This postcard, postmarked from Mars Hill February 24, 1912 by Ernest Bird to Roy Bird in Whittier, is part of the William E. Bird Collection. On the back of the postcard is written “Roy, this is group of the Expression Class. Don’t you think it a pretty large crowd of us in one study? Your brother, Ernest.” Pointed out on the front are Wayne Jervis, Ellis Jones, W. E. Bird, and Frank Wells. William Ernest Bird (1890-1975) was born in the Qualla community of Jackson County, NC. Bird served Western Carolina University in various capacities during his long career. Bird’s roles at WCU included head of the English Department, Dean of Men, Acting President, and President. In 1963, he published The History of Western Carolina College: The Progress of an Idea. He was married to Myrtle Wells (1891-1983)
This 1965 photograph shows the American Legion Junior Cloggers of Hendersonville, North Carolina. The children are listed from left to right: (first row) Susie Thompson, Jeanette Hudgins, Judy Kilpatrick, Sharon Edney, Gail Edney, Jonie Edney, Juanita Thompson, Donna Griffin ; (second row) Steve Corn, Eddie Hudgins, Terry Brock, Jimmy Stepp, Pat Lanning, Wayne Edney ; (third row) Jimmy Jones, Jimmy Sinclair, Pat Corn, and Ronnie Thompson. Founder and director of the Mountain Youth Jamboree, Hubert H. Hayes (1901-1964) auditioned and directed youth to perform in folk dance, music, and folk and ballad singing. The jamboree was held in the Asheville City Auditorium (now known as Thomas Wolfe Auditorium) from 1948 to 1973, and Hayes’ wife, Leona Trantham Hayes (1913-1989) continued to direct the program after his death in 1964. Hubert Hayes was an author, playwright, and alumni of Duke University
In recent years, neuro-symbolic learning methods have demonstrated promise in tasks re- quiring a semantic understanding that can often be missed by traditional deep learning techniques. By integrating symbolic reasoning with deep learning, neuro-symbolic architec- tures aim to be both interpretable and flexible. This thesis aims to apply neuro-symbolic learning to the domain of reinforcement learning. First, a simulation environment for robotic manipulation tasks is presented. In this environment, an analysis of policy-gradient-based reinforcement learning algorithms is given. Then, by leveraging the performance of deep learning with the semantic reasoning and interpretability of symbolically defined program- ming, a novel neuro-symbolic learning method is proposed to generalize tasks and motion planning for robotics applications using natural language. This novel neuro-symbolic can be seen as an adaptation of the Neuro-Symbolic Concept Learner[1] developed by IBM Wat- son, in which images and natural language are first processed by convolutional and residual neural networks, respectively, and then parsed by a symbolically reasoned program. Where the architecture proposed in this paper differs is in its use of the Neuro-Symbolic Concept Learner for preprocessing of a given input task, to then inform a reinforcement learning agent of how to act in a given environment. Finally, the novel adaptation of the Neuro-Symbolic Concept Learner is introduced as a method of demonstrating generalizable behavior through symbolic preprocessing.Master of ScienceRobots are becoming more capable, but teaching them to perform complex tasks in changing environments remains a major challenge. Traditional learning systems, like deep learning, are powerful, but they are often seen as black-boxes. This project explores a new approach that combines the strengths of deep learning with symbolic reasoning, which allows robots to reason about their actions and goals in a more human-interpretable way. In this thesis, a simulated environment was built for training and testing a robotic arm on object manipula- tion tasks using. A reinforcement learning system was developed to allow the robot to learn through trial and error, improving its performance over time. To improve generalization and task understanding, a new hybrid model was proposed that combines deep learning with symbolic logic. Inspired by IBM's Neuro-Symbolic Concept Learner, this model uses visual and language inputs to guide the robot's behavior based on symbolic representations. Unlike the original Concept Learner, this version is adapted to help a reinforcement learning agent decide what to do in a specific situation based on these symbolic cues. This research shows that combining symbolic reasoning with modern learning techniques could make robots more flexible, explainable, and capable of handling a wider variety of real-world tasks
The Reporter is a publication produced by Western Carolina University featuring news, events, and campus community updates for faculty and staff. The publication began in August of 1970 and continues digitally today. Click on the link in the “Related Materials” field to access recent issues.THE REPORTER A Weekly Newsletter
for the Faculty and Staff
of Western Carolina University
Cullowhee, North Carolina November 4,1988
History's strange truth
Professor traces impact of Civil War on western North Carolina
Dr. Gordon McKinney, professor of
history, doesn't write fiction. History's
truth is strange enough, he says.
Take the American Civil War, for
example. As you'd expect, western
North Carolina faced economic
hardships during the war. And, as you'd
expect, residents of the region saw a
good deal of violence. But surprisingly,
much of the fighting in the region
occurred not between the Union and
Confederate Armies, but between
neighbors.
Despite North Carolina's southern
location, McKinney said, "some folks in
western North Carolina thought the
Confederacy was a terrible idea."
Some 5,000 men from western
counties served in the Union Army,
and neighbors "burned down each
other's houses and shot each other" in
disagreements over the state's secession
with the rest of the South.
Does he mean, then, that contemporary
fictional accounts of the period,
such as the network miniseries "North
and South," are inaccurate in portraying
the antebellum South as fervently
opposed to Northern ideas?
"No, the portrayal is not necessarily
incorrect," McKinney said. "It's
accurate for some parts of the South.
But there were lots of places where it is
not an accurate picture of what went
on." The elements of southern opposition
weren't as solidly united as popular
notion today might suggest.
Western North Carolina perceptions
of the war varied even during the
fighting. To the slaves who made up
eleven to twelve percent of the region's
population, the war was "unadulterated
good," McKinney said. For the region's
well-to-do residents,
the war meant little
hardship. But for ordinary
men, who fought
the war's battles, and
for the women, who
stayed behind to try
and manage farms or
households, conditions
were extremely
difficult.
The disintegration
of society in western
North Carolina
during the war will be
the topic of a presentation
by McKinney
at 7 p.m. Tuesday,
November 15, at the
Jackson County
Library in Sylva. He
also spoke on the
topic on campus
November 2.
The presentations
are the result of
research McKinney
conducted as the
recipient of the 1988
Hunter Scholar
Award. The award,
given this year for the
first time, will be
made annually to faculty to foster scholarship
in the university community.
