12 research outputs found
Barnets bästa ska alltid komma i främsta rum - En studie om hur socialarbetare arbetar med ensamkommande flyktingbarn utifrån vad som anses vara barnets bästa
No full textAbstract Author: Dilan Demircioglu Title: The best interst of the child comes first Supervisor: Anders Lundberg The intention of this essay was to investigate and gain understanding on how social-workers work with unaccompanied children, with the aim of what is considered in the best interest of the child. What is considered being the best inters of the child child has many different contexts, and there are different suggestions on how it should be taken into account. Is there one right way, or are there many different ways to consider as the best for a child? A qualitative approach has been used in order to reach the results of this study. The paper is made of semi structured interviews by five social workers, and their experiences as well as their reasoning regarding what is seen as the best interest of the child. The respondents in the paper are all social workers experienced and working with unaccompanied refugee children. The collected material has been analyzed from a cultural perspective, social constructive perspective, as well as ecology of human development. The material states that there is no denomination on what the best interest of a child implies. The meaning of what the best interest of the child depends completely on the way one interpret the concept, and also the environment every separate child is in. All individuals have different needs and every need differentiate itself from micro- to macro levels, which means that every individuals need is different in relation to other individuals need, as well as each country have different needs. The best interest of a child is a combination of what is considered to be the most positive and fortunate for each child's development. Keywords: Children’s best, children´s rights, unaccompanied refugee children
Atmospheric Concentrations and Phase Partitioning of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Izmir, Turkey
No full textAmbient air polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) samples were collected at a suburban (n=63) and at an urban site (n=14) in Izmir, Turkey. Average gas-phase total PAH (∑ 14PAH) concentrations were 23.5ngm -3 for suburban and 109.7ngm -3 for urban sites while average particle-phase total PAH concentrations were 12.3 and 34.5ngm -3 for suburban and urban sites, respectively. Higher ambient PAH concentrations were measured in the gas-phase and ∑ 14PAH concentrations were dominated by lower molecular weight PAHs. Multiple linear regression analysis indicated that the meteorological parameters were effective on ambient PAH concentrations. Emission sources of particle-phase PAHs were investigated using a diagnostic plot of fluorene (FLN)/(fluorine+pyrene; PY) versus indeno[1,2,3-cd]PY/(indeno[1,2,3-cd]PY+benzo[g,h,i]perylene) and several diagnostic ratios. These approaches have indicated that traffic emissions (petroleum combustion) were the dominant PAH sources at both sites for summer and winter seasons. Experimental gas-particle partition coefficients (K P) were compared to the predictions of octanol-air (K OA) and soot-air (K SA) partition coefficient models. The correlations between experimental and modeled K P values were significant (r 2=0.79 and 0.94 for suburban and urban sites, respectively, p<0.01). Octanol-based absorptive partitioning model predicted lower partition coefficients especially for relatively volatile PAHs. However, overall there was a relatively good agreement between the measured K P and soot-based model predictions. Ambient air polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) samples were collected at a suburban and at an urban site in Izmir, Turkey. The multiple linear regression analysis indicated that the meteorological parameters were effective on the measured ambient PAH concentrations. The results indicated that traffic emissions were the dominant PAH sources at both sites for summer and winter seasons
Particle-phase dry deposition and air–soil gas exchange of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Izmir, Turkey
No full textAmbient air and dry deposition samples were collected at suburban and urban sites in Izmir, Turkey. Atmospheric total (particle + gas) 14PAHs concentrations were 36±39 and 144±163 ngm−3 for suburban and urban sites, respectively. Phenanthrene was the most abundant compound at all sites, and all samples were dominated by low molecular weight PAHs. Average particulate 14PAH dry deposition fluxes were 8160±5024 and 4286±2782 ngm−2 day−1 and overall average particulate dry deposition velocities were 1.5±2.4 and 1.0±2.3cms−1 for suburban and urban sites, respectively. Soil samples were collected at suburban site. Average soil concentration for 14PAH was 55.9±14.4 ng g−1 dry weight.
