20,392 research outputs found
HIV-infected pregnant adolescents and youth : results from a European cohort study
No full textGlobally the HIV epidemic mainly affects young people, particularly young females who are vulnerable to acquisition of HIV as a result of their biological and social susceptibility. Women represent an increasing proportion of newly diagnosed HIV cases in Western and Eastern Europe, reaching 35% and 40%, respectively, in 2004. In the European Collaborative Study (ECS), HIV-infected pregnant women are enrolled and their infants followed-up prospectively. By the end of 2005, 5956 women had enrolled, of whom 1912 (32%) were aged < 25 years at delivery. Enrolments of youth declined in Western European centres from 59% in 1985 to 18% in 2005. In Ukraine, youth enrolments declined from 52% in 2001 to 43% in 2005. Median ages of the young and older sub-cohorts were 22.3 and 29.9 years, respectively. Injecting drug use (IDU) was more common in the older than younger sub-cohorts [42% (n = 1684) vs. 35% (n = 675), p < 0.001]. However, young IDUs were more likely to be currently using injecting drugs than older IDUs (59% vs. 38%, p < 0.001), to report current sharing of injecting equipment (22% vs. 13%, p = 0.001) and to report an IDU sex partner (59% vs. 48%, p < 0.02). Young HIV-infected pregnant women in Europe are a heterogeneous group, possibly less identifiable as being at risk of HIV infection. They will have diverse needs for services during and after pregnancy, including harm reduction services and psychosocial support, in addition to a universal need for prevention of mother-to-child transmission services
Are girls more at risk of intrauterine acquired HIV infection than boys?
No full textTo investigate whether previously described sex differences in virological and immunological markers in vertically infected children are preceded by sex differences in the overall risk or timing of mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) we analysed 3231 mother-child pairs enrolled in the European Collaborative Study. Girls were at a 1.5 times increased risk of MTCT overall, but the sex effect was limited to elective caesarean section deliveries, suggesting that girls may have an increased risk of intrauterine transmission compared with boys
Mother-to-child transmission of human immunodeficiency virus in Italy: temporal trends and determinants of infection. The Italian Collaborative Study on HIV infection in pregnancy
No full textTime of Undetectable Viral load after Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy Initiation among HIV-infected pregnant women
No full textMother-to-child transmission of HIV infection in the Era of Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy
No full textInsufficient antiretroviral therapy in pregnancy: missed opportunities for prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV in Europe.
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Exposure to Antiretroviral Therapy in Utero or Early Life: the health of Uninfected Children born to HIV-infected Women
No full textIncreased risk of adverse pregnancy outcome in HIV-infected women treated with highly active antiretroviral therapy in Europe
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