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Figure 1 from: Huo L, Li W, Wang X (2017) Pseudaspidimerus palatus, a new species of the genus Pseudaspidimerus Kapur, 1948 from the Malay Peninsula (Coleoptera, Coccinellidae). ZooKeys 706: 109-115. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.706.18081
No full textFigure 1 -
Pseudaspidimerus palatus Huo & Wang sp. n. a dorsal view b frontal view c lateral view d female abdomen e male abdomen f female genitalia g penis h lateral view of tegmen i ventral view of tegmen
Epanerchodus bishou Liu & Huo 2020, new species
No full textEpanerchodus bishou, new species Figs 7–8 Type material: Holotype male (SCAU), China, Zhejiang Province, Tianmu Mountain Nature Reserve, 30°19.931’N, 119°26.27’E, 502 m a.s.l., 2018-X-12, Qing-Bo Huo leg. Paratypes: 1 male (SCAU), same locality and data as holotype. 1 male, 1 female (SCAU), same province, Kaihua County, Gutian, 29°14.787′N, 118°7.496′E, 435 m a.s.l., 2018-X-9, Qing-Bo Huo, Peng Gao leg. Etymology: This species epithet, bishou in Chinese meaning “dagger”, is used as a noun in apposition and emphasizes the gonopodal femorite with a prominent, long, dagger-shaped process. Diagnosis: Adult males of E. bishou n. sp. are distinct from other Epanerchodus species by the following combination of characters: (1) broad paraterga (widths of pro- and metazonae 1.6–1.8 and 3.5–3.8 mm, respectively) (Figs 7B, E, H); (2) male tibiae and tarsi with sphaerotrichomes (Fig. 8A); (3) gonopodal femorite with a prominent, long, dagger-shaped process distally and a curved finger-shaped process medially; (4) endomere tip unequally bifid (Fig. 8). The new species seems to be particularly similar to E. sphaerisetosus (from Jinhua in Zhejiang, China), but is distinguished by (1) caudolateral corners of paraterga being square (Fig. 6E) vs. acute-angled in E. sphaerisetosus; (2) exomere absent (Fig. 8) vs. exomere present in E. sphaerisetosus. Description: Based on type specimens. Lengths of both sexes ca. 16–19 mm, widths of pro- and metazonae 1.6–1.8 and 3.5–3.8 mm, respectively. Coloration: generally yellow brownish to dark brownish (Fig. 7). Body: Adults with 20 rings. Width: head <collum <ring 2 <3 <4 <5–15, thereafter (rings 16–19) body gradually tapering towards telson. Head: densely setose, epicranial suture conspicuous (Fig. 7A). Antennae long, reaching past middle of ring 3 when extended posteriorly, slightly clavate (Figs 7 A–C). Exoskeleton: Collum transversely semi-lunar, with three transverse rows of 4+4 setae and a faint lateral incision/denticle on each side. Paraterga broad (Figs 7 A–H), midbody paraterga ca. 2.0–2.2x prozonite width. Paraterga 2–3 slightly upturned dorsally above a faintly convex dorsum, following paraterga flat and subhorizontal (Figs. 7A, D, G). Caudolateral corners of paraterga nearly square, slightly projecting posteriorly past tergal margin, clearly acute only on rings 17–19 (Figs 7 G–H). Integument shining (Fig. 7), prozonae delicately alveolate. Limbus regularly denticulate (Figs 7A, D). Constriction between pro- and metazonae narrow, shallow and smooth (Figs 7B, E, H). Metatergal sculpture faint, with three irregular transverse rows of 3+3 setigerous polygonal bosses. Sulcus between front and middle rows of setae a little deeper than that between middle and caudal rows (Figs 7B, E, H). Tergal setae very short, present on rings 18–19. Three or four faint setigerous incisions at lateral margins of poreless and porebearing rings, respectively. Pore formula normal: 5, 7, 9, 10, 12, 13, 15–19, ozopores evident, dorsal, clearly set off from lateral margin and located between last and penultimate marginal incisions (Figs 7B, E, H). Epiproct short, conical, pre-apical lateral papillae evident. Hypoproct subtrapeziform, with two setigerous papillae (Figs 7 F–H). Pleurosternal carinae present only on ring 2 in both sexes. Sterna sparsely setose, cross-shaped impressions (both axial and transverse) shallow, clearly broadened between male coxae 7 and 9 (Fig. 7C). Legs: long, but stout, about 1.5 (male) or 1.2 (female) times as long as body height, prefemora not bulging laterally; sphaerotrichomes easily visible ventrally on tibiae and tarsi (Fig. 7A). Gonopods: (Figs 7C, I, 8 A–B) Coxa large and squarish, densely setose laterally and with a long seta mesally. Prefemur