294 research outputs found
Le Messager 60th Anniversary [Articles]
No full textFour photocopies of articles about the 60th anniversary of the French-language publication Le Messager, from the March 30, 1940, edition.
Article 1: \u27Notre 60ème anniversaire\u27, Le Messager, by Louis-Philippe Gagné
Article 2: \u27Notre 60ème anniversaire\u27, Le Messager, author unknown
Article 3: \u27Notre 60ème anniversaire\u27, Le Messager, by Louis-Philippe Gagné [duplicate]
Article 4: \u27Une contribution\u27, Le Messagerhttps://digitalcommons.usm.maine.edu/le-messager/1045/thumbnail.jp
Mission de carottage 2013 - Plateau de Javakheti (Géorgie)
No full textEntre 2009 et 2012, quatre lacs ont fait l'objet de carottages sur le plateau : Paravani, Saghamo, Tabatskuri et Kartsakhi (fig. 1). Figure 1 : Localisation des carottages effectués sur le plateau de Javakheti. En rouge : carottages antérieurs au LIA (2009-2011), en blanc : carottages de 2012, en vert : carottages de 2013 (E. Messager) Suite aux résultats prometteurs issus de la séquence de Paravani (Messager et al., 2013), nous voulions poursuivre l'exploitation des archives lacustres du Pl..
Global and local estimates of environmental flow requirements to sustain river ecosystems are poorly correlated
No full textData repository for ‘Global and local estimates of environmental flow requirements to sustain river ecosystems are poorly correlated ‘
prepared by Mathis L. Messager ([email protected])
1. Overview and background ----------------------------------------------------------
This documentation describes the input and output data associated with the analysis presented in: Messager, M. L., Dickens, W. S. C., Eriyagama, N., Tharme, R. E., Stassen, R. (2024). Limited comparability of global and local estimates of
environmental flow requirements to sustain river ecosystems. https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ad1cb5.
Environmental flows (e-flows) are a central element of sustainable water resource management to mitigate the detrimental impacts of hydrological alteration on freshwater ecosystems and their benefits to people. Many nations strive to protect e-flows through policy, and thousands of local-scale e-flows assessments have been conducted globally, leveraging data and knowledge to quantify how much water must be provided to river ecosystems, and when, to keep them healthy. However, e-flows assessments and implementation are geographically uneven and cover a small fraction of rivers worldwide. This hinders globally consistent target-setting, monitoring and evaluation for international agreements to curb water scarcity and biodiversity loss. Therefore, dozens of models have been developed over the past two decades to estimate the e-flows requirements of rivers seamlessly across basins and administrative boundaries at a global scale.There has been little effort, however, to benchmark these models against locally derived e-flows estimates, which may limit confidence in the relevance of global estimates. The aim of this study was to assess whether current global methods reflect e-flows estimates used on the ground, by comparing global and local estimates for 1194 sites across 25 countries. We found that while global approaches broadly approximate the bulk volume of water that should be precautionarily provided to sustain aquatic ecosystems at the scale of large basins or countries, they explain a remarkably negligible 0%–1% of the global variability in locally derived estimates of the percentage of river flow that must be protected at a given site. Even when comparing assessments for individual countries, thus controlling for differences in local assessment methods among jurisdictions, global e-flows estimates only marginally compared (R2 ⩽ 0.31) to local estimates. Such a disconnect between global and local assessments of e-flows requirements limits the credibility of global estimates and associated targets for water use. To accelerate the global implementation of e-flows requires further concerted effort to compile and draw from the thousands of existing local e-flows assessments worldwide for developing a new generation of global models and bridging the gap from local to global scales..
The data repository includes data required to perform this analysis as well as the data outputs from this analysis. Input data from local e-flow assessments included herein were either provided by collaborators or extracted from published governmental and academic reports by the authors. Input hydrographic data not available for download elsewhere were provided by Dr. Bernhard Lehner and hydrological simulations from PCR-GLOBWB 2.0 at a spatial resolution of 5 arc-min (not provided herein) were provided by Dr. ir. Edwin H. Sutanudjaja.