To make research easier, the recipient
is given a one-course reduction in
his or her teaching load, the services of a
full-time graduate assistant, a faculty
study room in Hunter Library, and 400insupportfundsfromthelibraryforphotocopying,computersearches,interlibraryloan,andothermaterials.Dr.GordonMcKmney,impactonwesternNorth1988HunterScholar,isresearchingtheCivilWar′sCarolina.Eachyear′sHunterScholarisexpectedtomaketwopresentations,onetotheuniversitycommunityandonetothepublic,duringthefallsemester.McKinneyhasstudiedthesocialimpactoftheCivilWaronwesternNorthCarolinasince1983,whenhebeganeditingthepapersofZebulonB.Vance,governorofNorthCarolinaduringthewar.McKinneycompiledcont′dIIPeopleandplacesARTSANDSCIENCES•PaulHaberland(ModernForeignLanguages)readapaperentitled"CensorshipinAustriasince1945"attheannualmeetingoftheGermanStudiesAssociationinPhiladelphia,Pa.,onOctober7.•DonLoeffler(SpeechandTheatreArts)andstudentsGlendaDeanandSheilaRadfordattendedworkshopsheldbytheNorthCarolinaAllianceforArtsEducationinWinston−SalemOctober14.Theworkshopsincludedcreativedramaticsandstorytelling.•JoycePrewitt(SocialWork)gaveapresentationentitled"TheCycleofAbuse:HowCanItBeBroken?"atanOctober21workshoponChildAbuseandNeglectPreventionsponsoredbytheSwainCountyHealthDepartmentandtheNorthCarolinaCouncilontheStatusofWomen.EDUCATIONANDPSYCHOLOGY•J.RichardGentry(ElementaryEducationandReading)presentedapaperentitled′TowardaNewTheoryofSpelling"attheInternationalReadingAssociationWorldCongressonReadingatTheGoldCoast,Australia,inJuly.NURSINGANDHEALTHSCIENCES•DanSouthern(MedicalTechnology)presentedapaperentitled"PersonnelWorkinginNorthCarolinaPhysicianOfficeLaboratories"withBeckyLaValleeoftheMountainAreaHealthEducationCenteratthefallmeetingsoftheNorthCarolinaSocietyforMedicalTechnologyinBooneOctober6and7.Southernwasnominatedtorunforthesociety′sboardofdirectors.NormaCookandChristineStevens(MedicalTechnology)alsoattendedthemeetings.TECHNOLOGYANDAPPLIEDSCIENCE•DuaneDavis,BillHyatt,andLauraMoriarity(CriminalJustice)recentlyattendedtheannualconferenceoftheSouthernCriminalJusticeAssociationinAsheville.Daviswasamemberofthelocalarrangementscommittee,chairedasessiononalternativestoincarceration,andpresentedapaperentitled"IntegratingTheoryandPracticeinCriminalJusticeEducation."Hyattpresentedapaperentitled′TeachingEthicsinaCriminalJusticeProgram."WesternCarolinaUniversityCriminalJusticeClubmembersassistedwithconferenceregistration.NamingWestern′sfacesThisfeaturehighlightsmembersofthecampusstaff.ThisWeek:SusanLewisSusanLewis,aclerk−cashierintheuniversitybookstore,hasbeenafamiliarfacetofolksinSylvaforyears.AnativeofthetownandagraduateofSylva−WebsterHighSchool,sheworkedatHooper′sDrugStore,FamilyDollar,andTheLeader(aformerMainStreetclothingstore)inSylvabeforecomingtoWCUfouryearsago.Atthebookstore,Lewismaintainsthegreetingcarddisplay,operatesacashregister,anddoesotherstockwork.SheisamemberofScottsCreekBaptistChurch.Sheandherhusband"Bud"havethreedaughters,wholiveinGreensboro,MarsHill,andSylva,andagrandsonnamedC.J.HistoryCont′dthirty−ninereelsoftheVancepapersonmicrofilmandwroteanaccompanyingguidebook,whichwaspublishedlastyearbyUniversityPublicationsofAmerica.NowworkingonasecondvolumefortheNorthCarolinaDivisionofArchivesandhistoryinRaleigh,heproposestocompletetwomorewithinthenexttenyears.VancewasaprominentandpopularSouthernpolitician,widelyknownforhishumorouspublicspeakingand"tremendouscommandofprofanity,"McKinneysaid.UntiltheUnion′s1861attackonFortSumter,S.C.,thegovernorsharedmanywesternNorthCarolinians′oppositiontotheformationoftheConfederacyandmanyoftheideasofsoon−to−beConfederatePresidentJeffersonDavis.McKinneyistheauthorofSouthernMountainRepublicans,1865−1900:PoliticsandtheAppalachianCommunity,publishedbytheUniversityofNorthCarolinaPress.ThebookwhichexaminesthegrowthofRepublicanisminwesternNorthCarolina.ThisyearMcKinneybecametheuniversity′sthirdSossomonProfessorofHistory(atitleheldpreviouslybyDr.CliffLovinandDr.MaxWilliams).−JosephPrice1989HunterScholarAwardHowtoapplyTheHunterScholarAwardismadepossiblebyHunterLibrary,theOfficeofResearchandGraduateStudies,theDivisionofContinuingEducationandSummerSchool,andtheOfficeforAcademicAffairs.Interestedfacultymembersshouldsecuretheendorsementofboththeirdepartmentheadanddean.SubmitproposalstoJudithStillioninAcademicAffairsbyThursday,November17.TheawardwillbeannouncedinearlyDecember.November4,1988TheReporterCampuseventsFALSTAFFSFOLLIES−TheDepartmentofSpeechandTheatreArtswillpresentWilliamShakespeare′sclassiccomedy"TheMerryWivesofWindsor"Wednesday−Saturday,November16−19.Curtaintimeis7:30p.m.intheRamseyCenter,witha2p.m.matineeperformanceonNovember19.TheplaytellsofthedecadentknightSirJohnFalstaffandhisloveaffairswiththewivesoftwosolidcitizensofthecommunityofWindsor.These"merrywives"comparenotesandplottomakeFalstafflooklikeafool.CastmembersincludeWayneWilsonofGastonia,SeanParkerofMooresville,CarolCloudofCullowhee,andDavidMulkeyandConnieSilverofAsheville.DonaldLoeffleristhedirector.Ticketprices:8 adults, 5students,seniorcitizens,andchildren.Forinformation,calltheRamseyCenterat227−7722.COMPUTERWORKSHOPS−Thefollowingworkshopsand"hoW−to"discussionswillbeofferedbytheComputerCenterfortheweekofNovember7−11:"MacintoshWordProcessing:MacWrite"(workshop),3−5p.m.WednesdayorThursday,November9or10;and"FootnotesandEndnotesinWordPerfect"(discussion),11a.m.−noonThursday,November10.AllsessionsareheldintheComputerCenterConferenceRoom,ForsythB−15,andarefreetofacultyandstaff.Registrationisrequired.CallDeePainterat227−7282.WesternontheairAmongtelevisionappearancesarrangedbytheOfficeofPublicInformationinrecentmonths:•CurtisWood(History,MountainHeritageCenter)wasinBristol,Va.,July6foraninterviewaboutthe"Appalachian−ScottishConnection,"aseminarbeingheldatEastTennesseeStateUniversity.TheinterviewwaspartofthenoonnewsprogramonWCYB.•BobRigdon(HumanServices)tapedahalf−hourinterviewonWGGSinGreenville,S.C.,forthe"PeggyDennyShow"August15.Histopicwastheimportanceofself−esteemateachphaseofthelifecycle.RigdonreturnedtoWGGSSeptember12foraninterviewabouttheartofconversationandeffectivecommunication.•DougDavis(StudentDevelopment)andMichaelKline(MountainHeritageCenter)appearedliveon′TennesseeThisMorning,"onWATEinKnoxville,Tenn.,August25.TheytalkedaboutMountainHeritageDay.Davisdemonstratedageehawwhimmeydiddle,andKlinesangafolksong.•EvaAdcock(Music)andCornellProctor(Director,TriedStoneMissionaryGospelChoirs)tapedaninterviewfor"Awareness,"onWSPAinSpartanburg,S.C.,September6.Theydiscussedthe"SpotlightonBlackGospel"programwhichprecededMountainHeritageDay,andblackgospelmusicasauniquepartoftheoralmusictradition.Proctor′sdaughtersangasolo.•B.J.Dunlap(ManagementandMarketing)andDr.CraiganGray(AshevilleWomen′sMedicalCenter)tapedaninterviewfor"Dialogue3,"onWRCBinChattanooga,Tenn.,October26.Dr.Dunlapdiscussednewtrendsinhealthcaremarketing.Gray,anobstetrician−gynecologistandstudentofDunlap,talkedabouthisuseofmarketinginhismedicalpractice.•MichaelDougherty(HumanServices)appearedliveon"CarolinaToday,"anoontalkshowonWISinColumbia,S.C.,October28.Hediscussedpressuresfacedbypreteensandwaysfortheirparentsandteacherstohelpchildrendealwithstress.EARLYREGISTRATION−TheOfficeoftheRegistrarwillconductearlyregistrationforspringsemesterbyappointmentonlyTuesday−Friday,November15−18,onthesoutheastconcourseoftheRamseyCenter.Currentlyenrolledstudentsmaypickupregistrationmaterialsbetween8:30a.m.and4:30p.m.MondayandTuesday,November7and8,indepartmentaloffices.AdvisingisbyappointmentNovember7−18.Studentsmayregisteratthetimeoftheirappointmentoraftertheassignedtime.Theyshouldnotmissclasstoregister.Forinformation,calltheOfficeoftheRegistrarat227−7216.OPENINGRECEPTION−ApublicreceptionwillopenanewexhibitofphotographsbyNorthCarolinaartistMarthaStrawnat7:30p.m.Monday,November14,intheBelkBuildingArtGallery.Strawn′simagesdocumentthetraditional,ornamentalriceflourdrawingscreatedonthegroundinfrontofdoorwaysandbeforealtarsbyIndianwomen.Strawn,whocurrentlyteachesatUNCCharlotte,haslecturedandconductedworkshopsintheUnitedStatesandIndia.Theexhibitwillbeonview9a.m.