densely setose and nearly half the length of telopodite. Clivus, or distolateral ridge on femorite, short; femorite with a prominent, long, dagger-shaped process (p1) distally and a curved finger-shaped process (p2) medially, the latter carrying a very small tooth (t) at midway. Endomere (en) curved, unequally bifid, tip of longer branch slightly folded. Seminal groove (sg) starting mesally, distally recurved laterad near base of p2, then turning laterobasad to run into an accessory seminal chamber, the latter opening on a hairy pulvillus. An exomere absent. Remark: Tianmu Mountains is known to be the type locality of four other Diplopoda (Golovatch and Liu, unpublished data).Published as part of Liu, Weixin & Huo, Qingbo, 2020, Two new species and a new record of polydesmoid millipedes from Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces, eastern China (Diplopoda, Polydesmida), pp. 41-49 in Zootaxa 4722 (1) on pages 46-48, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4722.1.3, http://zenodo.org/record/360365
The Relationships between the Shih-huo-chih in the Sung-chao kuo-shih and the Shih-huo-chih in the Sung-shi
No full textDuring the Sung dynasty many versions of the national history were compiled. All these national histories included a chapter called Shih-huo-chih 食貨志. These versions of the Shih-huo-chih are not extant now in their original form, but fragments of them have been included in such books as the Sung-shih Shih-huo-chih 宋史食貨志, the Hsü Tzŭ-chih-t’ung-chien ch’ang-pien 續資治通鑑長編, the Wên-hsien t’ung-k’ao 文獻通考, the Yü-hai 玉海, the Huang-chao pien-nien kang-mu pei-yao 皇朝編年綱目備耍, and the Shang-t’ang ch’ün-shu k’ao-so 山堂群書考索. The original form of the Shih-huo-chih, therefore, can be traced to some extent. Among the above works, the preface to the Shih-huo-chih in the Sung-shih states that, though the chapter was based on the Shih-huo-chih in the Sung-chao kuo-shih 宋朝國史, the quotation was limited only to the facts worth quoting because otherwise the chapter would become too voluminous. Comparing, however, the chapter of the Sung-chao kuo-shih with the similar chapters of the above works, the Sung-shih Shih-huo-chih seems to have borrowed in its entirety this chapter in the Sung-chao kuo-shih. In other words, although the Sung-shih Shih-huo-chih is mostly based on the Shih-huo-chih in the Sung-chao kuo-shih, such chapters as the fang-t’ien 方田 were newly added, and the description of the Sung-chao kuo-shih is sometimes corrected or illustrated by new facts. Moreover, for the period after Li-tsung 理宗 at the end of the Southern Sung (1225~1279), the Sung-shih Shih-huo-chih has a unique description because the corresponding part of the Sung-chao kuo-shih is lacking.The author then compares the text of the Sung-shih Shih-huo-chih with that of the above books for the purpose of restoring the original form of the Shih-huo-chih in the Sung-chao kuo-shih. The Hsü Tzŭ-chih t’ung-chien ch’ang-pien not only quotes the Sung-chao kuo-shih most extensively but also exhaustively corrects its errors of the latter. The Wên-hsien t’ung-k’ao also greatly depends upon the Sung-chao kuo-shih without indicating the source, while the Yü-hai, indicating the source, borrows some passages. The Shan-t’ang ch’ün-shu k’ao-so quotes the sections covering the reigns of Chê-tsung 哲宗 and Hui-tsung 徽宗in the Sung-chao kuo-shih which are not clearly recorded in the other books. The Huang-chao pien-nien kang-mu pei-yao quotes, mostly in its notes, the description from the Sung-chao kuo-shih without indicating the source.Thus the Shih-huo-chih in the Sung-chao kuo-shih remains in the form of various versions quoted in other works and from these the author endeavors to restore part of the text of the Shih-huo-chih in the Sung-chao kuo-shih.journal articl
Inter-layer FEC aided unequal error protection for multi-layer video transmission in mobile TV