All scripts necessary to reproduce this analysis are freely available for all purposes (and can be copied, modified and distributed) at: https://github.com/messamat/globalEF_testPy (for data-preformatting and global e-flow calculations) and https://github.com/messamat/globalEF_testR (for comparing global and local MAF and e-flow estimates). The structure of the analysis relies as much as possible on good enough practices in scientific computing, which users are encouraged to read.
2. Repository content ----------------------------------------------------------
The data repository has the following structure, which must be conserved to run the analysis workflow:
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data/
Formatted_data_Chandima_20211018: pre-formatted local e-flow assessment sites.
Formatted_data_Chandima_20211102: pre-formatted local e-flow assessment sites.
GEFIS_test_data/:
Master Data Table_20230424.xlsx: final database of local e-flow assessments.
HydroATLAS/: hydrographic data required for downscaling and mapping global MAF and e-flow estimates
HydroATLAS_metadata_MLMv11.xlsx: metadata of RiverATLAS attributes used in producing distribution histogram in Supplementary Material.
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results/
france_preprocessing.gdb: outputs from spatial formatting of local e-flow assessment data for the Rhone River basin in France. The main output file is /Rhone_EFpoints_cleanjoin.
mexico_preprocessing.gdb: outputs from spatial formatting of local e-flow assessment data for Mexico. The main output file is /Mexico_EFpoints_cleanjoin.
processing_outputs.gdb: outputs from overall spatial formatting of local e-flow assessment data. The fully formatted point data of the sites is: EFpoints_20230424_clean_riverjoin. Associated with global e-flow estimates: EFpoints_20230424_clean_globalEF.
victoria_preprocessing.gdb: outputs from spatial formatting of local e-flow assessment data for the state of Victoria, Australia. The main output file is /Victoria_EFpoints_cleanjoin.
EFpoints_20230424_clean_globalEF.csv: all global e-flow estimates extracted for local e-flow assessment sites.
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isimp2_qtot_accumulated15s.gdb.zip: all global MAF and e-flow estimates in raster format. In the analytical workflow, these data are in the results/ folder but here they have been placed outside to conform with the maximum file size limit of this dataverse.
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README_Technical_documentation_globalEFcomparison_Messageretal2023.pdf : documentation for this repository
3. Data format and projection ----------------------------------------------------------
The spatial datasets are distributed in ESRI® file geodatabase format. Please contact the author should you want the data in another format. These datasets are available in compressed zip file format. To use the data files, the zip files must first be decompressed.
All data layers are provided in geographic (latitude/longitude) projection, referenced to datum WGS84. In ESRI® software this projection is defined by the geographic coordinate system GCS_WGS_1984 and datum D_WGS_1984 (EPSG: 4326).
4. License and citations ----------------------------------------------------------
4.1 License agreement
This documentation and datasets are licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License (CC-BY-4.0 License). For all regulations regarding license grants, copyright, redistribution restrictions, required attributions, disclaimer of warranty, indemnification, liability, waiver of damages, and a precise definition of licensed materials, please refer to the License Agreement (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode). For a human-readable summary of the license, please see https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.
4.2 Citations and acknowledgements.
Citations and acknowledgements of this dataset should be made as follows:
Messager, M. L., Dickens, W. S. C., Eriyagama, N., Tharme, R. E., Stassen, R. (2024). Limited comparability of global and local estimates of
environmental flow requirements to sustain river ecosystems. Environmental Research Letters. https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ad1cb5.