−5p.m.Monday−FridayandbyappointmentthroughDecember9.Groupsarewelcomewithadvancenotice.CalltheArtDepartmentat227−7210.FACULTYRECITAL−AvarietyofmusicalinstrumentsandstyleswillbefeaturedTuesday,November8,astheFacultyRecitalSeriescontinueswithafreeprogramat8p.m.intheMusicRecitalHall.PerformersfortheeveningwillbeMaxieBeaver,clarinet;KayLawson,bassoon;HenryLofquist,organ;MichaelMiles,trumpet;LillianPearson,piano;andEldredSpell,flute.TheFacultyRecitalSeriesissponsoredbytheDepartmentofMusicandisopentothepublicatnocharge.Formoreinformation,call227−7242.TheReporterNovember4,1988ISCalendarTHEWEEKATWCU−NOVEMBER7−13Monday,November7ResidenceHallStaffAppreciationWeek,throughFriday.Advisingbyappointmentforcurrentlyenrolledstudentsforearlyregistration.8:30a.m.−4:30p.m.Registrationmaterialsavailableindepartmentaloffices.9a.m.−lOp.m.TOheutlawJoseyWales,avideowithClintEastwood,secondfloor,UniversityCenter,throughSunday,free.Tuesday,November87p.m.Volleyballvs.Appalachian,ReidGym.ExhibitsStudentphotography,Gallery250,OfficeofGraduateStudiesandResearchAdministration,250RobinsonBuilding,8a.m.−5p.m.,Monday−Friday.RecentworksbytenmembersoftheArtDepartmentfaculty,BelkBuildingartgallery,9a.m.−5p.m.Monday−Fridayandbyappointment,throughNovember11.PaintingsbyAngelikaWagar,ChelseaGallery,UniversityCenter,8a.m.−llp.m.Monday−Friday,throughNovember17."MountainTrout,"anhistoricalexhibitontroutandtroutfishinginthesouthernAppalachians,MountainHeritageCenter,throughAugust."MountainTrout,"anine−projectorslideshowontroutandtrout−fishinginthesouthernAppalachians,MountainHeritageCenter.MountainHeritageCenterhoursare8a.m.−5p.m.Monday−Fridayand2−5p.m.Sunday.8p.m.Facultyrecital,MusicRecitalHall,freeandopentothepublic.Wednesday,November9Noon−1p.m."IncentivesintheAcademy:IssuesandOptions,"alunchtimediscussiononteachingexcellence,MaryWillMitchellRoom,BrownCafeteria3−5p.m."MacintoshWordProcessing:MacWrite,"acomputerworkshop,registrationrequired(ForsythB−10or227−7282)freetofacultyandstaff.Thursday,November1011a.m.−noon"FootnotesandEndnotesinWordPerfect,"a"how−to"discussion,registrationrequired(ForsythB−10or227−7282),freetofacultyandstaff.12:30−1:30p.m."IncentivesintheAcademy:IssuesandOptions,"alunchtimediscussiononteachingexcellence,MaryWillMitchellRoom,BrownCafeteria.3−5p.m."MacintoshWordProcessing:MacWrite,"acomputerworkshop,registrationrequired(ForsythB−10or227−7282),freetofacultyandstaff.3:30and7p.m.TheTamingoftheShrew,filmwithJohnCleese,JacksonCountyLibrary,free.8p.m.UniversityChorusconcert,MusicRecitalHall,free.Friday,November11Volleyball:SouthernConferenceTournament.7and9:30p.m.SchoolDaze,avideo,UniversityCenterSaturday,November12BobWatersAppreciationDay(twentyyearsservicetoWCU)Crosscountry:NCAARegionalMeet,Greenville,S.C.8a.m.−1:30p.m.ParentsDayProgram,northconcourse,RamseyCenter.8:30a.m.NationalTeachersExam−SpecialtyArea,NaturalSciencesAuditorium.11a.m.−1:30p.m.Footballrecruitreception,northconcourse,RamseyCenter.2p.m.Footballvs.Marshall,WatersField.8p.m.ParentsDayPubNitewithcomedian,UniversityCenter.MusicbyDanceLTD.8−10p.m.OrganizationofEbonyStudentsTalentShowandPageant,RamseyCenter,free.Sunday,November13Noeventslisted.TheReporterispublishedbytheOfficeofPublicInformation.November4,19881,400copiesofthispublicdocumentwereprinteditacostof128, or .09percopy.TheReporterTHEREPORTERCullowhee,NorthCarolinaCampuseventsARTBYARCHITECTURE−SculptorJodyPinto,knownforherarchitecturalconstructions,willvisitcampusThursdayandFriday,November17and18.Shewillpresentaslidelectureonherworkat7:30p.m.November17intheBelkAuditorium.ThelectureissponsoredbytheDepartmentofArtandtheNationalEndowmentfortheArts.Forinformation,call227−7210.LEGALINFORMATION−"EnteringPrivatePremisestoArrestandInvestigate,"ateleconferencefromtheNorthCarolinaJusticeAcademy,willbeofferedat9a.m.Tuesday,November15,intheUniversityCenter′sCherokeeRoom.PanelistswillincludeRobertF.Thomas,Jr.,policeattorney,CharlottePoliceDepartment;RobertL.Farb,assistantdirector,InstituteofGovernment;andReeceTrimmer,agencylegalspecialist,NorthCarolinaJusticeAcademy.RegisterbycallingtheDivisionofContinuingEducationandSummerSchoolat227−7397.Nochargeforadmission.VISITINGBOTANIST−TrilokiN.Bhardwaja,abotanistfromIndia,willgivealectureandslidepresentationon"DiversityasanIndianTheme"at7p.m.Tuesday,November15,intheNaturalSciencesAuditorium.BhardwajaisassociateprofessorofbotanyattheUniversityofRajasthan.Forinformation,call227−7244.HEALTHCAREERS−TheSchoolofNursingandHealthScienceswillsponsoraCareerDay4:30−7:30p.m.Thursday,November17,attheCatamountInninSylva.Fifteenprospectiveemployersareexpectedfortheevent,whichwillfocusonprofessionsinthehealthsciences.Formoreinformation,calltheCareerandAcademicPlanningCenterat227−7170.VANSCHEDULE−TheSTARvanwillvisittheUniversityofTennesseeatKnoxvilleonWednesday,November16.ThevanwillleaveForsythparkinglotat8a.m.andreturnaround8p.m.thesameday.Facultymembersmustreserveseatsatleasttwoclassdayspriortothetrip,andgraduateassistants,whomayrideonaspace−availablebasis,shouldcallonedaypriortothetrip.CallSueBeckat227−7398.RAMESSESTRIP−LastMinuteProductionswillsponsoraone−daytriptothe"RamessestheGreat"exhibitinCharlotteSunday,November20.ThegroupwillleavetheUniversityCenterparkinglotat830a.m.andreturnlatethatsameday.Thecost,includingadmissionticket,guidedtour,andtransportationtoandfromCharlotte,is9.50 for WCU students and 10.50forfacultyandstaff.Spaceislimited,soregisterearlyintheUniversityCenter.Forinformation,call227−7206.VIOLINPERFORMANCE−LeonidasKavakos,aninternationallyacclaimedtwenty−year−oldviolinistfromGreece,willperformintheMusicRecitalHallat8p.m.Tuesday,November15.KavakoshaswoninternationalviolincompetitionsthisyearinNewYorkandItaly.HisvisittoWesternissponsoredbytheLectures,Concerts,andExhibitionsSeries.Ticketprices:6 adults, 3youths,1 WCU students. For information,
call Dr. Doug Davis at 227-7234.
FOR DIVINE VOICES - Auditions for
the Speech and Theatre Arts
A Weekly Newsletter
for the Faculty and Staff
of Western Carolina University
November 11,1988
production of Jesus Christ Superstar will
be held at 3 p.m. Sunday, November
20; 6:30 p.m. Monday, November 21;
and 3 p.m. Tuesday, November 22, in
the Ramsey Center. Prepare two short
songs and bring sheet music to the
audition. Some movement audition will
be expected as well. Rehearsals will
begin in January, and the musical,
directed by Dr. Stephen Ayers, will be
performed in late February. For more
information, call the Department of
Speech and Theatre Arts at 227-7491.
INAUGURAL LECTURES - Dr.
James W. Longstreth, associate professor
of education at the University of
Florida, will present lectures on school-based
management at 930 a.m. and 1
p.m. Wednesday, November 16, in
Room 104 Killian Building. The presentations
are open to the public and
will be the first in the Raymond M.
Ainsley Annual Lecture in Educational
Administration series, established to
honor the first head of WCU's Department
of Educational Administration.
In addition, at 2:45 p.m., following
Longstreth's afternoon talk, a brief
ceremony will officially designate Room
104 Killian as the Taft B. Botner
Conference Room, in honor of the
former dean of the School of Education
and Psychology.
CLASSIC COMEDY - Tickets are still
on sale for the Speech and Theatre Arts
production of 'The Merry Wives of
Windsor," Wednesday-Saturday,
November 16-19. Costs are 8adults,5 students, senior citizens, and children.
