1,721,031 research outputs found
Assessing dinosaur growth patterns: a microscopic revolution
No full textErickson, Gregory M. (2005): Assessing dinosaur growth patterns: a microscopic revolution. TRENDS in Ecology and Evolution 20 (12): 677-684, DOI: 10.1016/j.tree.2005.08.01
Bite marks attributable to<i>Tyrannosaurus rex</i>: Preliminary description and implications
No full textErickson, Gregory M., Kenneth H. Olson (1996): Bite marks attributable to Tyrannosaurus rex: preliminary description and implications. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 16 (1): 175-178, DOI: 10.1080/02724634.1996.1001129
in millimeters measurements all, specimens rex Tyrannosaurus other and 2523.8 P RSM of measurements Select. 1 TABLE in An Older and Exceptionally Large Adult Specimen of Tyrannosaurus rex
No full textin millimeters measurements all, specimens rex Tyrannosaurus other and 2523.8 P RSM of measurements Select. 1 TABLEPublished as part of Persons, Scott W, Currie, Philip J. & Erickson, Gregory M., 2019, An Older and Exceptionally Large Adult Specimen of Tyrannosaurus rex, pp. 1-17 in The Anatomical Record 302 on page 14, DOI: 10.1002/ar.24118, http://zenodo.org/record/325181
Fig. 5 in An Older and Exceptionally Large Adult Specimen of Tyrannosaurus rex
No full textFig. 5. Pathologic dorsal rib head of RSM P2523.8. Swollen region suggests an incompletely healed injury or infection.Published as part of Persons, Scott W, Currie, Philip J. & Erickson, Gregory M., 2019, An Older and Exceptionally Large Adult Specimen of Tyrannosaurus rex, pp. 1-17 in The Anatomical Record 302 on page 4, DOI: 10.1002/ar.24118, http://zenodo.org/record/325181
Fig. 2. Select vertebrae from RSM P2523.8. A in An Older and Exceptionally Large Adult Specimen of Tyrannosaurus rex
No full textFig. 2. Select vertebrae from RSM P2523.8. A, Dorsal and anterior caudal vertebrae showing variation in the fusion of the neural arch to the centrum. B, The second and third sacral vertebrae, in right lateral view. All scale bars = 10 cm.Published as part of Persons, Scott W, Currie, Philip J. & Erickson, Gregory M., 2019, An Older and Exceptionally Large Adult Specimen of Tyrannosaurus rex, pp. 1-17 in The Anatomical Record 302 on page 3, DOI: 10.1002/ar.24118, http://zenodo.org/record/325181
Edmontosaurus Lambe 1917
No full textAn additional specimen, a proximal pedal phalanx of Edmontosaurus sp. (University of California, Museum of Paleontology; cast 140601) from the same general vicinity as the Triceratops pelvis, shows T. rexlike bite marks (i.e. broad and deep elongate bite furrows). The element has five bite mark furrows distributed axially on its dorsal and lateral surfaces (Fig. 4). The largest furrow is 5.4 cm long and 0.9 cm deep. The bite furrows are deeper toward the proximal end of the element, suggesting that the tyrannosaur was pulling away from the carcass as it produced the bite marks. No serration marks are evident on the specimen.Published as part of Erickson, Gregory M. & Kenneth H. Olson, 1996, Bite marks attributable to Tyrannosaurus rex: preliminary description and implications, pp. 175-178 in Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 16 (1) on page 175, DOI: 10.1080/02724634.1996.10011297, http://zenodo.org/record/373243
FIG. 2 in Bite-force estimation for Tyrannosaurus rex from tooth-marked bones
No full textFIG. 2 Typical force against penetration curves produced during the penetration of bovine ilia by an adult Tyrannosaurus rex tooth replica. The two curves represent simulations conducted on samples with 2.5-mm thick cortices.Published as part of Erickson, Gregory M., Van Kirk, Samuel D., Su, Jinntung, Levenston, Marc E., Caler, William E. & Carter, Dennis R., 1996, Bite-force estimation for Tyrannosaurus rex from tooth-marked bones, pp. 706-708 in Nature 382 (6593) on page 707, DOI: 10.1038/382706a0, http://zenodo.org/record/373096
Bite-force estimation for Tyrannosaurus rex from tooth-marked bones
No full textErickson, Gregory M., Van Kirk, Samuel D., Su, Jinntung, Levenston, Marc E., Caler, William E., Carter, Dennis R. (1996): Bite-force estimation for Tyrannosaurus rex from tooth-marked bones. Nature 382 (6593): 706-708, DOI: 10.1038/382706a
Box 4 in Assessing dinosaur growth patterns: a microscopic revolution
No full textBox 4. Comparison of maximal growth rates in dinosaurs to those in extant vertebrates In Figure I, Maximal growth rates for dinosaurs were deduced from age-mass growth curves for six dinosaurs represented by lettered boxes (from smallest to largest: Shuvuuia (Sh), Psittacosaurus (P), SYntarsus (Sy), MassospondYlus (Ms), Maiasaura (Ma) and Apatosaurus (A); [10]). These data were then plotted with similar data for major living vertebrate clades [5]. A regression line was fitted to the dinosaur data spanning the bounds of known dinosaur size. The results show that whole-organism growth rates for dinosaurs were faster than those of living reptiles of equivalent size. This finding supports qualitative conclusions to the same effect based on tissue-level signal and the reasoning underlying Amprino's rule [11,26]. However the data do not conform to theories that dinosaurs grew in the same manner as living birds, mammals [6], or at rates between reptiles and birds and/or mammals [8]. Rather, dinosaur growth rates show a unique scaling trajectory. The regression [Maximal growth rate 0.002215 (M)0.925; R2 0.961] also reveals that small = adult = size in dinosaurs involved decreases in absolute growth rates [10]. One caveat of this being the first plot of its kind is that only a small sampling of species was available at the time. The addition of further data, particularly for large sauropods, where Sander [23] has found what appear to be considerably lower growth rates than those reported by Curry [25], might force reanalysis of the aforementioned trends. (Redrawn and reproduced with permission from [10].)Published as part of Erickson, Gregory M., 2005, Assessing dinosaur growth patterns: a microscopic revolution, pp. 677-684 in TRENDS in Ecology and Evolution 20 (12) on page 681, DOI: 10.1016/j.tree.2005.08.012, http://zenodo.org/record/373305
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