We kindly ask users to cite this study in any published material produced using it. If possible, online links to this repository (DOI) should also be provided
Quelle fonction pour les meules du Néolithique ancien de la moitié nord de la France ? Apports et limites de l'analyse phytolithique
No full textDie funktionelle Analyse der Mahlgeräte und insbesondere die in den letzten Jahren entwickelte optische Analyse der Gebrauchsspuren erlaubt es, die Funktionsweise der Mahlgeräte und die Natur der verarbeiteten Substanzen zu rekonstruieren. Der vorliegende Artikel diskutiert den Beitrag der Analyse der in der Oberfläche der Mahlsteine eingeschlossenen Phytolithen für das Verständnis der neolithischen Nahrungsgewohnheiten und Mahltechniken. Das Beispiel von zwei Serien frühneolithischer Mahlsteine aus Nordfrankreich (Berry-au-Bac " le Vieux Tordoir" und Loison-sous-Lens) unterstreicht das Informationspotential doch ebenfalls die
Grenzen dieser Methode für die Analyse der Mahlsteine in gemäßigtem Klima.The functional analysis of grinding tools, and especially use-wear analyses developped in the last decade, aims at reconstituting their working order and the nature of the matters transformed. Our paper discusses how a phytolith analysis on querns active surface can bring information on Neolithic dietary habits and grinding techniques. Through the example of two Early Neolithic series of the northern half of France (Berry-au-Bac " Le Vieux Tordoir" et Loison-sous-Lens), we discuss the interest and limits of this method to approach the function
of querns under temperate climate.L’analyse fonctionnelle des outils de broyage, et notamment l’analyse optique des traces d’utilisation développée ces dernières années, permet de reconstituer leur fonctionnement et la nature même des substances transformées. Le présent article discute l’apport complémentaire d’une analyse des phytolithes piégés en surface des meules à la compréhension des pratiques alimentaires et techniques de broyage techniques néolithiques. L’exemple de deux séries du Néolithique ancien de la moitié nord de la France (Berry-au-Bac " Le Vieux Tordoir" et Loison-sous-Lens) souligne le potentiel informatif mais également des limites inhérentes à l’utilisation de cette méthode pour l’analyse des meules en climat tempéré.Hamon Caroline, Emery-Barbier Aline, Messager Erwan. Quelle fonction pour les meules du Néolithique ancien de la moitié Nord de la France ? Apports et limites de l’analyse phytolithique. In: Revue archéologique de Picardie. Numéro spécial 28, 2011. pp. 515-521
Souvenir Edition of Le Messager [Articles]
No full textPhotocopy of two clippings describing the publication of the souvenir edition of Le Messager.
Clipping 1: \u27Des hommages\u27 French-language article written by Robert D. Seward, source unkown.
Clipping 2: \u27May Publish Tabloid-Type Sesquicentennial Newspaper\u27 English-language article, author and source unknown, dated May 20,1970.https://digitalcommons.usm.maine.edu/le-messager/1056/thumbnail.jp
Letter Concerning the Souvenir Edition of Le Messager
No full textLetter to Louis [Philippe-Gagne?] from an unknown author outlining arrangements for the publication of the souvenir edition of Le Messager.https://digitalcommons.usm.maine.edu/le-messager/1054/thumbnail.jp
Staff of Le Messager c.1880
No full textStaff of Le Messager outside their first Lincoln St Office, in Lewiston, Maine, c. 1880.
Note 1 included with photo:
The Office staff of Le Messager
Note 1 included with photo:The Office staff of Le Messager1st row (l-R)M. J. B. Couture, directeur, M. P. S. Guilbault, contremaitreM. Henri Carpentier, M. Omer Gauvin, M. Arthur Brunelle,2nd Row:M. F. X. Gray, M. Albert Bedard, M. Odule Laplante, M. Joseph Belanger, M. N. L. Gendreau, M. Runeau,3rd rowMiss Corine Gauthier (Mrs. Eugene Dumais), [^Loretta Vachon] Miss Blanche Verville(Mrs. ALfred Sutton, and Miss Camile Lessard (Mrs. Bissonnette)Miss Lessard is the author of the famous book Canuk Note 2 included with photo:Le personel du Messager avant de guitter les atelieres de la rue Lincoln pour ceux de la rue Lisbon. Corrine Gauthier, Loretta Vachon, Blanche Verville, Camille Lessard (LIANE) nom de plumeXavier Guay, ---Bedard, Oudule Laplante, ---Belanger, --- ---.J. B. Couture, -- Guilbalt, ---Carpentier, omer Gauvin, ---Brunelle, L. N. Gendreauhttps://digitalcommons.usm.maine.edu/le-messager/1000/thumbnail.jp
MAPALP: a vegetation map of the north-western European Alps
No full textThe objective of the MAPALP map is to propose a map that i) aggregates and combines different types of spatial data in a single tool to obtain a homogenised map that provides knowledge of the regional composition and distribution of the vegetation cover in the north-western Alps area (50 km of radius), ii) provides for each of these categories of vegetation cover, an average botanical composition with the abundances of taxa, and finally iii) that provides proportions of the selected taxa for the whole area.