No full textLayered video coding creates multiple layers of unequal importance, which enables us to progressively refine the reconstructed video quality. When the base layer (BL) is corrupted or lost during transmission, the enhancement layers (ELs) must be dropped, regardless whether they are perfectly decoded or not, which implies that the transmission power assigned to the ELs is wasted. In this treatise, we propose an interlayer forward error correction (FEC) coded video transmission scheme for mobile TV. At the transmitter, the proposed interlayer (IL) coding technique implants the systematic information of the BL into the ELs by using exclusive-OR operations. At the receiver, the implanted bits of the ELs may be utilized for assisting in decoding the BL. Furthermore, the data partition mode of H.264 video coding is utilized as the source encoder, where the type B and type C partitions will assist in protecting the type A partition. The IL coded bitstream will then be modulated and transmitted over a multi-functional multiple-input multiple output (MF-MIMO) scheme for the sake of improving the system’s performance in mobile environments. The proposed system may be readily combined with the traditional unequal error protection (UEP) technique, where extrinsic mutual information (MI) measurements are used for characterizing the performance of our proposed technique. Finally, our simulation results show that the proposed system model outperforms the traditional UEP aided system by about 2.5 dB of Eb/N0 or 3.4 dB of peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) at the cost of 21% complexity increase, when employing a recursive systematic convolutional code. Furthermore, unlike the traditional UEP strategies, where typically stronger FEC-protection is assigned to the more important layer, employing our proposed IL coding technique requires weaker FEC to the more important layer. For example, the system relying on channel coding rates of 0.85, 0.44 and 0.44 for the type A, type B and type C H.264 video partitions, respectively, achieves the best system performance when employing a recursive systematic convolutional (RSC) code
Tibetisoperla wangluyui Huo & Du 2021, sp. nov.
No full textTibetisoperla wangluyui Huo & Du, sp. nov. (Figs. 1–11) Adult habitus: General color dark brown to black (Figs. 1, 8). Head mostly dark brown except the occiput paler. Triocellate, anterior ocellus smaller than posterior ones (Figs. 2A, 9A). Antennae and palpi dark brown. Pronotum disc rectangular (length/width = 1/1.4), black laterally and dark brown medially; rugosities present laterally (Figs.2A, 9A). Legs dark brown (Figs. 1, 8). Wings hyaline. Veins and thoracic sterna similar to Isoperla, typical of this subfamily (Figs. 2A, 3A–B). Male: Forewing length 7.2 mm, hindwing length 6.1 mm, body length 8.5 mm. Abdomen dark brown to black and slightly sclerotized. Terga 3-6 with a pair of small yellow spots medially (obscure in some individuals) (Fig. 3C). Terga 8–9 bearing paired patches of sensilla on the posterior margin. Terga 9–10 with a conspicuous pale medial line and dark longitudinal marks between the sensilla basiconica patches. Posterior half of tergum 10 bilobate, tips curved upwards with sensilla basiconica and several thicker and large setae (Figs 4A–D). Vesicle reduced to a dark semicircle on posterior margin of sternum 8 (Fig. 4E–F). Paraprocts developed and sclerotized, apex with a separate hemispheric sclerite with patch of spines (Figs. 5–6). Aedeagus columnar, membranous, covered by fine asperities but lack large sensilla or spines; apex slightly pointed, with a hemispheric transparent area on its tip (Fig. 7). Female: Forewing length 10.7 mm, hindwing length 9.1 mm, body length 10.0 mm. Body coloration similar to male (Figs. 8, 9A). Tergum 10 without sclerotized or special process. Subgenital plate broadly semicircular and sclerotized (length/width = 1/2.8), with an indistinct median notch (Fig. 9B–C). Egg: 191 µm wide, 271 µm long, including 10 µm for collar. Oval, posterior (opercular) pole regularly rounded, wide, sides of egg less arched near collar, narrowing a little towards anterior pole with collar. Chorion uniformly covered with irregular papillae. Collar 44 µm wide at recurved, wavy distal flange, with a few longitudinal crests, base deeply embedded. Anchor fungiform, evenly covered by globular bodies (Fig. 10). Nymph: Unknown. Type material: Holotype male: Tibet Autonomous Region, China: XZCQ-20-96, Meiduo Village, Quluo Township, Coqen County (riverside grassland, under the rocks) 2020-VII-29, 30°39′19.43′′ N, 85°7′54.62′′ E, 4751 m. Paratypes: Tibet Autonomous Region, China: 1♀, XZZB-20-66, Longdangbo, Qiongguo Township, Zhongba County, 2020-VII-23, 29°46"10.10" N, 83°55"36.31" E, 4556 m; 