Curtain time is 730 p.m. in the
Ramsey Center, with a 2 p.m. matinee
on November 19. For tickets, call
227-7722.
Calendar THE WEEK AT WCU - NOVEMBER 14-20
Monday, November 14
8 a.m.-5 p.m.
Teaching Training workshop, Hospitality
Room, Ramsey Center, 30registration.9a.m.−lOp.m.TheUntouchables,withRobertDeNiro,secondfloor,UniversityCenter,throughSunday,free.Tuesday,November15Earlyregistration(byappointmentonly),RamseyCenter,throughFriday.8:30a.m.MeetingofExecutiveCommitteeforAcademicAffairs,510RobinsonBuilding.9a.m."EnteringPrivatePremisestoArrestandInvestigate,"ateleconference,CherokeeRoom,UniversityCenter.9:30a.m.CouncilofDeans,510RobinsonBuilding.6−9p.m."CardiopulmonaryResuscitation(CPR),"aworkshop,BreeseGym.7p.m."DiversityasanIndianTheme;"withTrilokiN.Bhardwaja,botanistfromIndia;NaturalSciencesAuditorium.8p.m.LeonidasKovakos,violinist,MusicRecitalHall,6 adults, 3youth,1 WCU students.
Wednesday, November 16
9 a.m.-noon
'Career Development Strategies for Women,"
a teleconference, Ramsey Center, $10.
930-1130 a.m.
"School-Based Management: How it Can
Improve the Public Schools," with James W.
Longstret
A histochemical and ultrastructural study of the liver of normal and Dispersion yellow 3 (Dy3) treated tadpoles was conducted. The study reveal ed that Dy3 caused marked progress i ve increases in aci dphosphatase and beta-glucuronidase activity. Progressive decrease in alkaline-phosphatase activity was noted following exposure to Dy3. Exposure to Dy3 resulted in edema and impeded swimming movement in tadpoles examined macroscopically. Microscopic observation revealed damage to blood vessels and bile canaliculi in early stages. Prolonged exposure resulted in progressive disruption of connective tissue and cytoplasm, followed by destruction of the mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum and nuclei of hepatic cells
In 1991 and 1992 the author and the Jos Plateau Environmental Resources Development Programme (JPERDP), embarked on a rural development project in northern Nigeria. The project was aimed at creating agroforestry vision and building agroforestry capacity within the Plateau Agricultural Development Programme (PADP), a Nigerian State institution. The project consisted of a series of participatory workshops, which focused on agroforestry techniques, participatory extension and operational planning. Since agroforestry is a diverse discipline involving crops, trees and livestock, it requires integrative approaches and is well suited to participatory methods. The project provoked the following questions: "If agroforestry is best accomplished using participatory methods, can it be integrated into an established bureaucracy?" and "What can be learned about a participatory development approach related to the institution in which it is employed?". These questions form the basis of the dissertation .In 1993 the author re-visited the agroforestry section of the PADP with the intention of answering these questions. This evaluation formed the basis for a case study. The review methodology included semi-structured interviews, detailed interviews, file and record reviews and a backstopping workshop. Further, a detailed literature search on rural development, extension, agroforestry and the Nigerian situation was completed to provide a framework for analysing the PADP case study. Results indicated that the project goals of "vision creation" and "capacity building" were only partly achieved because PADP extension methods were not altered; middle level staff were better informed than lower and upper level staff cadres; and PADP resources were not mobilised to address agroforestry concerns. However, technical agroforestry activities within the PADP increased as a partial result of the project. The original project goals were likely too ambitious. These goals were not shared or fully adopted by the organisation because inadequate attention was paid to PADP's organisational culture when formulating and implementing the project. Further, the weak links between staff levels and between the technical section and extension section of the PADP posed serious constraints to the full adoption of the agroforestry extension project. To introduce a participatory agroforestry extension project within a large bureaucratic organisation is a considerable task. This study demonstrates the complexities associated with such rural development projects. Given the constraints faced by the author during the project and the constraints faced daily by the PADP, the limited success of the project is understandable. Even with its limitations, the project has provided a valuable, real world example with its inherent complexities and can serve as a guide in future projects
The Reporter is a publication produced by Western Carolina University featuring news, events, and campus community updates for faculty and staff. The publication began in August of 1970 and continues digitally today. Click on the link in the “Related Materials” field to access recent issues.Rep/So/ews rthftero Fma eculty arnd S taff
of Western Carolina University
April 9, 1993 Cullowhee, North Carolina
Be
Sharing data today
Here on campus, you already
have access to more electronic
information than you may realize.
of good cheer! Though some months may
pass before you can use the proposed
campus network, you don't have to wait to
benefit from resources already available
through the university's VAX computer.
Just type the word "PUBLIC" into any VAX-connected
terminal on campus—in your office or
department or in any computer lab—and you'll
get information from around campus and from
five other University of North Carolina schools.
An agreement among Western Carolina
University, Appalachian State University, North
Carolina State University, and the University of
North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Greensboro, and
Wilmington lets users on each campus read
numerous electronic directories, catalogs, and
"publications," like newsletters, events schedules,
and question-and-answer columns.
Panel discussion to cover ethnic cleansing
"Ethnic Cleansing: An Inhumane Human Characteristic?" will be the
subject of a panel discussion Monday, April 12, sponsored by the Diane
Withrow Coyle Peace and Justice Fund Committee. The discussion will
be held 7-9 pjn. in Founders Auditorium of the Mountain Heritage
Center. The public is invited free of charge. Refreshments will be served.
Panelists are Dr. David Dorondo (History), on Nazi ethnic cleansing
efforts and current ethnic cleansing in Europe; Rasul Penjwini, English
department student, on "The Plight of the Kurds: Past and Present"; Dr.
Nyaga Mwaniki (Geosciences and Anthropology), on the ethnic cleansing
of Uganda, Kenya, Somalia, and other African countries; and
Wolfheart McAbee, with a Native American perspective on the issue.
The Diane Withrow Coyle Peace and Justice Fund was established in
memory of the former art instructor and graduate of Western, who died
in 1986. Its purpose is to promote discussion and understanding of peace
and justice issues.
For more information, call Rebecca Olson at 227-7118, or Elizabeth
Addison at 227-7264.
It's information that most WCU computer users
would find interesting and useful, according to Ken
Wood, director of institutional studies and planning.
He hopes other campus offices and departments
will begin putting their data on line as well, he said.
Current online information about WCU includes
the Campus Events Calendar, Hunter Library's
TOPCAT catalog, and a list of the library's serial
holdings. Also, there's the text of the faculty, staff,
and student directories; a directory of faculty and
staff electronic mail addresses; and a menu of
information from the University Computer Center,
including several technology newsletters.
In addition, you can read the entire text of the
WCU Factbook from the Office of Institutional
Studies and Planning, the faculty handbook's
section on campus governance, strategic-planning
data, and executive memoranda from the Office of
the Chancellor dating back to 1974.
With the "INFO" command, you can get from
other campuses a variety of phone directories,
sports and entertainment calendars, library information,
news releases, and newsletters. You can also
see minutes from meetings of faculty senates,
student governments, and planning committees at
other schools. North Carolina State lets you read
employment listings from its campus and from the
Office of State Personnel.
Other interesting reading you can reach:
• "Ask Uncle Sigmund," an "online counselor"
at ASU, which answers anonymous questions
on relationships, stress, and more.
• Postmodern Culture, an electronic journal of
interdisciplinary criticism at NCSU (one of
fourteen journals and newsletters in that
institution's directory).
• Nine bulletin boards from UNC-Greensboro,
on topics from governance to campus events.
• The calendar of the Office of Women's
Concerns and the "Buy/Sell/Trade" electronic
classified advertisements at ASU.
If your department or program publishes a
newsletter or disseminates information by phone,
consider placing your publication or data on line.
For help, call John Newman at 227-7282.
News briefs
AROUND THE WORLD IN ONE
AFTERNOON? ABSOLUTELY! Just
visit the Grandroom of the University
Center on Tuesday, April 27. That's
when international students at WCU
will present the university's fourteenth
annual International Festival. The event
will take place 10 a.m.-2 p.m. and will
feature exhibits, authentic dress, video
presentations, entertainment, and foods
from as many as ten different nations.
Admission is free, and the public is
welcome. Planners are looking for
additional entertainment ideas. If you
have suggestions, or for more information,
call Dick Cameron at 227-7234 or
Ushan Batuwangala at 293-5774.