Although this map has been produced in the context of a palaeoecological study, the methodology developed and the final map dataset can be respectively applied and used for other types of environmental studies (soil erosion, risks, ecosystem monitoring, etc...) from land cover to habitat scales and even taxa scale
Mission de carottage 2015 - Plateau de Javakheti
No full textLa plupart des lacs du Plateau de Javakheti ont été carottés entre 2009 et 2013, à l'exception du lac Tabatskuri (cf articles http://caucasus.hypotheses.org/205 et http://caucasus.hypotheses.org/168 ). En effet, les opérations de carottages sont plus délicates et dangereuses sur ce lac en raison des vents thermiques et d'une profondeur plus importante (plus de 40m). Nous avions déjà effectué un petit carottage dans un diverticule à l'abri des vents en 2013, mais pas encore dans le lac princip..
The sedimentary signal as a characterizing element of seismic activity at the front of the Alps, during the Holocene
No full textL’activité sismique récente au front des Alpes occidentales est considérée modérée, mais peu d'informations sont disponibles sur son évolution sur le temps long. Ces travaux de thèse se concentrent sur la sismicité de cette région au cours de la période holocène (11 700 dernières années). La paléosismologie lacustre est l’approche choisie pour étudier cette période de temps longue.Le lac d’Aiguebelette a été identifié comme un site privilégié pour cette étude suite à des analyses préliminaires menées en 2017. Elles indiquent la présence de nombreux dépôts instantanés dans une des fosses (dont la situation distale à l’affluent, la rend exempte des dépôts de crues) et de varves (dépôts saisonniers). Ces caractéristiques sont clés pour construire une chronique des dépôts instantanés sismo-induits. Des analyses multi-proxy sont menées sur ces sédiments en utilisant des méthodes sédimentologiques, géochimiques et paléomagnétiques. Cette approche pluridisciplinaire a permis d'extraire et de caractériser des dépôts instantanés, particulièrement des homogénites et des turbidites-homogénites, dont 32 d’entre eux sont interprétés comme sismo-induits. Un modèle d’âge basé sur des datations radioéléments et radiocarbones, ainsi que des données d'aimantation rémanente caractéristique, permet d’établir une chronique robuste de ces dépôts.Sur la période récente, la sensibilité du lac d’Aiguebelette à l’archivage des séismes est discutée sur la base de l’identification des séismes historiques qui y sont potentiellement enregistrés. Pour cela, deux méthodes sont utilisées : (1) une méthode empirique classique, l'indice du seuil de sensibilité aux séismes (ESTI), et (2) une approche plus quantitative basée sur l’exploitation d’équations de prédiction du mouvement sismique (GMPE, équations de prédiction des mouvements au sol). Il ressort de cette analyse que le lac d’Aiguebelette est plus sensible aux événements sismiques historiques modérés (VII≤Io≤VIII), dont les épicentres sont situés dans un périmètre de quelques km à dizaines de km, plutôt qu’aux événements plus forts et plus lointains. Sur la période Holocène, la chronique établie des dépôts sismo-induits permet de souligner une période de retour d'environ 3000 à 4000 ans pour les dépôts les plus épais (⩾ 4.5 cm). Ces travaux mettent en évidence les défis de l'interprétation d'une telle chronique de sismicité. La relation entre les variations du taux de sédimentation et la répartition des dépôts instantanés sur l’Holocène, n’est pas évidente. Il reste nécessaire la part d’autres phénomènes tels que les variations du niveau du lac ou encore l’évolution des caractéristiques géotechniques des sédiments. Une relation directe entre épaisseur des dépôts et l’intensité/ la magnitude des séismes n'est pas évidente à établir.A la transition Tardiglaciaire – Holocène, des dépôts instantanés majeurs et d’âges très proches sont identifiés dans les lacs d'Aiguebelette, de Paladru, d'Annecy, du Bourget et de la Thuile. Ces occurrences quasi-simultanées de dépôts instantanés à l’échelle périalpine, suggèrent