1♂, XZRT-20-79, Rutog Town, Rutog County, 2020-VII-25, 33°18′7.76′′ N, 79°41′29.87′′ E, 4288 m; 2♂♂, XZGE-20-83, Jiamu River (riverside grassland, under the rocks), Shiquanhe Town, Gar County, 2020-VII-27, 32°26"9.80" N, 80°12"12.89" E, 4340 m; 1♀, XZGJ-20-88, Qusuoma (riverside grassland), Xiongba Township, Ge'gyai County, 2020-VII-28, 32°5′44.16′′ N, 81°47′30.80′′ E, 4607 m; 2♂♂, XZCQ-20-96, Meiduo Village, Quluo Township, Coqen County (riverside grassland, under the rocks) 2020-VII-29, 30°39′19.43′′ N, 85°7′54.62′′ E, 4751 m. Leg. Wang Lu-Yu, Liu Piao, Yuan Tao, Hou Yan-Meng. Distribution: China: Tibet (Fig. 11). Etymology: The name of the species honors the collector, Mr. Wang Lu-Yu, a young researcher who is working on the taxonomy of Chinese spiders. Remark: Female of this species have no any distinctive generic character, and similar to other Isoperlinae genera.Published as part of Huo, Qing-Bo & Du, Yu-Zhou, 2021, A new genus of Isoperlinae (Plecoptera: Perlodidae) from Tibet, China, pp. 343-352 in Zootaxa 4996 (2) on pages 344-350, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4996.2.8, http://zenodo.org/record/507004
Two-Dimensional Iterative Source-Channel Decoding for Distributed Video Coding
No full textMotivated by the Joint Source-Channel Decoding (JSCD) principle of exploiting the source redundancy, in this treatise we study the application of iterative source-channel decoding (ISCD) conceived for distributed video coding (DVC), where the video signal is modelled by our Iterative Horizontal-Vertical Scanline Model (IHVSM) relying on a first-order Markov process. The IHVSM technique is combined with the classic forward error correction (FEC) codecs employed in the state-of-the-art DVC systems for the sake of reducing the bit rate. Our simulation results show that up to 21.5% bit rate reductions are achieved by employing the proposed ISCD technique in a DVC scheme. Alternatively, a peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) gain of 2.2 dB is achieved at a bitrate of 4.5 Mbps when considering the Foreman sequence
Inter-layer turbo coded unequal error protection for multi-layer video transmission
No full textIn layered video streaming, the enhancement layers (ELs) must be discarded by the video decoder, when the base layer (BL) is corrupted or lost due to channel impairments. This implies that the transmit power assigned to the ELs is wasted, when the BL is corrupted. To combat this effect, in this treatise we investigate the inter-layer turbo (IL-turbo) code, where the systematic bits of the BL are implanted into the systematic bits of the ELs at the transmitter. At the receiver, when the BL cannot be successfully decoded, the information of the ELs may be utilized by the IL-turbo decoder for the sake of assisting in decoding the BL. Moreover, for providing further insights into the IL technique the benefits of the IL-turbo scheme are analyzed using extrinsic information transfer (EXIT) charts in the scenario of unequal error protection (UEP) coded layered video transmission. Finally, our data partitioning based experiments show that the proposed scheme outperforms the traditional turbo code based UEP scheme by about an Eb/N0 of 1.1 dB at a peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) of 36 dB or 3 dB of PSNR at an Eb/N0 of -5.5 dB at the cost of a complexity increase of 13%
Fig. 17. Chilocorus alishanus Sasaji, 1968. a. Dorsal view. b. Lateral view. c. Frontal view. d. Abdomen. e–f. Female genitalia. e. Ovipositor. f in Contribution to the genus Chilocorus Leach, 1815 (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae: Chilocorini), with descriptions of two new species from China
No full textFig. 17. Chilocorus alishanus Sasaji, 1968. a. Dorsal view. b. Lateral view. c. Frontal view. d. Abdomen. e–f. Female genitalia. e. Ovipositor. f. Spermatheca. Scale bars: 0.1 mm. (NCHU)Published as part of Li, Wenjing, Huo, Lizhi, Wang, Di, Ahrens, Dirk & Wang, Xingmin, 2018, Contribution to the genus Chilocorus Leach, 1815 (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae: Chilocorini), with descriptions of two new species from China, pp. 1-34 in European Journal of Taxonomy 469 on page 22, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2018.469, http://zenodo.org/record/382499
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