THERE'S A BRAND NEW WAY TO
RUN I N CULLOWHEE. It's the WCU
Honors Program's first-ever 5K and
10K road races, set to be held Saturday,
April 24. Starting time is 9 a.m. at the
WCU track for both races. The entry
fee is 10.FundswillgototheHonorsProgram,whichhas200participantsandofferstheuniversity′stopstudentsscholarshipmoneyandfundingtoattendnationalacademicconferences.Theracesarealsotopromotetheideathathealthymindsandhealthybodiesarerelated.Formoreinformationortoregisterforarace,calltheHonorsProgramat227−7383."THEARTSANDTHEMEDIA"ISTHESCHEDULEDTOPICofanaddresstobegivenoncampusbyvisitingscholarFieldingDawson,formerstudentatthelegendaryBlackMountainCollege.Dawson′spubliclecturewillbeginat7:30p.m.Monday,April12,inRoom104,BelkBuilding.Areceptionwillfollow.Authorofsevennovels,eightcollectionsofshortstories,threenon−fictionbooks,andavolumeofpoetry,Dawsonisbestknownforhisinsider′slookattheBlackMountainCollege,anexperimentalschoolandartists′colonylocatednearthetownofBlackMountainfrom1933until1957.Formoreinformationonhisvisittocampus,calltheDepartmentofArtat227−7210.WESTERNCAROLINAUNIVERSITYSunday11Libraryhours,4p.m.−midnight.Video,HouseSitter.Secondfloorlobby,UC.Free.Baseball,Catsvs.VMI,Lexington,VA,1p.m.18Golf,CatsatSouthernConferenceTournament.RaintreeCountryClub,Matthews,(throughApril20)Baseball,Catsvs.UNC−G.Greensboro,2p.m.Concert,withdulcimervirtuososWayneSeymourandDonPedi.MHC,3p.m.StudentRecital.MRH,3p.m.ThenextissueoftheReporterwillbepublishedonFriday,April23.Itemsforpublicationinthatissueshouldreach1601RamseyCenterbyWednesday,April14.Monday12Easterholidayends,classesresume8a.m.Video,StayTuned.Secondfloorlobby,UC.Free,(throughApril18)Women′stennis,Catsvs.BrevardCollege.Reidcourts,2:30p.m.19Video,MemoirsofanInvisibleMan.Secondfloorlobby,UC.Free,(throughApril24)Bloodmobile.Grand−room,UC,12:30−6p.m.(227−7206)Men′stennis,Catsvs.Furman.Reidcourts,2:30p.m.Reception,AnnualJuriedStudentExhibition.7p.m.(227−7210)Tuesday13Men′sandwomen′stennis,Catsvs.EastTennesseeState.JohnsonCity,TN,2:30p.m.Baseball,Catsvs.Clemson.ChildressField,3p.m.Theatre,FoolforLove,adultsonlyproduction.HoeyAuditorium,7:30p.m.10
adults, 8seniorcitizens,5 students, (through April 17)
Concert, Ensembles. MRH,
8 p.m. Free. (227-7242)
20
Computer Science Contest.
Hunter Annex, Stillwell, 9 a.m.-
2 p.m. (227-7245)
WCUAEOP meeting. Mary
Will Mitchell Room, Brown
Cafeteria, noon-1 p.m.
Bloodmobile. UC, 12:30-6 p.m.
Baseball, Cats vs. USC-Aiken.
Childress Field, 3 p.m.
Faculty recital, with John
West, saxophone. MRH, 8 p.m.
(227-7242)
Non-credit program begins,
CPR. Breese Gym, 6:30 p.m.
25.April9,1993TheReporterApriWednesday14Women′stennis,Catsvs.YoungHarris.ReidCourts,2:30p.m.Reception,"Birdhouses/IronWork"exhibit.ChelseaGallery,UC,7p.m.21NationalSecretariesDayBloodmobile.UC,12:30−6p.m.Baseball,Catsvs.USC−Aiken.ChildressField,3p.m.Springfling,withoutdoormovieConsentingAdults.UClawn,beginningatdark.Free.Thursday15Men′stennis,Catsvs.VMI.Lexington,VA,2p.m.Studentrecital.MRH,2p.m.Free.FacultySenate.Room104,KillianBuilding,3:30p.m.BattleoftheBands.RAC,8p.m.,2 WCU students with
I.D. and 5others.Forum,"UnityintheBlackCommunity,"PartIII.Grandroom,UC,7p.m.Baseball,Catsvs.ClemsonUniversity.Clemson,SC,7p.m.22Baseball,Catsvs.WinthropUniversity.RockHill,SC,3p.m.Studentrecital.MRH,2p.m.Dinneronthelawn,withfreeconcert.UClawn,4:30p.m.Richmondballet,Coppellia,afull−lengthballet.RAC,8p.m.10 adults, 8WCUemployees/seniorcitizens,3 youth and
WCU students with ID.
Opera workshop. MRH, 8 p.m.
Friday 16 Men's tennis, Cats vs. VMI.
Lexington, VA, 2 p.m.
Student recital. MRH, 2 p.m.
Free.
Faculty Senate. Room 104,
Killian Building, 3:30 p.m.
Awards ceremony for Black
Awareness Weekend. Grandroom,
UC, 6:30 p.m.
Battle of the Bands. RAC, 8 p.m.,
2WCUstudentswithI.D.and5
others.
Baseball, Cats vs. UNC-Greens-boro.
Greensboro, NC, 6 p.m.
23
Beach Bash, games, music, and
food. UC lawn, 2 p.m. Free.
Outdoor pub. Free pizza from
Pizza Hut. UC lawn, 8 p.m.
Student recital, MRH, 3 p.m.
Men's tennis, Southern Conference
tournament. Davidson,
(through April 25)
Saturday
17
Men's and women's track and
field, Cats at Appalachian State
Invitational tournament, Boone.
Women's tennis, Cats at
Southern Conference
tournament. Davidson, (through
April 19).
Baseball, Cats vs. University of
North Carolina at Greensboro.
Greensboro, 7 p.m.
Atlanta zoo trip. Atlanta, GA,
8 a.m. Register UC.
Graduate Record Exam.
Natural Sciences Auditorium.
8 a.m.
Pub night. P. G. Katz, 9 p.m.
1WCUstudents,3 others.
Kayak trip, Tuckasiegee River.
9 a.m. (through April 18).
Register UC. (227-7206)
24
Men's and women's track,
WCU invitational tournament.
WCU track, 10 a.m.
Annual Tuckaseigee River
Clean-Up. 11 a.m. (227-7206)
Baseball, Cats vs. Appalachian
State, double-header. Boone,
Concert by Annual Jazz
Clinic participants. MRH, 8 p.m.
3students,5 adults.
Exhibits
"Best of Jackson," art by county residents (through April 16), North Carolina Center for the Advancement of Teaching.
"Birdhouses/Iron Work," April 13-May 7, Chelsea Gallery, UC, 8 a.m.-ll p.m., Monday-Friday; 10 a.m.-ll p.m. weekends (227-7206).
"Birds, Lizards, and Wieners," April 13-May 7, Chelsea Gallery, UC, 8 a.m.-ll p.m., Monday-Friday; 10 a.m.-11p.m. weekends (227-7206)
"Diverse Social Perspectives" (through April 14), Belk Gallery, 9 a.m.-noon, 1-4 p.m., Monday-Friday and by appointment at 227-7210.
"Migration of the Scotch-Irish People," "Irons in the Fire," and, "A Quiltin'," MHC, 8 a.m.-5 p.m. Monday-Friday.
"To What Do We Aspire?" (through April 16), Belk Building, 7 a.m.-midnight, Monday-Friday; 10 a.m.-5 p.m. Saturday.
—, , I
The Reporter April 9. 1993
The Reporter is published
by the Office of Public
Information. Mail notices
and changes of address to
the Reporter, 1601 Ramsey
Center. 1/450 copies of this
public document were
printed at a cost of 188.50,or0.13 per copy. Western
Carolina University is an
Equal Opportunity Institution.
April 9, 1993
Wilma Cosper is state's
'Home Economist of the Year'
Dr. Wilma Cosper, retired professor of home
economics, was named "North Carolina Home
Economist of the Year" by the North Carolina
Home Economics Association in March.
Cosper, who retired in 1984 as head of the
Department of Home Economics, has remained
active in the field, with publications and service
in a variety of organizations. She has held elected
and appointed positions with the Development
Foundation of WCU, Jackson County Department
of Social Services, and boards of trustees of
Tift College and Mercer University.
