1,721,000 research outputs found
The Ethics of Agribusiness: Justice and Global Food in Focus
No full textThis book offers an original perspective on food supply chains. It argues that the ability to trade food on a global scale could be intrinsically good aside from any instrumental value that people gain from it.
While the author\u27s argument seems to counter wholesale anti-agribusiness views, it is consistent with the larger goals of food-justice movements. The author examines the structures of food supply chains, revealing the kinds of harm they help produce. They include slavery, abusive labor, geopolitical exploitation, ecological degradation, and public health impacts. Although the book argues that food supply chains can be collectively beneficial, eliminating their immoral features must hold steady as a continuous enterprise. Securing this outcome means that we go beyond critique. The final chapter advocates for the sustainable food label to address issues of food justice and food sovereignty.
Ethics in Agribusiness will interest researchers and advanced students working in food ethics, environmental ethics, and agricultural ethics
Weak Anthropocentrism’s Future
No full textAlthough Eugene Hargrove did not invent weak anthropocentrism, his version lacks adequate representation in several pedagogical and research venues in environmental ethics. In turn, weak anthropocentrism is one of the lesser-appreciated approaches when compared to areas such as ecocentrism. The author argues Hargrove\u27s version remains highly applicable to several of today\u27s ecological issues and advances in neighboring subfields, such as philosophy of technology, philosophy of food, and the emerging area of philosophy of the city. These points suggest weak anthropocentrism could require additional study to understand how it could enhance environmental thought and could benefit philosophy\u27s future in classrooms and research explorations
Urban Enlightenment: Multistakeholder Engagement and the City
No full textThis Book Applies the Concept of Moral Ordering to Urban Affairs. It Demonstrates How Multi-Stakeholder Engagement Can Enhance the Quality of City Life While Supporting Ambitions Such as Ethical Urban Sustainability and Human Flourishing. While There is a History of Philosophers Viewing Cities as Technologies, Cities\u27 Encompassing Nature Inherently Limits Them. Urban Sustainability Matters Often Affect Marginalized and Vulnerable People, the Public, Nonhuman Species, Future Generations, and Urban Artifacts. Problems Can Arise When Stakeholders\u27 Interests and Needs Appear at Odds. the Author Argues in Favor of the Concept of Moral Ordering, a Process Designed to Address Issues Involving Different Stakeholder Groups Such as Municipal Officials and Residents. by Employing Moral Ordering, a View Comes into Focus, Revealing that the Attention that Each Group Receives Reflects their Place in the Process, Providing the Necessary Degree of Moral Respect. Finally, the Author Shows How Moral Ordering Can Lead to Urban Enlightenment. He Examines Real-World Applications of Moral Ordering, Such as New York City\u27s Participatory Budgeting Project, to Make the Case that Municipalities Can Begin to Bolster Municipal-Community Relations in Ways that Promote Urban Enlightenment. Urban Enlightenment Will Appeal to Researchers and Advanced Students Working in Philosophy of the City, Applied Ethics, Philosophy of Technology, Urban Planning, Environmental Studies, and Political Science
Ethical Requirements for Transport Systems with Automated Buses
No full textPhilosophers and researchers across the academy have addressed numerous ethical aspects of automated vehicles. Despite these advancements, they have said little about automated buses. Unlike personal vehicles, buses provide some users with more than just mobility. They provide care and community, aspects of transportation that may be under-appreciated. Exploring these dimensions is the purpose of this paper. While there are several practical concerns for this position, such arguments are secondary. We should not (fully) automate all buses because some vulnerable populations require care from bus drivers to mitigate some dangers that stem from some cities\u27 designs. In turn, the author employs care ethics to advocate for the view that some human drivers should be retained because they serve in care positions that should not be replaced with fully automated systems
Participatory Budgeting and Vertical Agriculture: A Thought Experiment in Food System Reform
No full textWhile researchers have identified numerous problems with food systems, sustainable, just, and workable solutions remain scarce. Recent developments in the food justice literature, however, show which local food movements favor sustainability and justice as problem-solving measures. Yet, some of the ways that these approaches could work in concert are overlooked. Through focusing on how they are compatible, we can understand how such endeavors can improve the conditions for community control and reduce the detrimental effects of agribusiness. In this paper, the author proposes a participatory budgeting project that involves a relatively new process called vertical agriculture to alleviate some of the harm that current agricultural practices cause. In turn, we see how such a measure can improve the integrity of municipal governance and reshape the power structures that control food systems
