1,181 research outputs found
Nanomaterials and Cross-Cutting Technologies for Fostering Smart Electrochemical Biosensors in the Detection of Chemical Warfare Agents
No full textThe smart, rapid, and customizable detection of chemical warfare agents is a huge issue for taking the proper countermeasures in a timely fashion. The printing techniques have established the main pillar to develop miniaturized electrochemical biosensors for onsite and fast detection of nerve and mustard agents, allowing for a lab on a chip in the chemical warfare agent sector. In the fast growth of novel technologies, the combination of miniaturized electrochemical biosensors with flexible electronics allowed for the delivery of useful wearable sensors capable of fast detection of chemical warfare agents. The wearable microneedle sensor array for minimally invasive continuous electrochemical detection of organophosphorus nerve agents, as well as the wearable paper-based origami functionalized with nanomaterials for mustard agents in the gas phase, represent two examples of the forefront devices developed in the chemical warfare agent detection field. This review will highlight the most promising electrochemical biosensors developed by exploiting nanomaterials and cross-cutting technologies for the fabrication of smart and sensitive electrochemical biosensors for the detection of chemical warfare agents
Dall'Asta A, Ghi T, Rizzo G, Cancemi A, Aloisio F, Arduini D, Pedrazzi G, Figueras F, Frusca T
No full textPaper as a Sustainable Material for Smart Electrochemical (Bio)sensors with Unprecedented Features: A Perspective
No full textThis perspective has the overriding goal of reporting the tipping points in the roadmap of electrochemical paper-based analytical devices by harnessing the multiple paper characteristics such as cost-effectiveness, widespread accessibility, mechanical strength, porosity, and capability to be easily cut, folded, modified, and assembled. The use of paper in electrochemical devices not only provides additional features to the electrochemical devices such as the environmentally friendless, ease multiplexed analysis, and three tridimensional structures by folding and unfolding operations but has broken down barriers for delivering measurement without (i) addition of reagents, (ii) sample treatment for liquid, aerosol, and solid samples, and (iii) any additional pump for microfluidics. I lay out the advantages of using paper for the design of multifarious electrochemical devices, underlying the next steps in the paper-based electrochemical device roadmap
Wireless real-time monitoring of oestradiol in sweat
No full textAn aptamer-based nanobiosensor has been integrated into a wearable sweat sensor, allowing non-invasive tracking of the female reproductive hormone, oestradiol, with the potential to deliver sustainable solutions to female reproductive healthcare needs
Monoenzymatic amperometric biosensor for fhysostigmine detection based on screen-printed electrode modified with cobalt phtalocyanine-carbon black nanocomposite
No full textPhysostigmine salicylate is a carbamate drug acting as reversible acetylcholinesterase (AChE)
inhibitor [1]. The presence in the waste water of drug residues which act as AChE inhibitor is a
major problem due to their potential toxicity toward humans and animals and therefore a sensitive
and fast detection method is of great importance. Only few amperometric biosensors are reported in
literature for carbamate drug detection and most of them are bi-enzymatic, based on the coimmobilization
of two enzymes, AChE and choline oxidase (ChO) [2]. One possible way to bypass
the use of two enzymes is the use of thiocoline, the non-natural substrate of AChE. The inhibition
degree of AchE can be monitored by the oxidation of enzymatically generated thiocoline (TCh). On
unmodified electrodes TCh is oxidised at very high potentials (+700 mV vs Ag/AgCl) and for these
reasons various mediators have been used in order to reduce the overpotential as well as problems
of surface passivation [3].
In this work, a novel monoenzymatic biosensor for physostigmine detection was developed based
on a screen-printed electrode (SPE) modified with a stable dispersion of cobalt phthalocyanine and
commercially available carbon black (CB). This probe showed significantly enhanced
electrochemical activity relative to a bare SPE towards TCh allowing amperometric detection of
TCh at very low applied potentials (+50 mV vs Ag/AgCl) with a linearity range from 0.03 to 0.08
mM and a detection limit of 0.01 mM.
The modified SPE was, then, used as substrate for the immobilization of AChE. We found a kM
app
for acethlthiocholine of 0.28 ± 0.05 mM, in good agreement with the KM (0.20-0.22 mM)
determined for the free enzyme in solution [4].
Analytical parameters such as mediator and enzyme concentration, substrate concentration and
incubation time for reversible inhibition of physostigmine were studied in order to optimize and
improve the elecrochemical performances of the biosensor.
Under optimum conditions, the physostigmine biosensor showed a very low detection limit (0.8
nM), good reproducibility and stability.
It is, therefore, suitable for future trace detection of physostigmine residue in wastewaters.
[1] I.B. Wilson, M.A. Harrison, S. Ginsburg, 1961, J. Biol. Chem., 1961, 236, 1498-1500.
