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Manuale di letteratura italiana. Storia per generi e problemi. 4. Dall’Unità d’Italia alla fine del Novecento
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Manuale di letteratura italiana. Storia per generi e problemi. 2. Dal Cinquecento alla metà del Settecento
No full textManuale di letteratura italiana. Storia per generi e problemi. 3. Dalla metà del Settecento all’Unità d’Italia
No full textManuale di letteratura italiana. Storia per generi e problemi. 1. Dalle origini alla fine del Quattrocento
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Rapid injection of propofol and dexmedetomidine for induction of general anaesthesia in dogs : sedative, analgesic, haemodynamic and respiratory effects
No full textThe aim of this study was to evaluate two
combinations of propofol and dexmedetomidine for
induction of general anaesthesia in dogs. Twenty-seven dogs (ASA I-II) were assigned into
two groups. Baseline values for HR, PR, ECG, fR,
MAP, SAP, DAP and body temperature were
recorded. Both groups received a rapid bolus of
propofol (2.2 mg kg)1 IV) immediately followed by
rapid bolus of dexmedetomidine: 2 lg kg)1 IV
(group A) or 3 lg kg)1 IV (group B). Quality of
induction, intubation time and adverse effects were
recorded. Measurements were repeated 1, 2, 5, 10,
15 minutes after drug administration with the
addition of PE¢CO2, SpO2, sedation score and painful
stimulus test (Fernandez et al. 2005). Data were
analyzed using ANOVA with repeated measures
(physiological variables) and Mann–Whitney U test
(sedation and analgesia) (p < 0.05).
Induction quality, sedation score and intubation
time (A: 1.8 ± 1.12 minutes, B: 2.5 ± 1.72 minutes)
were similar between groups. Heart rate
decreased after drug administration (A: 115 ± 19
to 69 ± 18, B: 109 ± 20 to 59 ± 17) as did fR (A:
66 ± 15 to 16 ± 7, B: 59 ± 19 to 21 ± 5). Both
variables were not statistically different between
groups but statistically lower than baseline in each
group at each timepoint. Blood pressure was statistically
higher in both groups than baseline levels
at each timepoint (MAP: baseline A: 103 ± 22, B:
98 ± 14, after induction A: 127 ± 25, B: 111 ±
18). Body temperature and PE¢CO2 were similar,
SpO2 was statistically higher in group B. No apnoea
(>30 seconds) or emesis were recorded. No patients
required additional propofol for intubation.
Both protocols were effective in producing induction
of general anaesthesia in healthy dogs, allowing
intubation without significant side effects.
Reference: Fernandez JG, Parodi E, Garcia P et al.
(2005) Clinical action of subarachnoid sevoflurane
in vivo: a study in dogs. British J Anaesth 95(4),
530–534
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