A well-known speaker in the area of financial
planning, Cosper has consulted on various
matters with the North Carolina Office of State
Personnel, the North Carolina Department of
Public Instruction, and the University of North
Carolina system. Last year she received the Tift
College Alumna Association - Mercer University
Distinguished Alumna Award.
Kane is new UNC Faculty
Assembly chairman
Dr. Bill Kane, associate professor of management,
was elected chairman of the University of
North Carolina Faculty Assembly in Chapel Hill
on April 2. His one-year term will begin July 1.
Kane said that during his term he will address
issues of evaluating and improving university
teaching, continuing assembly discussions on
those topics that began earlier this year.
Kane has served four years in the Faculty
Assembly, including two years as secretary and
one as vice-chairman. He has been a member for
four years of the assembly's academic freedom
and tenure committee.
Activities
• Dr. Anthony E. Brown (Retired, English)
presented a paper entitled "The Eighteenth-
Century Public Press: Johnson, His Biographers,
and Others" at a meeting of the Conference of the
Western Society for Eighteenth-Century Studies,
at the University of California at Santa Barbara.
• Dr. Susan C. Brown (Health, Physical
Education, and Recreation) published an invited
article entitled "Selecting Safe Equipment—
What Do We Really Know?" in the February
issue of the Journal of Physical Education,
Recreation, and Dance. The article was part of a
feature on contemporary risk control.
• Dr. Don Chalker and Dr. Casey Hurley
(Administration, Curriculum, and Instruction)
published an article entitled "Beastly People" in
the January issue of Executive Educator, journal
of the American Association of School Administrators.
The article discussed characteristics of
"negative" people and suggested ways for school
principals to deal with these people. In addition,
Hurley published an essay entitled "Undervision
Instead of Supervision" in the spring issue of
Democracy and Education. The essay suggests
an alternate concept in support for teachers by
principals and central office personnel.
• Dr. Jerry Cook (Industrial and Engineering
Technology) recently participated in two
professional development activities relating to
quality assurance and polymer processing. The
events were "Executive Overview of ISO 9000,"
offered by East Tennessee State University, and
"Adhesive Bonding of Plastics," a three-day
meeting from the Society of Manufacturing
Engineers.
• Pat Prieto (Hunter Library) recently presented
a "showcase session" on the "ABC
Express" interlibrary loan program shared by
UNCA, Appalachian State University, and
WCU. Her presentation came at a seminar
entitled "Virtual Collections: Only Keystrokes
Away," held at North Carolina State University.
• Dr. Judith M. S til lion (Academic Affairs)
gave the keynote address, entitled "From
Invitational to Transformational Leadership," at
the meeting of the National League of Nursing
in Atlanta, Georgia, in March.
Sign up now for summer
study tour through China
Dr. Perry Kelly, professor emeritus of art and art
education, will lead a study-tour of China this
summer. The June 9-July 1 trip, entitled "The
People's Republic of China: An Experience in
Multicultural Education," will concentrate on the
minority nationalities of Yunnan Province.
The tour will include visits to Hong Kong,
Xian, and Beijing, as well as Kunming, capital
of Yunnan Province and home of Yunnan
University. Tour members will stay in university
housing and study art, architecture, music, languages,
and customs of the twenty-six Chinese
minority nationality peoples of that province.
The group will depart June 9 from Atlanta,
Georgia. College credits and continuing education
units will be available through the Division
of Continuing Education and Summer School.
The tour is open to anyone. Cost is 3,397fromAtlanta(3,129 from San Francisco, California).
For more information, call Kelly at 293-7397
or Malcolm Loughlin at 227-7397.
The Reporter
Re™ pNKoIse^w\ m /st* rthftero FCm/ma e/c^ui i/l"tfiy • anrnnWd OS ft aff
of Western Carolina University
April 23,1993 Cullowhee, North Carolina
It's
Speeches and
correspondence of
William Alexander
Graham appear in
a state-published
series edited by
WCU's Dr. Max
Williams.
Speaking volumes
The publication of the last book in a
series concludes a WCU history
professor's lifetime work.
no surprise that Dr. Max Williams recognizes
the handwriting of a particular Civil
War-era politician as quickly as his own.
Williams, professor of history, has
spent thirty years locating, transcribing, and
interpreting longhand copies of speeches
and correspondence of William Alexander
Graham, governor of North Carolina from 1845 to
1849 and political figure long after. In January,
the North Carolina Division of Archives and
History published the eighth and final volume of
The Papers of William Alexander Graham, a
prestigious series whose last four volumes
Williams edited.
The n^w volume, which covers the years
: * 1869-75, "deals with a time in North
•\ Carolina history that is somewhat less
well-known—that is, the final years
/ of Reconstruction" after the Civil
, War, Williams said. "The book
offers a more modern interpretation,
k more understanding of racial differ-
•• ences and the realities of defeat."
The release of Volume VIII
marked the first-ever completion
WMmmmwwiM of a series of major significance
by the Division of Archives and
% History. Begun in 1957 under the
'> > editorship of Dr. J.G. de Roulhac
Hamilton, the series presents writings that
illuminate political and social developments
spanning Graham's forty-year career as a planter,
lawyer, and politician. Williams's annotations in
Volumes V-VIII, whose editing he assumed after
Hamilton's death in 1961, explain events and
situations referred to in the papers.
Graham is "one of the most important figures
in North Carolina history, arguably the most
respected man in his generation," Williams said.
The former governor also was speaker of the
Dr. Max Williams
North Carolina House of Commons, a United States
and a Confederate senator, and Secretary of the
U.S. Navy, among other positions.
Following the Civil War, Graham was allowed
to hold no political office, because of his service to
the Confederacy, but he remained a respected
statesman, involved in the affairs of the University
of North Carolina and committed to continuing
constitutional reform.
In preparing Volume VIII, Williams's coeditor
was Mary Reynolds Peacock, a former editor with
the Division of Archives and History who also
served as copy editor for volumes V-VIII.
Williams located most papers for his work in
collections at either UNC-Chapel Hill or Duke
University, though some documents came from the
Library of Congress and the University of Virginia.
Some came even from Maine's Bowdoin College
and the Massachusetts Historical Society.
Williams continues to work on a Graham
biography, a project already attracting interest from
presses at Louisiana State University and the
University of North Carolina.
News briefs
TELL ALL PUBLIC SCHOOL
TEACHERS YOU KNOW: they can
hone their writing skills at the annual
"Summer Institute" of the Mountain
Area Writing Project (MAWP), to be
held on campus July 7-August 4.
Fifteen teachers from the southwestern
mountain area will be selected for the
intensive, twenty-day institute. Activities
will run 9 a.m.-3 p.m. Monday-
Friday. Participants will share successful
approaches to the teaching of
writing, read recent publications on
teaching writing, and practice writing in
a variety of styles. Tuition and fees are
paid by the institute, which is affiliated
with the North Carolina Writing Project
and the National Writing Project. A
$400 stipend covers housing and meals.
Residence on campus is not required,
but is recommended as a rewarding part
of the MAWP experience. The project
is sponsored annually by WCU and
UNC-A. For more information, or to
register by May 1, call Dr. Jim Addison
(Writing Center) at 227-7197, or call
Joan Lance at UNC-A at (704) 251-
6420.
-GUILTY AS CHARGED," SAID THE
JURY at the close of a recent "trial" on
campus. The Student Coalition Against
Acquaintance Rape (S.C.A.A.R.)
staged the mock trial April 13 to
dramatize effects of date rape. The
alleged assailant, portrayed by senior
psychology major Will Pelfrey, was
charged with first-degree forcible rape
by the plaintiff, played by junior
psychology major Melissa Michalove.
The defendant claimed both he and the
plaintiff consented to their encounter,
which took place at an off-campus
party, according to the trial script. After
two-and-a-half hours of cross-examination
of witnesses, including staff members
from Housing, Student Development,
and Public Safety, "Judge" Bill
Haggard (Dean, Student Development)
asked the audience of about 170
students and university personnel for its
verdict. In a real court trial, the defendant
could have been sentenced to as
much as twelve years in prison.
April 23,1993
WESTERN CAROLINA UNIVERSITY
Sunday
25
Men's tennis, Cats at
Southern Conference
Tournament. Davidson.
Baseball, Cats vs.
Appalachian State.
Boone, 1 p.m.
Concert, Combined
Chorus. MRH, 4 p.m.
Free.
Monday Tuesday
26 27
WordPerfect Day. International
Mezzanine, Hunter Festival. Grandroom, UC,
Library, 10 a.m.-4 p.m. 10 a.m.-2 p.m.