[2] M. LeDoux, J, Chrom. A, 2011, 1218, 1021-1036.
[3] F. Arduini, A. Cassisi, A. Amine, F. Ricci, D. Moscone, G. Palleschi, J. Electroanal. Chem. 2009, 626, 66-74.
[4] F. Ricci, F. Arduini, C.S. Tuta, U.Sozzo, D. Moscone, A.Amine, G. Palleschi, Anal. Chim. Ata, 2006, 558, 164-
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Business Continuity and the Banking Industry
No full textSince the September 11th attacks on the World Trade Center (Lam, 2002), tsunami disaster and hurricane Katrina, there has been renewed interest in emergency planning in both the private and public sectors. In particular, as managers realize the size of potential exposure to unmanaged risk (Quirchmayr, 2004), insuring “business continuity” (BC) is becoming a key task within all industrial and financial sectors. Although the risk of terrorism and regulations are identified as two key factors for developing a business continuity perspective, we see that organizations need to adopt the BC approach for strategic reasons. The trend to adopt a BC approach is also a proxy for organizational change in terms of culture, structure and communications. The BC approach is increasingly viewed as a driver to generate competitive advantage in the form of resilient information systems and as an important marketing characteristic to attract and maintain customers
Advancements in analytical strategies for authentication and quality control of grappa and wine brandy with geographical indications
No full textIn recent years, food authentication has acquired significant importance due to the increase in the incidence of fraud and counterfeiting. Alcoholic beverages are among the food products most susceptible to these kinds of illicit practices due to their high commercial value. In the EU alone, there are 47 categories of spirit drinks and approximately 250 geographical indications (GIs). The production and labeling of GIs are strictly regulated, and developing analytical procedures that can ensure compliance with the legislation is essential to guarantee the typicality of these products. The aim of this review is to summarize the most relevant analytical techniques used for the authentication and quality control of two well-renowned GIs: "Grappa" and wine brandy. It considers the last decade of advancements for both conventional targeted chromatographic techniques and less common methods mainly based on spectrometry coupled with chemometrics for quick and non-destructive discrimination of samples. Novel approaches and future perspectives are also highlighted
Electrochemical paper-based devices: when the simple replacement of the support to print ecodesigned electrodes radically improves the features of the electrochemical devices
No full textPaper-based electrochemical (bio)sensors have emerged as highly attractive analytical devices for their superior sustainable features, such as avoiding the use of polyester as support and the reduction of waste, being incinerated after use. However, paper-based electrochemical (bio)sensors have recently demonstrated further advantages, including the simple combination with vertical microfluidics and their use as a reservoir to deliver smart electrochemical (bio)sensors able to i) contain the reagents, ii) preconcentrate the target analyte, and iii) synthesize the nanomaterials inside the paper network. Furthermore, these devices have demonstrated their ability to overcome the limitations of the other printed electrochemical sensors in the measurement of entirely liquid samples by detecting the target analyte in the aerosol phase or solid sample, without the additional sampling system. These achievements highlight their valuable and varied advantages in the sensing sector
Recent advances in wearable and implantable electrochemical (bio)sensors for plant health monitoring
No full textIn 2023, the World Economic Forum selected wearable plant sensors as one of the Top 10 Emerging Technologies, demonstrating that these smart analytical tools will be relevant in the next generation of agrifood practices. Considering the robustness, accuracy, and miniaturisation of electrochemical (bio)sensing tools, electrochemical-based plant sensors could be suitable devices to address the requirements for their advanced applications in the agrifood sector. This review deals with electrochemical (bio)sensors for monitoring agrochemicals, phytohormones, growth precursors, and stress biomarkers, using wearable and implantable configurations. The design and type of biocomponent and/or nanomaterial(s) used are reported, highlighting the analytical performances obtained on plants. The ongoing application of these analytical tools is discussed, and the future applications combined with Internet of Thing and Artificial Intelligence are envisioned, with the overriding aim to give an overall scenario related to plant electrochemical (bio)sensors for the next technologies in the agrifood sector
Recent advances in electrochemical paper-based analytical devices for drug analyses
No full textElectrochemical paper-based analytical devices are sustainable and smart analytical tools that have gathered relevant attention from academic and industrial sectors thanks to their multifaceted properties and versatile applications in diverse fields. This review delves into a critical overview of electrochemical paper-based analytical devices in drug measurements for sustainable quality control in pharmaceutical industries, for assessing the drug residues in wastewater and foodstuffs, and for delivering the next generation of devices for precision medicine, facing the requirements of the pharmaceutical industries, medical sector, and environmental safety. The advantages and the challenges in the development and application of electrochemical paper-based analytical devices for drug analyses in 2019-2025 are highlighted, to give a picture of the ongoing scenario and the future direction in their growth in the pharmaceutical field
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