1,720,976 research outputs found
Inganno, verità, verisimiglianza in Gorgia e Platone
No full textQuesto articolo mostra come nella riflessione platonica e gorgiana emerga l'articolato intreccio di tre nozioni: inganno, verità e verosimiglianza, le quali seppur distinti si richiamano e ci connettono
La pratica filosofica del Multifocal Approach. Una possibile chiave di accesso a una realtà complessa.
No full textThis essay examines the Multifocal approach as a philosophical practice. The aim is to achieve, both ontologically and epistemologically, an adequate knowledge of a complex reality made up of different aspects and relations. on the ethical level, the aim is to diversify strategies of action in view of their greater practical effectiveness. this approach favors a dialectical way of thinking and acting, which avoids dogmatic and bipolar positions (i.e. relativism-absolutism, universal-particular, science-common sense, etc.) and assumes a pluralistic and inclusive perspective restoring the richness of reality without the pretense of exhausting it
The Eleatic Elements in the Metaphysical Reflection and in the Physical Mentions of the Parmenides
No full text
Se non fosse in alcun luogo non sarebbe affatto (145E1). La dimensione fisico-empirica nella seconda parte del Parmenide.
No full textStudies on the second part of the Parmenides usually assume that the dialectical exercise concerns exclusively the intelligible realities (Ideas and Principles). On the contrary, some passages of the text imply not only metaphysical or logic references, but also empirical and material ones. We find reflections on geometric shape, on contact and on motion, which hardly appear applicable to ideal realities only; in addition, the topic of place proves that «if it (the One or everything) were nowhere, it would not be at all»; this affirmation has a clear Zenonian origin, which confirms the physical dimension. The dissertation about time must be added: all that is both is in time and flows with time and becoming cannot be attributed to intelligible, immobile and eternal realities. This is confirmed by the enigmatic section concerning the instant (155E4-157B4), which is placed as a reality out of time to justify the change in time that only concerns empirical things
Riflessioni critiche sul relativismo
No full textThis short essay examines the pervasive phenomenon of relativism in its main aspects: the theoretical and practical ones. The paper underlines its limits and tries to distinguish it from other stances often confused with relativism because of their relational and pluralistic perspective. The whole operation is based on the conceptual and fundamental difference between "relativism" and "relation": the vision of reality as a complex system built on relations does not implicate a relativistic outcome, as it is possibile to determine relations in a objective and stable way. This allow us to get out of the relativism-absolutism binomial by individuating alternative pathways for a better understanding of reality
Vero-Falso in Protagora e Gorgia: una posizione aporetica ma non relativistica
No full textThe thought of Protagoras and Gorgias is characterized by the rejection of the couple true-false and by the refusal of the eleatic epistemological field. The two Sophists conduct this operation in two different ways: Protagoras puts the "homo mensura" as limit for the human knowledge; Gorgias is directly opposed to Eleatism: he shows that the use of eleatic logic leads to contradictory results. This don't lead the two sophists to relativistic outcomes. Contrary, they try to avoid those, by means the substitution of the criterion of true/false with pragmatic and objective criteria, the useful and the kairos, that are determinated in practical setting. This choice implicates an aporia: the practical efficacy requires the knowledge of the factors involved in the situations and the relationships among them. Therefore the rejection of the epistemological field (and of the couple true/false) proves to be difficult, if not impossible
Between Nomos and Physis: the Multiformity of the Sophists' Speech
No full textSophists deal with the problem of relationship between nomos and physis in terms not only of opposition between, but also of intertwinement. On the one side, the discussion leads to an exaltation of the physis, with opposite effects: in some sophists (Hippias and Antiphon) nature warrants the equality among human beings, while, in other sophists (Callicles and Thrasymachus), nature becomes the basis for legitimizing the dominance of the strongest over the weakest. In this context, the nomos is considered an invention of the weakest to inhibit the strongest. On the other side, we find sophists (like Gorgias) that affirm the need to decide to follow the nomos or the physis on the basis of situation, that is to avoid unilateral positions, or sophists (like Anonymous of Iamblichus) that assume a “conciliatory” perspective between nomos and physis. Socrates completes the variety of this debate. In Criton, Socrates applies a manifold movement to the nomos, divine and human, thus deserving respect and, at the same time, modifiable.Los sofistas tratan el problema de la relación nomos-physis en términos no sólo de oposición, sino también de entrelazamiento. Por un lado, la discusión se resuelve en una exaltación de la physis que produce efectos opuestos: en algunos sofistas (Hipias y Antifonte), garantiza la igualdad entre los seres humanos, mientras que en otros (Callicles y Trasímaco), se convierte en la base de legitimación del dominio de los fuertes sobre los débiles. En este sentido, el nomos se considera como una invención de los más débiles, para inhibir a los más fuertes. Por el otro lado, se encuentran sofistas (como Gorgias) que afirman la necesidad de decidir, en función de la circunstancia, seguir el nomos o la physis, evitando posiciones unilaterales. Incluso hay sofistas (como el Anónimo de Jámblico) que asumen una perspectiva “conciliadora” entre nomos y physis. Completa esta variedad de posiciones Sócrates, quien en el Critón aplica un movimiento multiforme al mismo nomos, divino y humano, y por tanto digno de respeto y, al mismo tiempo, modificable
- …
