478 research outputs found
Population genetics and ecology of rare bumblebee species in the UK
No full textThe population genetic structure of three rare and declining bumblebee species, Bombus muscorum, B. humilis, and B. sylvarum was examined using microsatellite markers. We find evidence of significant genetic structuring in both oceanic island populations of B. muscorum and in fragmented mainland populations of B. jumilis and B. Sylvarum. In the former species we find that all populations greater than 10km apart are significantly differentiated from one another suggesting dispersal above this distance is infrequent. Evidence of genetic bottlenecks was found in populations of both B. muscorum and B. humilis. All three species show reduced genetic diversity relative to the common B. pascuorum and fragmented UK populations of B. sylvarum show reduced genetic diversity relative to a continental population. Effective population sizes were found to be low in B. humilis and B. sylvarum, especially so in the latter species. Diploid male production was observed in all three rare species, but was infrequent. We propose that diploid male production is not an appropriate measure of inbreeding depression for social Hymenoptera. Why some bumblebee species have declined in the face of agricultural intensification while others have not is not well understood. Diet breadth of rare species was examined as a possible explanation of this. To some extent all three rare species studied show a narrow diet breadth. We hypothesize that this is because as these species emerge late, they must specialize on plants with higher quality pollen in order to raise the brood more quickly. Following losses of floral diversity, agricultural intensification has than affected these species more greatly.</p
NewFotoScapes
No full textPhotography has never been a more dominant and embedded part of contemporary culture than it is now. The Internet, digital technology and social media have amplified our ability to connect and build communities, and sharing and communication of images has facilitated an exponential growth in picture capture and digital distribution. NEWFOTOSCAPES seeks to navigate the evolving topography surrounding the image in the twenty-first century; offering a focused eye on the contemporary creative author-curator and image-maker and on the possibilities afforded by an increasingly complex professional landscape. Jonathan Shaw advocates a new way of thinking about photographic production and education in a post-digital era. NEWFOTOSCAPES is a collection of curated texts arising from a series of in-depth conversations with key stakeholders in, and influential commentators on, photography; including Andy Adams (Flakphoto), David Campbell, Charlotte Cotton, Dónall Curtin, Nathaniel Pitt, Mishka Henner, Francis Hodgson, Dewi Lewis, Stephen Mayes and Katrina Sluis. Perspectives and views cover a wide range of topics such as; agencies, appropriation, archives, community, curation, governance, licensing, mobile, networked-image, open education, photobooks, power and value. In the spirit of today’s mobile and connected world NEWFOTOSCAPES will be simultaneously available on the web under a Creative Commons license and versioned in online, eBook and Print formats
NewFotoScapes
No full textPhotography has never been a more dominant and embedded part of contemporary culture than it is now. The Internet, digital technology and social media have amplified our ability to connect and build communities, and sharing and communication of images has facilitated an exponential growth in picture capture and digital distribution. NEWFOTOSCAPES seeks to navigate the evolving topography surrounding the image in the twenty-first century; offering a focused eye on the contemporary creative author-curator and image-maker and on the possibilities afforded by an increasingly complex professional landscape. Jonathan Shaw advocates a new way of thinking about photographic production and education in a post-digital era. NEWFOTOSCAPES is a collection of curated texts arising from a series of in-depth conversations with key stakeholders in, and influential commentators on, photography; including Andy Adams (Flakphoto), David Campbell, Charlotte Cotton, Dónall Curtin, Nathaniel Pitt, Mishka Henner, Francis Hodgson, Dewi Lewis, Stephen Mayes and Katrina Sluis. Perspectives and views cover a wide range of topics such as; agencies, appropriation, archives, community, curation, governance, licensing, mobile, networked-image, open education, photobooks, power and value. In the spirit of today’s mobile and connected world NEWFOTOSCAPES will be simultaneously available on the web under a Creative Commons license and versioned in online, eBook and Print formats