Calculated gas-phase air–soil exchange fluxes indicated that fluorene, phenanthrene, anthracene, and carbazole were deposited to soil in winter while they were volatilized in summer. Other compounds (fluoranthene-benzo[g,h,i]perylene) were deposited to soil in both periods. Annual average fluxes of
PAHs representing soil to air (i.e., gas volatilization) and air to soil transfer (i.e., gas absorption, dry deposition, and wet deposition) processes were also compared. All processes were comparable for 14PAHs however their input was dominated by gas absorption. Gas absorption dominated for lower molecular weight PAHs, however dry deposition dominated for higher molecular weight PAHs. The results have suggested that for fluorene, soil and air may be approaching a steady state condition. For the remaining compounds, there was a net accumulation into the soil.The Research grant (ICTAGC033) from the Scientific and Technical Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK)
Technology management and e-marketing orientation after the pandemic
No full textThis chapter presents an informed explanation for analyzing and designing viable, sustainable digital innovation ecosystems in the agri-food domain due to changing habits. Hence both digital technologies and also global issues such as the pandemic, all orizations should notice the technological developments and environmental and global issues. A thorough understanding of methods, tools, and best applications in relevant sectors is crucial for keeping up with all developments. Orizations must be competitive, so they have to find out and benefit from emerging technologies. Consequentially, these technologies are used for production and can encompass other operations such as marketing, after-sales services, etc. Therefore, significant developments are presented in this chapter about following and managing breakthrough technologies. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2024
Structural analysis of different LINC complexes reveals distinct binding modes
No full text© 2020 The Author(s) Linker of nucleoskeleton and cytoskeleton (LINC) complexes are molecular tethers that span the nuclear envelope (NE) and physically connect the nucleus to the cytoskeleton. They transmit mechanical force across the NE in processes such as nuclear anchorage, nuclear migration, and homologous chromosome pairing during meiosis. LINC complexes are composed of KASH proteins traversing the outer nuclear membrane, and SUN proteins crossing the inner nuclear membrane. Humans have several SUN- and KASH-containing proteins, yet what governs their proper engagement is poorly understood. To investigate this question, we solved high resolution crystal structures of human SUN2 in complex with the KASH-peptides of Nesprin3, Nesprin4, and KASH5. In comparison to the published structures of SUN2-KASH1/2 we observe alternative binding modes for these KASH peptides. While the core interactions between SUN and the C-terminal residues of the KASH peptide are similar in all five complexes, the extended KASH-peptide adopts at least two different conformations. The much-improved resolution allows for a more detailed analysis of other elements critical for KASH interaction, including the KASH-lid and the cation loop, and a possible self-locked state for unbound SUN. In summary, we observe distinct differences between the examined SUN-KASH complexes. These differences may have an important role in regulating the SUN-KASH network
Light Trapping by Micro and Nano-hole Texturing of Single-crystalline Silicon Solar Cells
No full textAbstractThe efficiency of a solar cell strongly depends on the interaction between the incoming light beam and the surface of the device. Any process enhances light-surface interaction increases absorption probability of the light; thus, improves generated current, in turn. Generated current could be improved either by light trapping or by increased device thickness. Considering fabrication costs and recombination losses, mechanically thin optically thick wafers are being focused on in terms of light trapping properties. Surface texturing among the other methods is an effective and more lasting technique in reducing reflections and improving light trapping. In order to maximize the absorption of light and the efficiency of the cell, various light trapping schemes have been proposed so far. In this study, texturing silicon (Si) wafer surface with periodic holes using two top-down fabrication techniques: Metal Assisted Etching (MAE) and Reactive Ion Etching (RIE) was focused on. Following the design of optical masks with patterns of different hole sizes and distributions, hole-textured surfaces with dimensions varying from micron scale to submicron scale were fabricated using both etching techniques. Hole-textured surfaces with desired hole depth values could be successfully fabricated. It was observed that surface having periodic holes with 4μm diameter, 5μm gap between holes and 8μm depth could result in 15.7% efficiency
Validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the functional assessment of cancer therapy-bone marrow transplant (FACT-BMT) quality of life questionnaire in patients undergoing bone marrow transplantation
No full textCopyright © The Author(s), 2021. Published by Cambridge University Press.Objective The Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Bone Marrow Transplant Version 4 (FACT-BMT) is a widely used instrument to assess quality of life in individuals treated with bone marrow transplantation (BMT). Our aim was to determine the reliability and validity of the Turkish version of the FACT-BMT in patients undergoing BMT. Method Patients between the age of 20 and 65 years and who had undergone BMT at least 3 months before the study were included. Validity was determined using exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis. To determine convergent validity, the European Cancer Research and Treatment Organization Quality of Life Questionnaire-Cancer30 (EORTC QLQ-C30), the Brief Fatigue Inventory (BFI), and the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance score were used. Cronbach's alpha, intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC), and item-total correlation (ITC) values were calculated to assess the reliability of the FACT-BMT. Results Totally, 114 patients (F/M: 47/67) treated with BMT (mean age: 49.50 ± 12.50 years) were included. Confirmatory and exploratory factor analysis revealed that the FACT-BMT and the Bone Marrow Transplantation Subscale (BMTS) had sufficient fit. The FACT-BMT was moderately to strongly correlated with the EORTC QLQ-C30, the BFI, and the ECOG performance score (p < 0.001). Cronbach's alpha and ICC values of the FACT-BMT were acceptable (0.925 and 0.956, respectively). The ITC values of each item of the FACT-BMT were also acceptable (ranged from 0.296 to 0.737). Patients undergoing autologous BMT had a significantly higher BMTS score than those undergoing allogeneic BMT (p < 0.05). Significance of results The Turkish version of the FACT-BMT is valid, reliable, and sensitive to changes in quality of life in patients undergoing BMT
POPs in a major conurbation in Turkey: ambient air concentrations, seasonal variation, inhalation and dermal exposure, and associated carcinogenic risks
No full textSemi-volatile organic compounds were monitored over a whole year, by collection of gas and particle phases every sixth day at a suburban site in Izmir, Turkey. Annual mean concentrations of 32 polychlorinated biphenyls (∑32PCBs) and 14 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (∑14PAHs) were 348 pg/m3 and 36 ng/m3, respectively, while it was 273 pg/m3 for endosulfan, the dominant compound among 23 organochlorine pesticides (OCPs). Monte Carlo simulation was applied to the USEPA exposure-risk models for the estimation of the population exposure and carcinogenic risk probability distributions for heating and non-heating periods. The estimated population risks associated with dermal contact and inhalation routes to ∑32PCBs, ∑14PAHs, and some of the targeted OCPs (α-hexachlorocyclohexane (α-HCH), β-hexachlorocyclohexane (β-HCH), heptachlor, heptachlor epoxide, α-chlordane (α-CHL), γ-chlordane (γ-CHL), and p,p′-dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (p,p′-DDT)) were in the ranges of 1.86 × 10−16–7.29 × 10−9 and 1.38 × 10−10–4.07 × 10−6, respectively. The inhalation 95th percentile risks for ∑32PCBs, ∑14PAHs, and OCPs were about 6, 3, and 4–7 orders of magnitude higher than those of dermal route, respectively. The 95th percentile inhalation risk for ∑32PCBs and OCPs in the non-heating period were 1.8- and 1.2–4.6 folds higher than in the heating period, respectively. In contrast, the 95th percentile risk levels for ∑14PAHs in the heating period were 4.3 times greater than that of non-heating period for inhalation, respectively. While risk levels associated with exposure to PCBs and OCPs did not exceed the acceptable level of 1 × 10−6, it was exceeded for 47 % of the population associated with inhalation of PAHs with a maximum value of about 4 × 10−6
Author Correction: Pericyte FAK negatively regulates Gas6/Axl signalling to suppress tumour angiogenesis and tumour growth
No full textCorrection to: Nature Communications https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-16618-6, published online 04 June 2020The original version of this Article contained errors in Supplementary Fig. 1d in which the H&E stained sections of lung, heart and liver from the mice were incorrect. These errors have been corrected in the HTML and PDF versions of the Article.</p
Author Correction: A local tumor microenvironment acquired super-enhancer induces an oncogenic driver in colorectal carcinoma
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