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Lingua Franca
No full text2. Introduction 3. English Only 4. Convertible Currencies 5. Lingua Franca 6. Discussion 7. References Abstract This paper examines a set of three patterns that examine the issues that arise when data are to be shared among several applications in one or more different formats. When an ENGLISH ONLY/STANDARD REPRESENTATION can be used, conversion and translation are moot issues. However, this simplicity is not without its cost. When freely CONVERTIBLE CURRENCIES are available, data are not isolated and trapped by incompatible representations. However, as the number of formats increases, conversion becomes a complicated problem. A LINGUA FRANCA addresses the problem posed when representations proliferate. If a standard secondary tongue is adopted, a much smaller number of translators or converters is required to ensure universal translation. Introduction 1 of 19 7/29/98 16:17 Lingua Franca http://laputa.isdn.uiuc.edu/lingua.htm It has long been recognized that a variety of problems ..
IMPORTANT FEATURES OF THE SERVICE SECTOR AND TRADE IN SERVICES IN TRANSITION ECONOMIES TRANSPORT SERVICES ∗
No full textNote by the secretariat 1. The development of modern transport and related infrastructure is critical for the development of international trade and the international mobility of production factors. Transport services are horizontal: they service all sectors of the economy at various stages of production, distribution and consumption. From a geographical perspective, effective transportation contributes to levelling out regional imbalances both within countries and at the European level. This transport function is particularly important in view of the integration prospects in Europe and intensified exchanges between the European Union (EU) and the Central and Eastern European Countries (CEEC). 2. In statistical terms, transport services include activities related to providing passenger or freight transport by rail, pipeline, road, water or air. Different types of transport vary considerably in terms of factor intensities. Rail and pipeline transport for example, are highly capital-intensive, whereas road transport is not. At the same time, rail transport and road transportare labour-intensive, whereas in the pipeline sector the labour costs are marginal. The UN/ECE secretariat would like to thank Mr. Astrit Sulstarova, an intern with the secretariat, for his contribution to the preparation of this addendum. GE. 01-TRADE/2001/1/Add.2 page
EUROPEAN COMMISSION STATISTICAL OFFICE OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES (EUROSTAT) A GRAPHICAL FRAMEWORK TO EVALUATE RISK ASSESSMENT
No full textA graphical framework to evaluate risk assessment and information loss at individual level Giovanni Seri
E Economic and Social
No full textThis document is submitted to the Committee for Trade, Industry and Enterprise Development for endorsement. Previous Documentation: TRADE/R.650/Rev.1 (Mandate, Terms of Reference and Procedures for UN/CEFACT) TRADE/R.650 (Recommendations for the Establishement of CEFACT) TRADE/WP.4/R.1234 (Recommendations for the establishment of CEFACT) * Apart from minor editorial changes, the document has been reproduced as received by the secretariat. GE.00- TRADE/R.650/Rev.2 page
CHANGING DYNAMICS OF GLOBAL COMPUTER SOFTWARE AND SERVICES INDUSTRY: IMPLICATIONS FOR DEVELOPING COUNTRIES
No full textPaper prepared by the UNCTAD secretariat ∗ ∗ Paper prepared in collaboration with Dr. Jeremy Howells E/CN.16/2001/Misc. 5 page 2 CONTENT
TERMS OF REFERENCE Submitted by International Union of Railways (UIC) Road/Rail Interface Safety Group TERMS OF REFERENCE Strategic Objective
No full textIn the short term to bring together safety specialists from the road and rail so as to better understand the issues at this intermodal interface. Longer term, through a multi-disciplined strategic plan, foster a contribution to the reduction of the level of operating risks to rail from errors and omissions by third parties whilst supporting the overall objective of reducing the instances of fatality to road users and pedestrians. Role The role of this multidisciplinary group is to provide guidance, advice and direction through the UN-ECE Working Party 1 to the UN-ECE Member States on national policy and initiatives that will reduce the level of operating risks to rail from errors and omissions by third parties at places where there is a level interface between road and rail including foot paths. The group will incorporate the following broad principles: � Adopt a “Safe System ” approach gathering the 5 key elements typically used in level crossing safety of Engagement, Education, Engineering, Enforcement and Economics leading to safer road use, safer vehicles, safer roads and road sides, safer speeds and finally safe behaviour, Railway level crossings can be considered within the same system by the recognition of these elements at the interface between road and rail. � Engage with industry, government, enforcement agencies, road and railway stakeholders and system users
Joint ECE/Eurostat Work Session on Registers and
No full text1. The Office for National Statistics Longitudinal Study (LS) is a large dynamic record linkage database, with regular updates of information from censuses and vital events, which is used for analysis on a wide range of subjects. It is fully supported for access within a ‘safe setting ’ environment at ONS in London. During its twenty-five year life the study has used
DATA EDITING AND LOGIC
No full textTopic (iv): New and emerging methods, including automation through machine learning, imputation, evaluation of method
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