Conference, "The Baseball, Cats vs. Lincoln
North American Free Memorial. Childress Field,
Trade Agreement." 3 p.m.
Registration, Mary
Woods Flinton Room, Concert, Brass Ensemble.
Dodson Cafeteria, MRH, 8 p.m.
11:30 a.m. Conference
will be held in
Grandroom, UC,
1:45 p.m
The Reporter is a publication produced by Western Carolina University featuring news, events, and campus community updates for faculty and staff. The publication began in August of 1970 and continues digitally today. Click on the link in the “Related Materials” field to access recent issues.XHF REPORTER Cullowhee, North Carolina
A Weekly Newsletter
for the Faculty and Staff
of Western Carolina University
March 4,1988
Coulter outlines action on drug arrests
In the aftermath of the arrests of severa l
students on illegal drug charges, Chancellor
Myron L. Coulter addressed the
Faculty Senate on February 24. Folloiving
are excerpts from his remarks:
We have had problems with drugs on
this campus, and those problems have
been brought into sharp focus in the
past few days by the arrests of a few
students. There are not as many as the
press would lead you to believe—only
five students—but that's too many,
obviously. Far too many. It's a problem
that exists almost everywhere, but one
that right now is sharply focused in our
county and around our campus. We're
very saddened by this, and we regret
very much the need for authorities to
have taken this action. On the other
hand, it is something that has to have
immediate and direct attention, and it
has received that.
Those individuals who are students of
this institution will be dealt with at the
appropriate time by the university
through established procedures. I've
asked our vice-chancellor for student
development to head the study, the investigation
of the charges, and the
status of those students.
One of the students, as you know, was
an athlete, the center of the basketball
team. He has been temporarily suspended
from participating in intercollegiate
athletics at the university.
It is uncanny that this situation
developed as it did, coming during our
observance of Drug Education Week.
At the same time, it is a condition
which none of us can tolerate. It must
be dealt with; it shall be dealt with. You
may be assured that the university will
take the appropriate steps. What are
they? Well, they are to find out, first,
what has happened, and then to be sure
that we do not place the university in
jeopardy by being too precipitous in our
action. We must tread this path
carefully and attend to the business of
dealing with the problem in an appropriate
manner.
The Board of Governors adopted a
new policy on illegal drugs that became
effective January 8. We are interpreting
that policy. There are places within the
policy which require judgment. Some
cases are dealt with clearly: for certain
offenses there are certain penalties, and
they are matters of statute. But certain
other offenses are subject to interpretation
and require careful study. We will
be applying that policy as well as our
own procedure, which has been in place
for a long while. Recommendations will
be made by the vice-chancellor for
student development to the chancellor
for the disposition of those cases. That
will take place in an orderly fashion. It
will also take place in a very carefully
developed fashion.
Now, I have heard that there is a
rumor going about that this is the tip of
the iceberg, that there are literally
hundreds of cases on our campus. The
officials have been in touch with us,
have consulted carefully with us, and
there has been no such information to
that effect. I am not saying that it
could not be true, but I am saying that
to my knowledge there is no foundation
in fact for that contention. We
know nothing of that sort of thing. As
far as we know, the action that has
been taken by local authorities has
been inclusive. We have heard nothing
otherwise to say that this is just the
beginning. |
Western faculty will share ideas
at Appalachian Studies Conference
Several faculty and staff members from
various departments will travel to
Radford, Va., March 18-20 as presenters
and panelists at the eleventh Appalachian
Studies Conference, to be held at
Radford University. Members of the
Appalachian Studies Association
(ASA) from institutions in six southern
states attend the conference each year.
The conference brochure states that
the purposes of the meeting are "to
share work in progress, to foster cooperation
within and between disciplines,
and to stimulate new work of significance"
among scholars, teachers, and
regional activists. Since 1977, when
ASA was formed, representatives from
Georgia, Kentucky, Tennessee,
Virginia, North Carolina, and West
Virginia have met to share and
promote ideas concerning the southern
highlands. The conference is hosted by
a different institution each year.
At the conference this month Tyler
Blethen (Mountain Heritage Center)
will sit on a panel for internationalizing
Appalachian studies, Jane Horton
(English) will present a paper entitled
The Vicissitudes of Urbino: An Examination
and Comparison of Influences That
Shape Mountain Cultures, and Jim
cont'd last pa ge
Campus events
COMPUTER WORKSHOPS - The
Computer Center will offer two
workshops for faculty and staff during
March. "Introduction to WordPerfect,"
a workshop for beginners in word
processing, will be offered from 3-5 p.m.
on Tuesday, March 8; Wednesday,
March 9; or Thursday, March 10.
"SPSSx on the Vax," which covers the
basics of the SPSSx statistical package,
will be offered from 3-5 p.m. on Tuesday,
March 22, or Wednesday, March
23. There is no charge for the workshops.
Register by calling the Computer
Center at 227-7282.
FOLK ART - Through Friday, April 1,
the Belk Building art gallery will feature
an exhibit of works by folk artist Clyde
Terrell Whiteside. Born in 1917 in
McDowell County, Whiteside has lived
in Old Fort for more than fifty years
and has produced numerous items of
folk art. Although he has no formal art
training, as a hobby he has carved,
painted, and constructed fanciful
animals and people, primarily from
branches of felled trees from the Pisgah
National Forest. The show is sponsored
by the Lectures, Concerts, and Exhibitions
Series. Gallery hours are 8:30
a.m.-5 p.m. weekdays. For additional
information contact the art department
at 227-7210.
THEATRE - Two productions for
March are announced by the speech
and theatre arts department. Byron, a
one-man play concerning the life of the
poet and author George Gordon, Lord
Byron, will be presented at 7:30 p.m. on
Thursday, March 17. The department
will present its spring touring children's
production of The Velveteen Rabbit at
7:30 p.m. on Friday, March 18, and at 2
p.m. on Saturday, March 19. Both performances
will be in the Music-English
Recital Hall. Admission is 3.ROCKATRAMSEYCENTER−ThehighlysuccessfulrockbandAerosmithwillperformintheRamseyCenterat8p.m.Monday,March29,withspecialguestWhiteLion.TheconcertissponsoredbyLastMinuteProductions.Allseatingwillbereserved.Ticketsare16 (14forWCUstudentswithIDs)andareavailableforpurchaseatthe•MilClark(EducationandPsychology)gaveapresentationentitled′TheNorthCarolinaEffectivePrincipalTrainingProgram"totheSoutheasternConferenceofElementarySchoolPrincipalsinCharlotteonFebruary19.Clarkservedasoneoftheprincipaldevelopersandwritersofthetrainingprogram,underthedirectionoftheStateDepartmentofPublicInstruction.Thewritingteamrecentlytrainedprincipalsineachofthestate′seighteducationaldistrictstoadministertheprogramtoallprincipals,assistantprincipals,andsuperintendentsinthestateduringthenextyear.•ChancellorMyronL.CoulterwillcontinuethisyeartoserveontwocommitteesoftheC.J.HarrisCommunityHospitalboardoftrustees.Since1986,Coulterhasbeenamemberofthephysicianrecruitmentandvolunteerservicecommittees.ColleenJakes(UniversityStudies)andDougReed(PublicInformation)alsoserveoncommitteesofthehospitalboard.•MarilynFeldman(Director,FieldExperiencesandTeacherPlacement)servedonaStateDepartmentofPublicInstructionvisitationteamtoPembrokeStateUniversityFebruary22−25.Theteamassessesspecificstandardsandcompetenciesthatteachereducationprogramsmustmeettoreceivestateapproval.FeldmanservedonsimilarteamsinIllinoispriortocomingtoWCUlastyear.