Traduire sous la contrainte: la traduction et la numérisation de la poésie
No full textThe thesis addresses the translation and digitization of 1910s-1920s Russian poetry known as “zaum poetry”. The first chapter is a study of Russian zaum poetry from Velimir Hlebnikov, Aleksej Kručënyh and Il’â Zdanevič. The second chapter is an analysis of the reception of zaum poetry in Paris during the 1920s and during the after-war period. The third part is a critical and theoretical study of the problems of translating zaum poetry towards English and French. It includes studies of translations of zaum poetry by Jean-Claude Lanne, Allison Pultz and Gerald Janecek, André Markowicz, Régis Gayraud and Yvan Mignot. The fourth chapter is an analysis of translations of poems from Aleksej Kručënyh and Il’â Zdanevič by the author, as well as an analysis of their digital remediation by the author.Ph. D.Includes bibliographical referencesIncludes vitaby Jonathan Baillehach
Book Reviews
No full text'War and Underdevelopment. Volume 1: The Economic and Social Consequences of Conflict'; Authors: Frances Stewart, Valpy FitzGerald and Associates; Reviewer: Nigel Harris; 'War and Underdevelopment. Volume 2: Country Experiences'; Authors: Frances Stewart, Valpy FitzGerald and Associates; Reviewer: Nigel Harris; 'War, Hunger and Displacement: The Origins of Humanitarian Emergencies. Volume 1: Analysis'; Editors: E. Wayne Nafziger, Frances Stewart and Raimo Vayrynen; Reviewer: Martin Shaw; 'War, Hunger and Displacement: The Origins of Humanitarian Emergencies. Volume 2: Case Studies'; Editors: E. Wayne Nafziger, Frances Stewart and Raimo Vayrynen; Reviewer: Martin Shaw; 'The Kosovo Report: Conflict, International Response, Lessons Learned'; Author: International Independent Commission on Kosovo; Reviewer: Martin Shaw; 'Rents, Rent-Seeking and Economic Development: Theory and Evidence in Asia'; Editors: Mushtaq H. Khan and Jomo K.S.; Reviewer: Kevin Hewison; 'Can Africa Claim the 21st Century?'; Editor: The World Bank; Reviewer: Frances Stewart; 'Reconciling Trade and the Environment: Lessons from Case Studies in Developing Countries'; Authors: Veena Jha, Anil Markandya and Rene Vossenaar; Reviewer: Rhys Jenkins; 'Trade, Environment and the WTO: The Post-Seattle Agenda'; Author: Gary P. Sampson; Reviewer: Rhys Jenkins; 'Workers Without Frontiers: The Impact of Globalization on International Migration'; Author: Peter Stalker; Reviewer: Jonathan Perraton; 'Colonial State and Social Policy: Social Welfare Development in Hong Kong 1842-1997'; Author: Kwong-Leung Tang; Reviewer: John Clammer; 'Rural Livelihoods and Diversity in Developing Countries'; Author: Frank Ellis; Reviewer: Steve Wiggins; '50 Years of Pakistan's Economy: Traditional Topics and Contemporary Concerns'; Editor: Shahrukh Rafi Khan; Reviewer: Naveed Hassan Naqvi;Review Books,
Father Andrew Mullen 1790-1818: a study in early nineteenth century spirituality
No full textThis thesis is laid out in three parts: Part I. The life and death of Andrew Mullen. The life is based, to a large extent, on a long letter to his mother, Catherine Mullen, dated 7 January 1810. The letter gives a definite insight into his spirituality based on his membership of the Archconfraternity of the Blessed Sacrament. There is a hint that he had a premonition of an early death. Part II. The burial of Andrew Mullen and the immediate cult to him This is based on documentary evidence. Part III. Most of this part is a catalogue of testimonies taken from 1993 onwards. Then there is the conclusion on the popular devotion to Andrew Mullen stressing the theological aspect of the subject. In the course of writing the thesis it was decided to separate the documentary evidence from the oral tradition. This was advantageous in developing the thesis, and the documents provided a secure basis for the oral tradition. Two pieces of information were found in March 1997. They are death notices: 2 January 1819, The Leinster Journal and 7 January 1819, The Car low Morning Post. There is a slight discrepancy between the two on the date of his death. Also this discrepancy shows a slight difference from the date of the tombstone
Fear of fiction: the authorial response to realism in selected works by Swift, Defoe, and Richardson
