the role of the transport network, which will have to be
designed taking into account the current meaning of sustainable mobility, which
must consider the development policies of urban and territorial areas, cultural
heritage, energy efficiency and environmental quality and its replicability in other
contexts.
The EMotion project aims to provide a set of integrated solutions for sustainable
development, for the valorization and fruition of cultural heritage through the
activation of innovative high-profile research lines, thanks also to the contribution
of the stakeholders, partners and companies involved
Valore nutritivo dei vari tipi di latte il latte come alimento funzionale
No full textVengono illustrate le potenzialità del latte di diverse specie quale fonte naturale di componenti bioattive con effetti positivi sulla salute dell’uomo. Nella valutazione di quella che è la ridefinizione del ruolo funzionale del latte, alcune componenti bioattive sono oggetto di ricerca da numerosi anni, altre stanno ricevendo attenzione nell’ultimo decennio. Vengono inoltre presentati alcuni approcci nutrizionali che permettono di migliorare le proprietà funzionali del latte nonchè approcci tecnologici per la progettazione e formulazione di nuovi prodotti specifici destinati a diverse classi di popolazione
An in vitro approach to mammary gland biology and nutrition
No full textThe presentation describes several in vitro cellular models and their application in the field of mammary gland biology and nutritio
Latte e formaggi di capra : componenti bioattive e loro ruolo nutrizionale
No full textViene discusso il ruolo nutrizionale e funzionale del latte e dei formaggi di capra, con particolare riferimento alle componenti bioattive con effetti positivi sulla salute dell’uomo
Analisi dei mangimi : metodiche analitiche emergenti
No full textScopo della presentazione è quello di descrivere le principali metodologie emergenti nell'analisi dei mangimi. In particolare vengono discusse le potenzialità dei sensi elettronici e dei cell-based bioassy per la valutazione della qualità e sicurezza dei mangimi
Mycotoxin mechanisms of action and health effects : in vitro or in vivo tests, that's the question
No full textMycotoxins are toxic secondary metabolites of fungi and represent significant food safety challenges. Despite efforts to control fungal contamination, mycotoxins can contaminate food and feed materials, enter the body via ingestion of contaminated foods, and elicit acute and chronic adverse effects, as determined by animal studies, in vitro bioassays, and human epidemiological studies. It is difficult to get a complete understanding and an adequate modeling of mycotoxin health effects due to the complexity of the interactions between the numerous factors affecting the magnitude of mycotoxin toxicity, such as species sensitivity, level and time of exposure, individual sensitivity, age, health, nutritional status, bioaccessibility, mechanisms/modes of action, metabolism, and defense mechanisms. In vivo investigations may provide information on mycotoxin net effects in whole animals, whereas cell-specific answers may result from in vitro investigations. Within in vitro systems, cell based tests, representing simplified biological systems, have become more and more realistic and representative of in vivo condition, and, therefore, may offer a suitable alternative to in vivo animal testing. The presentation will show examples of in vivo and in vitro tests for mycotoxin research. Advantages, drawbacks and technical problems regarding specific applications of each model test, the link between in vitro versus in vivo tests, the relevance of in vitro tests compared to in vivo test, and the predictive efficacy of in vitro tests will be discussed. The translation of in vitro data into meaningful in vivo effects remains an unsolved problem. Results of in vitro studies indicate that there is only partial agreement with those obtained in in vivo experiments. However, some emerging evidence of good in vitro tests is arising. Although we cannot yet simply extrapolate the results obtained in in vitro study to the in vivo exposure of humans and animals to mycotoxins, in vitro tests provide insights into how mycotoxins in food might enter into the organism and the mechanisms of action to attain health effects. An understanding of the mode of action in simple in vitro systems can provide a rational basis for predicting health effect of single and multi-mycotoxin contamination before any animal or human clinical studies. In conclusion, in vitro and in vivo tests are complementary approaches to understand the “whole mycotoxin picture”, and lead to improved understanding of dietary relevant mycotoxin exposure and risk scenarios
Mycotoxins in silage : checkpoints for effective management and control
No full textSilage making increased considerably from the 1960s. At present, this practice is considered one of the most appropriate to preserve forage over extended time periods and to maintain nutritional value comparable to fresh pastures. Silage is widely used in farms and has a substantial role in animal production systems. Forage silage, as a source of mycotoxigenic fungi and mycotoxins, merits attention. The contribution of silages to total mycotoxin intake could be significant and sometimes greater than that of compound feed in ruminant diet, as forages are the main dry matter component. For dairy ruminants, the problem does not end in animal disease or production losses as the carry-over to milk and dairy products of mycotoxins or their metabolic products may eventually affect human health. Based on the increasing amounts of research, it is becoming clear that mycotoxins represent an unavoidable risk. When it comes to managing the challenge of moulds and mycotoxins in silages there are many factors with pre- and postharvest origins to take into account. Pre harvest is dictated by environment factors, whereas postharvest (silage making practices, differences in physical properties and environmental conditions within a silo, feed out phase) can be largely controlled by the farmer. Therefore, an effective mycotoxin management and control program should be personalized to each farm at an integrative level all along the silage production chain: crop growth in the field, silage making practices, and feed out phase.
The presentation will summarize the current knowledge regarding mycotoxin occurrence in silage as well as factors affecting their concentrations and distribution at harvest and during ensiling. With a specific focus on maize silage and grass silage, specific information and suggestions for “in field” decision making to precisely manage the mycotoxin burden and evaluate the acceptability for its use as animal feed will be given. The impact of sampling and analysis will also be discusse
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