On Municipalities as Technologies
No full textAlthough there is a history in urban thought wherein scholars view cities as technologies, the encompassing character of such views inherently limits them. In turn, their usefulness does not efficiently support the kind of thinking that is required to deliver worthwhile outcomes that can promote social justice and human flourishing. However, narrowing the focus through examining municipalities as technologies offers possibilities that can help us achieve such goals. To maximize the utility of this endeavor, employing the structural-ethics approach provides a way to assess urban technologies to achieve success. In this paper, the author explores the ideas above, revealing how they advance our thinking when it comes to remaking, planning, and building existing and future cities. The article concludes by linking these claims to other lessons in urban studies and geography
The Penalosa Principle of Transportation Democracy: Lessons from Bogota on the Morality of Urban Mobility
No full textThe mayor of Bogotá, Enrique Peñalosa strives to deliver transit services that promote social equity through bicycle lanes, improved sidewalks, and a world-famous Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) system, TransMilenio. Through examining the principles that guide his planning, we can flesh out a starting point for socially just transit systems. While such measures can alleviate several harms that transit systems cause, they rest on an incomplete foundation due to their top-down nature. To amend this situation, the author argues for a restorative justice approach to transportation democracy, using examples from Peñalosa\u27s mayoral tenure. In turn, lessons from Bogotá\u27s transportation history reveal how to develop transit systems that strongly favor justice
Automated Vehicles and Transportation Justice
No full textDespite numerous ethical examinations of automated vehicles, philosophers have neglected to address how these technologies will affect vulnerable people. To account for this lacuna, researchers must analyze how driverless cars could hinder or help social justice. In addition to thinking through these aspects, scholars must also pay attention to the extensive moral dimensions of automated vehicles, including how they will affect the public, nonhumans, future generations, and culturally significant artifacts. If planners and engineers undertake this task, then they will have to prioritize their efforts to avoid additional harm. The author shows how employing an approach called a complex moral assessment can help professionals implement these technologies into existing mobility systems in a just and moral fashion
Infrastructure, Urban Sprawl, and Naturally-Occurring Asbestos: An Ontological Thought Model for Wicked and Saving Technologies
Get PDFRecently, geologists in Southern Nevada discovered new deposits of naturally occurring asbestos and microscopic fibers in rocks and soil. The danger is that inhaling them can lead to mesothelioma. One problem is that this rare cancer often takes decades to manifest. This discovery abruptly stalled a highway project near Las Vegas. Due to this condition, management developed numerous protocols to keep workers safe. Using this case as a thought model, the author challenges an established way of categorizing kinds of technologies as they relate to the concept of being. In turn, this thought model reveals that climate change alters the conditions for being, as recognized in the literature. Advancing this conversation requires that we must reclassify some technologies and develop a categorization for those that reflect a different way of thinking as it concerns being
Vulnerable Groups, Virtual Cities, and Social Isolation
No full textThe number of people suffering from perpetual loneliness continues to increase, diminishing their wellbeing. While this condition affects people\u27s mental life, research shows that it also significantly impacts physical health. Those enduring such hardships often have superficial encounters, but they lack meaningful social engagement with others. Addressing this problem requires highly specialized and interdisciplinary mitigatory efforts. The increasing economic feasibility of virtual reality equipment can help remedy some of these situations, especially when users can connect in supportive digital environs, virtual cities. In turn, this exploratory paper examines how creating specific kinds of virtual cities could facilitate meaningful social engagements, which can improve numerous people\u27s living conditions. The author fleshes out this view, showing that these technologies\u27 progressive nature can be shaped to secure the needed measures to improve the quality of some people\u27s lives
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