7 research outputs found
Influence of a six month endurance exercise program on the immune function of prostate cancer patients undergoing Antiandrogen or Chemotherapy: design and rationale of the ProImmun study
No full textBackground: Exercise seems to minimize prostate cancer specific mortality risk and treatment related side effects like fatigue and incontinence. However the influence of physical activity on the immunological level remains uncertain. Even prostate cancer patients undergoing palliative treatment often have a relatively long life span compared to other cancer entities. To optimize exercise programs and their outcomes it is essential to investigate the underlying mechanisms. Further, it is important to discriminate between different exercise protocols and therapy regimes.
Methods/Design: The ProImmun study is a prospective multicenter patient preference randomized controlled trial investigating the influence of a 24 week endurance exercise program in 80–100 prostate cancer patients by comparing patients undergoing Antiandrogen therapy combined with exercise (AE), Antiandrogen therapy without exercise (A), Chemotherapy with exercise(CE) or Chemotherapy without exercise (C). The primary outcome of the study is a change in prostate cancer relevant cytokines and hormones (IL-6, MIF, IGF-1, Testosterone). Secondary endpoints are immune cell ratios, oxidative stress and antioxidative capacity levels, VO2 peak, fatigue and quality of life. Patients of the intervention group exercise five times per week, while two sessions are supervised. During the supervised sessions patients (AE and CE) exercise for 33 minutes on a bicycle ergometer at 70-75% of their VO2 peak. To assess long term effects and sustainability of the intervention two follow-up assessments are arranged 12 and 18 month after the intervention.
Discussion: The ProImmun study is the first trial which primarily investigates immunological effects of a six month endurance exercise program in prostate cancer patients during palliative care. Separating patients treated with Antiandrogen therapy from those who are additionally treated with Chemotherapy might allow a more specific view on the influence of endurance training interventions and the impact of different therapy protocols on the immune function.
Trial registration: German Clinical Trials Register: DRKS0000473
Potential Effect of Pseudevernia furfuracea (L.) Zopf Extract and Metabolite Physodic Acid on Tumour Microenvironment Modulation in MCF-10A Cells
No full textLichens comprise a number of unique secondary metabolites with remarkable biological activities and have become an interesting research topic for cancer therapy. However, only a few of these metabolites have been assessed for their effectiveness against various in vitro models. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to assess the effect of extract Pseudevernia furfuracea (L.) Zopf (PSE) and its metabolite physodic acid (Phy) on tumour microenvironment (TME) modulation, focusing on epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT), cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) transformation and angiogenesis. Here, we demonstrate, by using flow cytometry, Western blot and immunofluorescence microscopy, that tested compounds inhibited the EMT process in MCF-10A breast cells through decreasing the level of different mesenchymal markers in a time- and dose-dependent manner. By the same mechanisms, PSE and Phy suppressed the function of Transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β)-stimulated fibroblasts. Moreover, PSE and Phy resulted in a decreasing level of the TGF-β canonical pathway Smad2/3, which is essential for tumour growth. Furthermore, PSE and Phy inhibited angiogenesis ex ovo in a quail embryo chorioallantoic model, which indicates their potential anti-angiogenic activity. These results also provided the first evidence of the modulation of TME by these substances
VEGFA gene locus (6p12) amplification and colorectal cancer : implications for patients' response to therapy
No full textThe aims of this study was to assess the presence of VEGFA genomic alterations in colorectal cancer (CRC) and clarify how these genomic alterations can modulate CRC patients’ response to BV treatment in addition to first line therapy (5fluorouracil, leucovorin, capecitabine, oxaliplatin, mephedrone). Among our goals we aim to find out predictive biomarkers to improve anti-angiogenic therapy efficacy and possibly to develop new therapeutic approaches by setting out new rational drug combinations. Of importance, this study allowed us to contribute to the improving patient’s treatment efficiency as well as reducing the economic cost of ineffective therapy. To conclude, we believe that CRC patients will greatly benefit from our research activities. Altogether, our study helped the setting of personalized therapeutic strategies by: i) identifying those patients who really will profit of BV treatment, ii) sparing unnecessary side effects and costs for the non-responder CRC patients especially and iii) planning future alternative and/or combination treatments for CRC patients based on the functional results
Impact of a half marathon on cellular immune system, pro‐inflammatory cytokine levels, and recovery behavior of breast cancer patients in the aftercare compared to healthy controls
