1,721,254 research outputs found
Premmsa a Questioni di autorialità fra Medioevo ed Età Moderna, a cura di Ettore Grandoni e Enrico Moretti
No full textPremessa a un volume che si occupa di problemi di autorialità nei testi della letteratura italiana tra XII e XVI secol
Per la prima fortuna di un’identificazione: Boccaccio, lo scolare Rinieri, il protagonista del Corbaccio
No full text
I protesti di Bono Boni fra retorica umanistica e cultura mercantile
No full textI testi dell’oratoria quattrocentesca in volgare pongono diverse questioni in merito alla loro autorialità, in quanto tramandati spesso anonimi o con false attribuzioni e soggetti a fenomeni di plagio. Il presente contributo intende affrontare questi problemi attraverso l’esame di tre discorsi attribuiti a Bono Boni, banchiere fiorentino della metà del Quattrocento: si analizzerà la loro tradizione manoscritta e il reticolo delle fonti, con particolare attenzione a due citazioni, una petrarchesca e una boccacciana, che vi compaiono, per indagare le tracce di cultura umanistica e mercantile che in essi si esprimono e interrogarsi sulla fisionomia del codice di «pistole e dicerie» su cui Bono affinò probabilmente la sua tecnica retorica.The texts of fifteenth-century vernacular oratory pose several questions regarding their authorship, as they are often handed down anonymously or with false attributions and subject to plagiarism. The present contribution intends to address these problems through the examination of three speeches attributed to Bono Boni, a Florentine banker of the mid-15th century: their manuscript tradition and the network of sources will be analyzed, with particular attention to two quotations, one Petrarchan and one Boccaccian, that appear in them, in order to investigate the traces of humanistic and mercantile culture expressed in them and to question the physiognomy of the codex of «pistole e dicerie» on which Bono probably refined his rhetorical technique
Biological Gender Differences, Absenteeism and the Earning Gap
No full textIn most countries, women are absent from work more frequently than men. Using personnel data, we find that the absences of women below the age of 45 follow a 28-day cycle, while the absences of men and of women over the age of 45 do not. We interpret this as evidence that the menstrual cycle increases female absenteeism. To investigate the effect on women's earnings, we use a simple model of statistical discrimination. Consistent with the model, we find absenteeism has a more negative effect on men's earnings and this difference declines with seniority. The increased absenteeism induced by the 28-day cycle explains at least 14 percent of the earnings gender differential. (JEL J16, J22, J31
Estimating and Testing Models with Many Treatment Levels and Limited Instruments
Full text linkMany empirical microeconomic studies estimate econometric models that assume a single finite-valued discrete endogenous regressor (for example: different levels of schooling), exogenous regressors that are additively separable and enter the equation linearly; and coefficients (including per-unit treatment effects) that are homogeneous in the population. Empirical researchers interested in the causal effect of the endogenous regressor often use instrumental variables. When few valid instruments are available, researchers typically estimate restricted specifications that impose uniform per-unit treatment effects, even when these effects are likely to vary depending on the treatment level. In these cases, ordinary least squares (OLS) and instrumental variables (IV) estimators identify different weighted averages of all per-unit effects, so the traditional Hausman test (based on the restricted specification) is uninformative about endogeneity. Addressing this concern, we develop a new exogeneity test that compares the IV estimate from the restricted model with an appropriately weighted average of all per-unit effects estimated from the more general model using OLS. Notably, our test works even when the true model cannot be estimated using IV methods as long as a single valid instrument is available (e.g. a single binary instrument). We re-visit three recent empirical examples that examine the role of educational attainment on various outcomes to demonstrate the practical value of our test.
Questioni di autorialità fra Medioevo ed Età Moderna / Questions d’auctorialité du Moyen Âge à l’époque moderne
No full textDare una definizione di autorialità nel periodo che va dal XIII al XVI secolo è operazione complessa: da un lato, l’opera letteraria è continuamente soggetta all’azione di attori esterni (copisti, editori, stampatori) su cui l’autore ha poco o nessun controllo; dall’altro, il ruolo di quest’ultimo non può essere valutato solo sulla base di criteri moderni come quello di originalità. Eppure, la questione dell’autorialità rimane ineludibile, sia per la corretta ricostruzione filologica dei testi, sia per la migliore comprensione del retroterra culturale che li ha prodotti. Per questo motivo, i saggi qui raccolti mirano a indagare, a partire da diversi casi di studio, le molteplici sfumature che l’autorialità può assumere nel periodo considerato
Volonté de l’auteur et philologie de la réception
No full textDepuis des décennies, à la suite des théories littéraires du
xxe siècle, l’auteur est au coeur de la réflexion herméneutique.
Les interventions de Foucault, Barthes ou encore Genette ont
conduit à un effacement progressif de l’identité historique de
l’auteur au profit de sa « voix », de ce qui est identifiable par
le biais de son style. La philologie, gagnée elle aussi par ce
questionnement, a été contrainte ces dernières années à redéfinir
ses catégories conceptuelles classiques, telles celles d’« original »
ou de « dernière volonté de l’auteur », pour se concentrer sur les
dynamiques affectant la transmission d’un texte. Ce changement
de perspective, inauguré par Bédier, a vu dans les études
de Jauss, Avalle et Zumthor l’affirmation de l’intérêt pour le
moment de la réception d’une oeuvre d’une oeuvre, puisque,
en l’absence d’autographes, il reste le seul à être concrètement
attesté. Néanmoins, la confrontation entre les motivations de la
philologie reconstructive et celles de la philologie de la réception
reste aujourd’hui essentielle. Dans le sillage de ce débat, les
essais réunis dans ce recueil examinent divers cas de réception
d’oeuvres littéraires classiques et médiévales, non pas d’un
point de vue exclusivement synchronique, mais en essayant de
rendre compte des changements (codicologiques, linguistiques,
culturels) dont témoignent les manuscrits, avec la conviction que
la mesure du chemin parcouru par une oeuvre et l’éclairage des
étapes individuelles peuvent aussi aider à reconstruire la volonté
de l’auteur
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