36 research outputs found
IMPACT OF LACTATION STAGE AND MILK PRODUCTION ON MILK FAT FATTY ACIDS RATIO Animal Production research centre nitra, slovak republic
No full textABSTRACT Milk fat is, from a nutritional point of view, of the negative value because of the prevalent content of saturated fatty acids with high atherogenic index. intake of milk fat in the diet is important because of the content of monounsaturated fatty acids, acting favorably against cardiovascular diseases and especially of essential fatty acids: linoleic, alpha-linolenic and conjugated linoleic acid (clA), which is found only in meat and milk of ruminants. the analysis of relations of fatty acids in milk fat to qualitative-production parameters of milk shows that the correlations of fatty acids with lactation stage and qualitative-production parameters of milk are quite weak in dairy cows with stable type of nutrition in form of whole-the-year feeding mixed feed ration in lowland agricultural area. Coefficients r>0.3 for the values of lactation sum were observed at monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAsc), r = 0.467 for days, 0.307 for milk, 0.353 for fat, and 0.340 for protein total production. the most important fatty acids, as far as their content is concerned, c12:0, c14:0, c16:0, c18:0, c18:1n9, the ratio of which is higher than 5 % in milk fat and they represent together about 75 % of milk fat, show no significant relations either to sum or to daily production parameters or to the content of basic components in milk. With the exception of c16:0, palmitic acid (30.93 ± 4.81 % in milk fat), which has negative relation to daily milk (r = -0.404) and protein (r = -0.345) production. this acid has positive relation to the content of fat in milk (r = 0.444) and negative relation to the content of lactose in milk (r = -0.311). clA showed negative correlation with daily fat production (r = -0.407) and content of fat in milk (r = -0.269) and F/P index (r = -0.420)
Outsourcing w przedsiębiorstwach sektora MŚP
No full textSmall, medium and micro enterprises constituting the SME sector are dynamically
developing companies with a growing importance for particular countries.
It is most of all showed by the number of already functioning businesses in this
sector, as well as their job-generating abilities and GDP participation of this sector
in Poland.
Companies of the SME sector have basic and essential feature, that is high
level of ability to adjust to the turbulent surrounding, in terms of both a product
and a process. They function in numerous areas, including trade, services, production,
etc. Many of them function in the field of new technologies, for example
information and communication technology (ICT). Companies of the SME sector
offer their products and provide clients with their services also in Internet-based
virtual economic space.
Many of the enterprises in question offer what is called value-added products
that are developed basing on the companies’ own, unique and highly specialized,
input of work that is based on employees and owners knowledge. For instance,
there are enterprises carrying out project from the field of culture, author services
and other.
The development of the SME sector triggers the development of particular regions
as well as particular countries. Outsourcing is definitely among the methods
and concepts that develop the sector and stabilize its functioning.
In the present work the following definition of outsourcing has been adopted:
outsourcing is sectioning off the selected areas, functions, processes, projects of
a given enterprise’s organizational structure, or using sources that are outside
(functioning in near or far surrounding of a company) to the enterprise.
The definition especially indicates areas for the companies of the SME sector
to explore in the future. Those areas are currently not inside the organizational
structures, but soon they will become indispensable (taking different criteria into
account, for example quality) for them to function, develop or simply survive.
Applying outsourcing (according to all of its generations and kinds) in companies
of the SME sector creates innovative ways (constructing — organizational
structures, companies of the SME sector, basing on the chain outsourcing) to
maintain them. The research findings presented in the book have been worked out on the basis
of the study regarding the application of outsourcing in randomly selected
companies of the SME sector in the following voivodeships: śląskie, małopolskie
and dolnośląskie. The area in question embraces regions that are: industrial, postindustrial
but also farming as well as tourist and health resort.
