491 research outputs found
“Flavescence dorée” strains in selected Italian wine-producing areas
No full textThe study of the genetic variability of phytoplasmas is a tool to clarify their epidemiology and to implement an effective management of their associated diseases. “Flavescence dorée” (FD), a threatening disease of grapevine associated to phytoplasmas belonging to 16SrV-C and -D subgroups (Martini et al., 1999) and its insect vector(s), is(are) distributed within the most important European wine-producing areas. This quarantine disease has severe effects on both vineyard productivity and landscape management and, despite the efforts to contain the pathogen dissemination, the disease is epidemic in several viticultural areas of northern Italy. During the past 30 years FD phytoplasmas belonging to both ribosomal groups were detected in several viticultural areas of Italy (Angelini et al., 2018), however sequencing of non-ribosomal genes, such as secY, map and rpsC, allowed the identification variants within the FD phytoplasma populations that seems in several cases consistent with an increased bacterium virulence (Bertaccini et al., 2021; Contaldo et al., 2021). From 2018 to 2022 focused surveys were conducted in FD infected vineyards to verify molecular variability of the FD phytoplasma strains and their relationship with outbreaks
Ethical-deontological aspects of artificial nutrition | Aspetti etico-deontologici della nutrizione artificiale
No full textClozapine treatment and other atypical and typical antipsychotics: incidence and course of blood dyscrasias during the first eighteen weeks of treatment
No full textBlood dyscrasias induced by clozapine treatment and other Typical and Atypical Antipsychotics have received little attention. The aim of the present study was to shed more light on the incidence and course of clozapine-induced blood dyscrasias that occour during the first eighteen weeks of treatment compared to dyscrasias induced by other Typical and Atypical Antipsychotics. The study included 135 clozapine-treated patients (M 75 and F 60), 75 patients treated with other Atypical (M 35 and F 40), and 75 treated with Typical (M 39 and F 36). Persistent eosinophilia appeared in 36.8% of clozapine-treated patients, in 4%, (p<.05) and 2.7%, (p<.05), respectively, of patients treated with Atipical and Typical Antipychotics; persistent leukocytosis, instead, appeared in 26.5% of patients treated with clozapine, 13.3% and 18.7% treated, respectively, with Atypical and Typical. Moreover, persistent neutrophilia appeared in 27.2% of subjects treated with clozapine, 12.0% with Atypical and 10.7%, (p<.027) with Typical. Our data report an incidence of persistent anemia in clozapine-treated patients of 45.6% (62/136) with respect to 8% (6/75), (p<.05) of patients treated with Atypical and 12% (9/75), (p<.05) with Typical. Our study report sex-correlated differences in clozapine-treated patients, with a major incidence of persistent anemia among female patients (p<.001). Our data could be offered to alert clinicians to the possibility that hematologic complications may be more common in patients treated with clozapine than in patients treated with other antipsychotics
Chronic inflammatory liver diseases and coffee intake
No full textTo review the healthy protective effects of coffee against several metabolic diseases and some types of cancer. In this short review, the possible preventive and/or therapeutic actions of coffee on liver function is focused
Nutrition transition and cancer
No full textUrbanization, population aging, and climatic changes have mostly contributed to nutrition transition and, consequently, to effects of food habits on the epidemic of chronic non-communicable diseases (NCDs), especially cancer. Climatic changes are negatively affecting crop production, particularly biodiversity, leading to reduced food choices and, consequently, nutritional value and the protection conferred from consumption of a variety of nutrients essential in a healthy diet. This brief review analyzes the possible link between rapid demographic changes, climatic and environmental crises, and the current food system as possible factors contributing to the role of nutrition transition in the onset of cancer
Biological response of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells to fluoride-modified titanium surfaces
No full textObjectives The aim of the present study was to examine the behaviour of human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSC) to fluoride-modified grit-blasted (F-TiO) titanium surfaces compared with grit-blasted ones (TiO). Material and methods Implant surfaces were analysed by atomic force microscopy (AFM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). BM-MSC were isolated from healthy donors and grown on the implant surfaces. Cell adhesion and proliferation, type I collagen (Col I) synthesis, osteoblastic differentiation (in terms of alkaline phosphatase activity, osteocalcin synthesis and extracellular matrix mineralization) were assessed. Furthermore, the ability to affect the osteoblastic/osteoclastic balance in terms of osteoprotegerin (OPG) and activator of nuclear factor kappa B ligand (RANKL) ratio was investigated. Results F-TiO surface showed higher S(a) values (P < 0.05) and the presence of nano-scale structures at the AFM and SEM analysis. Comparable cell morphology and similar adhesion values on both surfaces were detected at early time, whereas higher proliferation values on F-TiO samples were observed at 7 and 10 days. Increased Col I and OPG levels for cells grown on F-TiO were found, whereas RANKL was not detectable in any of the conditioned media. BM-MSC showed a similar expression of early and late osteogenic markers on both TiO and F-TiO surfaces. Conclusions The results of the present study show that the chemical and micro/nano-scale modifications induced by fluoride treatment of TiO-grit blasted surfaces stimulate the proliferation and the extracellular matrix synthesis by BM-MSC, as well as the increase of OPG synthesis, thus preventing osteoclast activation and differentiation. To cite this article:Guida L, Annunziata M, Rocci A, Contaldo M, Rullo R, Oliva A. Biological response of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells to fluoride-modified titanium surfaces.Clin. Oral Impl. Res. 21, 2010; 1234-1241.doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0501.2010.01929.x
Free aminoacid infusion in the treatment of coma due to massive hepatic steatosis after intestinal by-pass [L'INFUSIONE DI AMINOACIDI LIBERI NEL TRATTAMENTO DEL COMA DA MASSIVA STEATOSI EPATICA DOPO BY-PASS INTESTINALE]
No full textGiallumi della vite e fitoplasmi nelle Marche
No full textI fitoplasmi della vite associati alla
presenza di giallumi in Italia so-
no stati studiati dal 2017 nell’am-
bito del progetto europeo H2020
TROPICSAFE (Malattie associate alla
presenza di procarioti e trasmesse da
insetti in colture arboree in aree tro-
picali e subtropicali).
Le malattie studiate sono giallume
letale della palma da cocco; giallu-
me della vite e «huanglongbing» degliagrumi («citrus greening»), tutte gravi
malattie infettive che solo di recente
sono state riconosciute e studiate. Il
progetto è finalizzato ad una loro ge-
stione efficace, efficiente e sostenibile
per ottenere la quale è necessario col-
mare importanti lacune scientifiche.
Il progetto cui partecipano dodici na-
zioni (Italia, Spagna, Slovenia, Dani-
marca, Regno Unito, Ghana, Sudafrica,
Cile, Cuba, Messico, Giamaica e Francia - Guadalupa) è coordinato dalla profes-
soressa Assunta Bertaccini dell’Alma
Mater Studiorum - Università di Bolo-
gna. Alcuni dei risultati delle ricerche
sui giallumi della vite in collaborazio-
ne con Istituzioni, colleghi e studenti
sono riassunti nelle brevi note che se-
guono e forniscono un aggiornamen-
to sulla situazione della malattia in
alcune delle aree viticole italiane più
importanti
- …