No full textIowa History and Culture : A Bibliography of Materials Published Between 1952 and 1986, 1989
No full textThis bibliography was compiled by two reference librarians, Patricia Dawson and David Hudson with the goal of making it easier of tracking down material on Iowa history and culture. This supplements the Iowa History Reference Guide published in 1952 by William Petersen
T cell-mediated elimination of cancer cells by blocking CEACAM6–CEACAM1 interaction
No full textCarcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 6 (CEACAM6), a cell surface receptor, is expressed on normal epithelial tissue and highly expressed in cancers of high unmet medical need, such as non-small cell lung, pancreatic, and colorectal cancer. CEACAM receptors undergo homo- and heterophilic interactions thereby regulating normal tissue homeostasis and angiogenesis, and in cancer, tumor invasion and metastasis. CEACAM6 expression on malignant plasma cells inhibits antitumor activity of T cells, and we hypothesize a similar function on epithelial cancer cells. The interactions between CEACAM6 and its suggested partner CEACAM1 on T cells were studied. A humanized CEACAM6-blocking antibody, BAY 1834942, was developed and characterized for its immunomodulating effects in co-culture experiments with T cells and solid cancer cells and in comparison to antibodies targeting the immune checkpoints programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1), programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1), and T cell immunoglobulin mucin-3 (TIM-3). The immunosuppressive activity of CEACAM6 was mediated by binding to CEACAM1 expressed by activated tumor-specific T cells. BAY 1834942 increased cytokine secretion by T cells and T cell-mediated killing of cancer cells. The in vitro efficacy of BAY 1834942 correlated with the degree of CEACAM6 expression on cancer cells, suggesting potential in guiding patient selection. BAY 1834942 was equally or more efficacious compared to blockade of PD-L1, and at least an additive efficacy was observed in combination with anti-PD-1 or anti-TIM-3 antibodies, suggesting an efficacy independent of the PD-1/PD-L1 axis. In summary, CEACAM6 blockade by BAY 1834942 reactivates the antitumor response of T cells. This warrants clinical evaluation
3D printed simulators for clinical skills development a literature review
No full textIntroducción: El uso de simuladores de bajo costo, especialmente aquellos fabricados con impresión 3D juegan un papel muy importante para los del área de la salud ya que se adaptan a distintos contextos clínicos promoviendo el aprendizaje y la innovación en la enseñanza.
Objetivos: Describir las características funcionales, estéticas y los materiales más utilizados en el diseño de simuladores de bajo costo con impresión 3D para la consolidación de habilidades clínicas.
Materiales y métodos: Se diseñaron cuatro ecuaciones de búsqueda a partir de términos normalizados en tecsauros DeCS/MeSH para identificar literatura relevante, los resultados fueron descargados en formato CSV y procesados en la herramienta Rayyan IA, donde se realizó una primera revisión mediante la lectura de títulos y resúmenes.
Resultados: Se presentaron hallazgos los cuales fueron obtenidos a partir de la revisión de la literatura, organizados por diferentes especialidades en los que se desarrollaron simuladores clínicos de bajo costo en impresión 3D, Se destaca que, a lo largo de las distintas especialidades, existe un uso común de materiales como el filamento de ácido poliglicolico (PLA), filamento absorbible (ABS) y resinas de fotopolimerización
Conclusión: Durante este estudio se dedujo que los simuladores de bajo costo en impresión 3D son una alternativa muy eficaz para el desarrollo de competencias, encontrando aplicación en diversos contextos, desde las aulas universitarias hasta los hospitales, facilitando el entrenamiento de profesionales de la salud en una amplia gama de habilidades.Profesional en Instrumentación QuirúrgicaPregradoIntroduction: The use of low-cost simulators, especially those manufactured with 3D printing, plays a very important role for those in the health area since they adapt to different clinical contexts, promoting learning and innovation in teaching.
Objectives: To describe the functional and aesthetic characteristics and the most commonly used materials in the design of low-cost simulators with 3D printing for the consolidation of clinical skills.
Materials and methods: Four search equations were designed from standardized terms in DeCS/MeSH tecsauros to identify relevant literature. The results were downloaded in CSV format and processed in the Rayyan tool, where a first review was performed by reading titles and abstracts.
Results: Findings were presented, which were obtained from the review of the literature, organized by different specialties in which low-cost clinical simulators have been developed in 3D printing. It is highlighted that, throughout the different specialties, there is a common use of materials such as polyglycolic acid filament (PLA), absorbable filament (ABS) and photopolymerization resins.
Conclusion: During this study it was deduced that low-cost simulators in 3D printing are a very effective alternative for the development of competencies, finding application in various contexts, from university classrooms to hospitals, facilitating the training of health professionals in a wide range of skills