Consecutive chapters of the book describe:
— identifying small and medium enterprises (SME) sector. The following areas
have been presented in the chapter: characteristics of companies of the SME
sector; the SME sector in strategies and on various levels; selected aspects of
globalization in the functioning of the SME sector; identifying virtual economic
space in functioning of companies of the SME sector; conditions for development
of companies of the SME sector; cultural circumstances in functioning of
companies of the SME sector;
— identifying outsourcing. The following areas have been presented in the chapter:
concepts and kinds of outsourcing; reasons for applying outsourcing; fields
of applying outsourcing; the process of introducing and monitoring outsourcing
projects; outsourcing in the virtual space;
— outsourcing in functioning of the companies of the SME sector. The following
areas have been presented in the chapter: identifying the fields of outsourcing
in the companies of the SME sector; reasons for applying outsourcing in the
companies of the SME sector; the fields of the companies of the SME sector
where outsourcing was applied; the reasons for success and failure of the outsourcing
projects in the companies of the SME sector; selected categories in
strategies of the companies of the SME sector applying outsourcing;
— application scenarios for introducing outsourcing in the companies of the SME
sector. The chapter presents selected methods of using outsourcing in functioning
of the companies of the SME sector, including characteristics of applying
capital budgeting and controlling.
Using the analyses included in the book as well as conclusions regarding the
characteristics of the companies of the SME sector, and most of all referring to applying
outsourcing projects in their functioning, enables the readers to working
out the innovative behaviors (of employees as well as entrepreneurs), increasing
the intellectual capital of the SME sector companies (outsourcing group creating),
and giving them more social responsibility. A demand to create and develop micro
enterprises is of a special significance
Bakterielle Meningitis als Komplikation einer Fusobacterium-necroforum-Sepsis beim Erwachsenen
No full textNeuropsychology: music of the hemispheres
No full textMusic may be the food of love but it is also good fodder for cognitive scientists. Here we highlight a recent study of a neuropsychological patient who has lost her ability to read music, but not text, in the absence of any other musical deficit
Brain Localisation of Memory Chunks in Chessplayers
No full textChess experts store domain-specific representations in their long-term memory; due to the activation of such representations, they perform with high accuracy in tasks that require the maintenance of previously seen information. Chunk-based theories of expertise (chunking theory: Chase & Simon, 1973; template theory: Gobet & Simon, 1996) state that expertise is acquired mainly by the acquisition and storage in long-term memory of familiar chunks that allow quick recognition. We tested some predictions of these theories by using fMRI while chessplayers performed a recognition memory task. These theories predict that chessplayers access long-term memory chunks of domain-specific information, which are presumably stored in the temporal lobes. We also predicted that the recognition memory tasks would activate working memory areas in the frontal and parietal lobes. These predictions were supported by the data
Financing craft enterprises associated in the polish craft association
No full textThis article concerns functioning of small and medium enterprises and in particular: craft ones. In the sector structured European Union, the abovementioned stand for 80–95% of the existing companies and moreover, they generate the biggest number of job positions and the national income. The article focuses on a selected part of SME sector: craft enterprises and especially, on financing their activities. This financing relates to both, financing craft businesses’ investments and their current operations. In the first part of the text one presents a literary query concerning the definition of a craft enterprise and the resulting from its characteristic functioning: conception and tools for financing investments and current operations of craft enterprises. In the second part, one demonstrates the results of researches on the conception and the tools for financing craft enterprises functioning on the Polish market. In the summary of the article one demonstrates conclusions concerning the ways of maintenance and (in many cases innovative) changes of the conception and the tools for financing craft enterprises. The element congruous with the basic topic of the article relating to the current functioning of a craft enterprise in the real environment (both: inner and outer one), is its functioning in the digital surrounding (including with regard to the conception of financing activities), which correlates with the dynamic development of ICT technologies. The aforementioned development together with digitalization determines many aspects of craft enterprises’ functioning; also the ones connected with financing tools and conceptions. Referring to the things stated, it is clear that ICT technologies should be taken into account in enterprise’s current activities and in other aspects of its functioning e.g. communication, as well as eservices it provides and receives
Increased activity of primary motor cortex after repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (rTMS) measured by functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI)
No full textIncreased activity of the primary motor cortex after repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (rTMS) measured by functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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