1,721,033 research outputs found
Tra mobilità e migrazione. La circolazione in Europa delle risorse umane ad alta qualificazione provenienti da paesi non europei
Full text linkLa mobilità accademica ha acquisito i tratti sempre più marcati di un vero e proprio fenomeno migratorio. In Italia e in Spagna, le strategie di internazionalizzazione a livello sovranazionale e istituzionale e la presenza di figure "tutor" nei paesi di origine e destinazione oltre che orientare le scelte di mobilità dei ricercatori stranieri rappresentano forze trainanti per la migrazione accademica.To this day, academic mobility has acquired increasingly marked traits of a true migratory phenomenon. In Italy and Spain, the internationalization strategies at supranational and institutional level, and the presence of “tutor" figures in the country of origin and destination could steer mobility choice of foreign researchers and could be driving forces for academic migration
Public Funding Country Profiles. Ireland. Annex 16
No full textThe report presents an outline of national characteristics in the structure of public research funding from 2000 to 2014 in Ireland, based on the methodology and data collection from the contract on the Analysis of National Public Research Funding (PREF). Some data on R&D expenditures have been put in the Report as background information of the country analysed
The Disclosure of University Research for Third Parties: A Non-Market Perspective on an Italian University
No full textNations, universities, and regional governments promote the dissemination of scientific and technical knowledge. They focus on knowledge-based innovations and the university’s economic function in terms of technology transfer, intellectual property, university–industry–government relations etc. Faculties other than engineering or applied sciences, however, may not be able to recognize opportunities in this ‘linear model’ of technology transfer. We elaborate a non-market perspective on the third mission in terms of disclosure of the knowledge and areas of expertise available for disclosure to other audiences at a provincial university. The use of information and communications technologies can enhance communication between actors on the supply and demand sides. Using an idea developed in the context of the Dutch science shops, university staff were questioned about keywords and areas of expertise with the specific purpose of disclosing this information to audiences other than academic colleagues. The results were brought online in a hyperlink index structure
The patenting regime in the Italian public research system: what motivates public inventors to patent
Full text linkThe paper deals with two aspects: the public ownership of intellectual property rights and the holding of the title (individuals vs institutions) for the public financed research. A key problem in the past and still now in Europe has been the low transfer of results coming from public research to industrial users. Recently a new trend developed which favours the patenting of the scientific results of public actors. This change partly comes from the modification of the public funding mechanism of allocation and goes with changes in the regulation and regime related to the ownership of intellectual property rights. The paper is built on a pilot study, which controlled if and how the modification in national regulation affected the actors’ behaviour. It is based on a survey of public inventors, in two public institutions (Cnr and Roma 1 University) who disclosed their inventions to the institutions in the last three years; on interviews with the responsible persons of the patent offices in the two institutions and on some data from the Cnr 2005 patent portfolio. This pilot study on public patenting in Italy seems to confirm the persistence of the academic incentives in the patenting activities of the public research institutions, even in presence of the 2001 patenting regime, aimed to assign IPR title to the public inventors. Furthermore the results highlight the presence of a relation between public institutions and firms that are not completely captured by the patenting indicators. Patents are only the emerging part of a more large hidden area of relationships between public institutions and industrial firms.Public patenting, Regulation on public patenting, Incentives for public inventors, Determinants of public patenting
Public Funding Country Profiles. Switzerland. Annex 37
No full textThe report presents an outline of national characteristics in the structure of public research funding from 2000 to 2014 in Switzerland based on the methodology and data collection from the contract on the Analysis of National Public Research Funding (PREF). Some data on R&D expenditures have been put in the Report as background information of the country analysed
New Tools for the Governance of the Academic Research in Italy: the Role of Research Evaluation
Full text linkEvaluation has been put on the agenda of most Governments as a central process to enhance the public research institutions’ performance (Geuna, 1999, Geuna and Martin, 2003, Shapira and Kuhlman, 2003). New agencies or intermediate bodies have been settled up, both at the Government and at the institutions’ level, aiming to assess the quality of research and its impact on the socio-economic environment. In Italy, the pressure for a greater accountability of the public research institutions started at the beginning of nineties, but the system was deeply modified in 1999. Moreover, the Government at the beginning of 2004 launched a formalised evaluation exercise (the VTR), aimed to assess the research performance of all the public institutions (Universities and public research agencies) across scientific fields, for a three-years period. The modification recently introduced in the Government criteria for the core funding allocation to the Universities would assure the impact of VTR results on funding decisions. Different key interested groups, both from academics (Conference of Rectors) and from stakeholders (mainly Industrial Associations), contributed to the development of the described process, by interacting with the Government and with the intermediate bodies in charge for establishing the evaluation procedures. The aim of the paper is to investigate how the new evaluation procedures, even at this early stage, have been implemented by the public research institutions, and how these procedures are changing the internal models of research direction and organisation. The paper was prepared for the Sociology of the Sciences Yearbook Conference on “Changing Knowledge Production through Evaluation” Bielefeld, 9-11 June 2005Academic research; Governance; Research Evaluation; Accountability; Research assessment
Agile working in Public Research Organizations during the COVID-19 pandemic
Full text linkCNR-IRCrES has investigated on the effects of the agile working on researchers and technologists, in the specific context of the Italian Public Research Organizations (PROs), during the COVID-19 pandemic. The project is one of the research initiatives launched by the CNR to deal with the emergency of COVID-19. Between February and March 2021, one year after the widespread emergency adoption of agile working during the COVID-19 pandemic, a survey was launched, which was based on a structured online questionnaire targeted to the research personnel working in two Italian PROs. Our investigation focuses on several dimensions either directly related to the research work – namely: scientific creativity and productivity, researchers’ well being, the use of ICT tools – or involving general aspects, such as the effects on the environment by the reduction of the carbon footprint.- Chapter 1. Introduction #4- Chapter 2. The methodology of the survey on the effects of agile working in Italian Public Research Organizations #10- Chapter 3. Individual autonomy and research creativity in time of COVID-19 #22- Chapter 4. Scientific productivity and smart working. Evidence from researchers’ perception #44- Chapter 5. Agile working and well-being during the COVID-19 pandemic #60- Chapter 6. The use of ICT services and tools by PRO research personnel in agile working during the COVID-19 pandemic #80- Chapter 7. Environmental implications of agile working: an assessment of commuting emissions #102- Chapter 8. Concluding remarks #118- Annex: Questionnaire #12
Public Funding Country Profiles. Estonia. Annex 9
No full textThe report presents an outline of national characteristics in the structure of public research funding from 2007 to 2016 in Estonia based on the methodology and data collection from the contract on the Analysis of National Public Research Funding (PREF). Some data on R&D expenditures have been put in the Report as background information of the country analysed
Public Funding Country Profiles. Germany. Annex 12
No full textThe report presents an outline of national characteristics in the structure of public research funding from 2000 to 2014 in Germany, based on the methodology and data collection from the contract on the Analysis of National Public Research Funding (PREF). Some data on R&D expenditures have been put in the Report as background information of the country analysed
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