No full textIf Mrs. Whitehouse produced a pornographic play, it would arouse enormous interest, mainly because of Mrs. Whitehouse’s well known views on pornography. It is an ancient fact of English Literature that two of the best known pioneers of the English realistic novel, Daniel Defoe and Samuel Richardson, were Puritans. And there is an almost equally ancient critical tradition which traces the easy path of Puritan literature, in combination with other cultural forces, towards the production of realistic fiction. The central argument of this thesis is that there was no such easy path. Puritan autobiography was unrealistic in its very nature, while Puritan feeling towards fiction was hostile, with realistic, or verisimilar fiction provoking most hostility because the most deceitful. Thus the writing of a realistic novel was a radical departure for the Puritan, and one that was fraught with tension. It is this tension, or fear of fiction, and its effects on work of the two Puritan novelists, and that odd Anglican Jonathan Swift, that is the subject of this thesis. Swift joins Defoe and Richardson as an author with a special relationship with Defoe, and himself closer to a fearful anti- mimetic "tradition" than the comic tradition in which he is usually placed alongside Fielding and Sterne. Selected works of the three authors reveal their struggle with the intense problems that realism created for them, and their eventual 'solutions'. Hence by the time that Dr. Johnson made his famous critical statement against the fearful potential of realism in his fourth Rambler [31 March 1750), he was actually formalising material that had been well examined in the fiction under discussion, rather than beating an original critical path in response to Fielding's supposedly 'new' verisimilar form
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Seaweed rises in this posture: Manuscript collection
No full textThe majority of poems written by the author of this thesis, systematically feature a desire to find resolution and comfort in nature within a modern technological world. The poems do not attack or expose the impurities of a modern technological world. Rather they evoke a contemplative reflection in which nature and technology co-exist in a modern landscape
V.I. Vernadsky and the noosphere concept: Russian understandings of society-nature interaction
No full textRecent Russian legislative and policy documentation concerning national progress towards sustainable development has suggested that the attainment of such a state would represent the first stage in the development of the noosphere as outlined by the Russian scientist Vladimir Ivanovich Vernadsky (1863–1945). This paper explores Vernadsky’s model of evolutionary change through a focus on his work on the biosphere and noosphere in an attempt to further understanding of the way in which Russia is approaching the concept of sustainable development in the contemporary period. It is argued that the official Russian interpretation of the noosphere idea tends to obscure the evolutionary and materialist foundations of Vernadsky’s biosphere–noosphere conceptualisation. At the same time, the concluding section of the paper suggests that the scope of Vernadsky’s work can be used to stimulate the search for a more coherent approach to work in areas of sustainable development and sustainability across the span of the social and physical sciences
The Arab Avant-Garde: Musical Innovation in the Middle East
No full textIn the early nineteenth century, the term “avant-garde” began to capture greater semantic territory. Once purely a military phrase used to distinguish crack troops, it then assumed a high-ranking position within cultural expression, marking out art work that forged ahead and broke new ground. What can it mean to conjoin this French phrase with the word “Arab”? French forces, along with other imperial intruders, are no strangers to Arab terrain. The colonisation of Algeria, Tunisia, Morocco and Greater Syria followed in the wake of the brief Napoleonic “mission” to Egypt between 1798 and 1801. It was during this military foray that some of modern Europe’s most expansive data on Egyptian music was collected, information that comprised two whole volumes of Guillaume André Villoteau’s Description de l’Egypte. The Napoleonic campaign gathered not only military, but also cultural intelligence, if the two can be so easily separated
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