une sismicité accrue à cette période. A la fin de cette dernière période glaciaire, l’hypothèse d’un lien6entre le changement climatique rapide (accompagné du retrait des glaciers) et l’augmentation régionale des taux de sismicité est proposée.Ces travaux soulignent l'importance de combiner des approches empiriques et quantitatives pour mieux comprendre la sensibilité d'un système lacustre à l'activité sismique. Ces méthodes pourront être utilisées dans d'autres contextes géodynamiques, en particulier dans des zones à forte sismicité, afin de déterminer si un système lacustre est plus sensible aux séismes locaux et modérés ou aux séismes lointains et plus forts.Recent seismic activity in the western Alps is considered moderate, but little information is available on its long-term evolution. This thesis focuses on the seismicity of this region during the Holocene period (covering the last 11,700 years).Lacustrine paleoseismology is used to study this long time period. Lake has been identified as a privileged site for this study following preliminary analyses conducted in 2017. These analyses indicate the presence of numerous event layers in one of the basins (in a distal position from the tributary, making it free from flood deposits) and varves (seasonal deposits). These characteristics are crucial for constructing a chronicle of seismically-induced deposits. Multi-proxy analyses are conducted on these sediments. Sedimentological, geochemical, and paleomagnetic methods are used. This multidisciplinary approach is key to characterize event layers, particularly homogenites and turbidite-homogenites. 32 of them are interpreted as seismically-induced. An age-depth model based on radioelement and radiocarbon dating, as well as characteristic remanent magnetization data, is used to build a robust chronicle of these deposits.Over the recent and historical period (last 1000 years), the sensitivity of Lake Aiguebelette to earthquake recording is discussed based on the identification of potentially recorded historical earthquakes. For this purpose, two methods have been used: (1) a classical empirical method, the Earthquake Sensitivity Threshold Index (ESTI), and (2) a more quantitative approach based on the exploitation of ground motion prediction equations (GMPEs). The analysis shows that Lake Aiguebelette is more sensitive to moderate historical seismic events (VII≤Io≤VIII) with epicenters located within a perimeter of a few to tens of kilometers, rather than stronger and more distant events.For the Holocene period, the chronicle of seismically-induced deposits highlights a recurrence interval of approximately 3000 to 4000 years for the thickest deposits (⩾ 4.5 cm). This PhD thesis emphasizes the challenges of interpreting such a seismicity chronicle. The relationship between sedimentation rate variations and the distribution of event layers over the the Holocene is not obvious. It is still necessary to analyze the influence of other phenomena such as lake level variations or the evolution of sediment geotechnical characteristics. Likewise, establishing a direct relationship between deposit thickness and earthquake intensity/magnitude is not straightforward.At the Late Glacial - Holocene transition, major event layers of similar ages are identified in Lake Aiguebelette, Paladru, Annecy, Bourget, and La Thuile. These quasi-simultaneous occurrences of instant deposits at the peri-Alpine scale suggest increased seismicity during this period. The hypothesis of a link between rapid climate change (accompanied by glacier retreat) and regional increases in seismicity rates is proposed.This work emphasizes the importance of combining empirical and quantitative approaches to better understand the sensitivity of a lacustrine system to seismic activity. These methods can be used in other geodynamic contexts, particularly in areas with high seismicity, to determine whether a lacustrine system is more sensitive to local and moderate earthquakes or to distant and stronger earthquakes
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