•MarioGaetano(Music)directedtheWCUPercussionEnsembleattheRamseyCenterticketofficefrom9a.m.−6p.m.Monday−Fridayand10a.m.−4p.m.onSaturday.TicketsarealsoonsaleintheUniversityCenterofficesfrom9a.m.−5p.m.Monday−Friday.NorthCarolinaPercussiveArtsSocietyannualconventioninGreensboroFebruary19−20.MembersoftheensemblearestudentsRichardFrettolosoofGreensboro,AnthonyHigdonofRobbinsville,RichardHaynesofPinehurst,JoeReedofCullowhee,StevenRuffofMillSprings,andShannonKerrofPilotMountain.•RichardGentry(ElementaryEducationandReading)wasafeaturedspeakerattheColoradoInternationalReadingAssociationConferenceFebruary4−6inDenver,Colo.•DianeHoffbauer(SpecialServices)attendedthe"SupportServicesforStudentswithLearningDisabilities:StateoftheArt"conferenceinNewOrleansFebruary4−7.ThemeetingwassponsoredbytheAssociationonHandicappedServiceProgramsinPostsec−ondaryEducation.•WilliamH.(Bill)McClure(TrafficandSecurity)hasbeenpromotedtoassistantdirectoroftrafficandsecurity,effectiveMarch1.McCluresucceedsJamesW.Waldroop,whoisretiringasassistantdirectorafter27years.McClurehasbeenwiththeOfficeofTrafficandSecuritysince1973.•HeydarPourianandCarrollD.Aby(EconomicsandFinance),alongwithT.H.WillisofLouisianaTechUniversity,presentedapaperentitled′"ExperimentalDesignsinEventStudyMethodologies"attheannualmeetingoftheMidsouthAcademyofEconomicsandFinanceinFebruaryinHotSprings,Ark.BPeopleandplacesMarch4,TheReporterNewsbriefsEnvironmentalistfromSriLankavisitsNalinRuchiraLadduwahettyofSriLankatalkstostudentsina"PollutionPreventionPays"classofferedthroughtheCenterforImprovingMountainLiving.I−adouwahettyisanenvironmentallawyerandacentralfigureinSriLanka′senvironmentalmovemcn∗..HeistravelingintheUnitedStatesthroughtheInternationalVisitorProgramoftheU.S.InformationAgencytolearnaboutAmericanenvironmentalorganizations,includingprivateenvironmentallobbygroupsandtheEnvironmentalProtectionAgency.HisvisittoWCUFebruary15−17wascoordinatedbyCIML′sSusanSmithandincludedmeetingswithcoordinatorsfortheWesternNorthCarolinaAlliance;officialsoftheN.C.DepartmentofNaturalResourcesandCommunityDevelopment;WCUprofessorsinparksandrecreationmanagement,internationallawandpolicy,andbiology;andJacksonCountyBoardofCommissionersChairmanWayneHooper.OtherstopsonLadduwahetty′snationalitineraryincludeSanFranciscoandHonolulu.MartinchosentofillUNCsecretarialpostDavidG."D.G."Martin,Jr.,hasbeennamedactingsecretaryofTheUniversityofNorthCarolina.HewaselectedtothepositionFebruary12bytheUNCBoardofGovernorsupontherecommendationofPresidentC.D.Spangler,Jr.Martin,48,succeedsJohnP.Kennedy,Jr.,whoretiredDecember31.AnativeofAtlanta,MartingraduatedfromDavidsonCollegein1962.HeearnedalawdegreefromYaleUniversityin1968andsincethenhaspracticedlawinCharlotte.Henarrowlylostthe1984and1986racesforthestate′sninthdistrictseatintheU.S.Congress.AssecretaryoftheUniversity,MartinwillbetheprimaryliaisonbetweenSpanglerandtheBoardofGovernors.Hewillalsoworkwiththeboard,thepresident,andotherseniorstaffmemberstodeveloppolicyfortbeUniversity.StudentsplanfallParents′DayTheOfficeofStudentDevelopmentwillsponsorastudent−plannedandimplementedParents′Daynextfall.Theevent,totakeplaceSaturday,November12,willfeaturelectures,openhouses,andentertainmentforparentsofWCUstudents.CoordinatorfortheprojectisRichardBovender,ajuniorcomputerinformationsystemsmajorfromWinston−Salem.StaffadvisersareBonitaJacobs,deanforstudentdevelopment,andDickCameron,associatedeanforstudentdevelopment.ForadditionalinformationortobecomeaParents′Dayparticipant,contactStudentDevelopmentat227−7234.′AsIs′tvillbeperformedasAIDSbenefitAbenefitperformanceof"AsIs,"thedepartmentofspeechandtheatreartsproductionthatdealswiththeAIDSepidemic,willbeheldinAshevilleat8p.m.Tuesday,March15,attheFineArtsTheatre.TheperformanceisbeingsponsoredbytheWesternNorthCarolinaAIDSProject.Ticketsare5.
For additional information, contact the
speech and theatre arts department at
227-7491.
Qeography speakers
highlight science festival
Bob Dulli, an assistant to National
Geographic President Gilbert M.
Grosvenor, was scheduled to be the
keynote speaker Friday, March 4, as
more than 1,500 students and teachers
converged at the Ramsey Center for the
tenth annual Science Festival. Dulli's
presentation, entided "Geography: A
Voyage of Discovery," was to center on
research and exploration as parts of
National Geographic's efforts to restore
emphasis on geography in U.S. classrooms.
A second presentation was
planned by Dean Conger, director of
National Geographic's multi-image
division, on "A Photographer's View of
Geography." The Science Festival is
held to motivate students to pursue
further studies in the sciences, mathematics,
and geography. It is sponsored
by the departments of biology, chemistry,
earth sciences, and physics; the
Center for Environmental/Energy
Education; and the National Geographic
Society. The festival, coordinated
by Richard Berne (Chemistry and
Physics), involves a daylong schedule,
including competition in science projects,
National Geographic presentations,
and other educational sessio|ns.
The Reporter March 4, 1988
C 3.LCRID3.R THE WEEK AT WCU - MARCH 7-13
Monday, March 7
8 a.m.
STAR van leaves Forsyth parking lot for
Clemson University.
8 a.m.-5 p.m.
Library hours through March 11.
3 p.m.
Baseball at High Point.
Tuesday, March 8
8:30 a.m.
Institutional SAT, Natural Sciences
Auditorium.
3 p.m.
Baseball at High Point.
3-5 p.m.
Faculty/staff computer workshop: "Introduction
to WordPerfect," B-10 Forsyth.
Wednesday, March 9
8 a.m.
STAR van leaves Forsyth parking lot for
UT-Knoxville.
3 p.m.
Baseball at High Point.
3-5 p.m.
Faculty/staff computer workshop: "Introduction
to WordPerfect," B-10 Forsyth.
Thursday, March 1 0
3-5 p.m.
Faculty/staff computer workshop: "Introduction
to WordPerfect," B-10 Forsyth.
3:30 and 7 p.m.
Movie: Ivanhoe, Jackson County Library,
free.
Friday, March 11
8 a.m.
STAR van leaves Forsyth parking lot for
University of Georgia.
3 p.m.
Baseball vs. Liberty University, Childress
Field.
Saturday, March 1 2
Men's and women's track at Emory,
Atlanta, Ga.
Noon
Baseball vs. Liberty University (DH),
Childress Field.
8 p.m.
Super Pull '88-Monster Truck Race,
Ramsey Center, 11.50adults,6.50
youth.
Sunday, March 13
No activities listed.
Exhibits
"Jackson: A Mountain County," an historical exhibit, and "Working on a Building:
Jackson County Churches," a photography exhibit, 8 a.m.-5 p.m., Mountain
Heritage Center, through spring.
"Coverlets: New Threads in Old Patterns," a nine-projector slide show, Mountain
Heritage Center, 8 a.m.-5 p.m., through summer.
"Migration of the Scotch-Irish People," 8 a.m.-5 p.m., Mountain Heritage Center, a
permanent exhibit.
Folk Art by Clyde Whiteside, Art Gallery, Belk Building, February 15-April 1.
Conference cont'd
Horton (Biology) will present a paper
entitled The Park as Liv ing Museum:
The Natural Side.
Other presenters will be Clyde H. Ray
(Center for Improving Mountain
Living) on Traditional Appalachian
Culture and Traditional Highland Culture
Compared, Nancy Joyner (English) on
Mountain Momma: Land-as^Woman
Imagery in Appalachian Fiction, and
Blethen and Curtis Wood (Mountain
Heritage Center) on The Social Origins
of the Normal School Moveme nt in
Western North Carolina.
Bill Anderson (History), Anne
Rogers (Anthropology), and George
Frizzell (Hunter Library) will join a
panel discussing the current status of
research on the Cherokee Indian.
Association members at WCU
include Wilburn Hay den (Social
Work), who serves on the
organization's program committee, and
Gordon McKinney (History), a member
of ASA's steering committee.
'The association and the conference
enable us as scholars and educators
from throughout Appalachia to have
dialogue and share papers," said
Hayden. Participating faculty return to
the classroom here with new knowledge
of research done by ASA members, "an
advantage to our students and a benefit
for Western," Hayden said.
The interdisciplinary nature of the
conference is a "big plus," Hayden said,
bringing to Appalachian studies the
findings from many other scholarly
fields such as sociology, literature,
history, music, and chemistry.
The Appalachian Studies Association
grew out of the Appalachian Consortium,
an organization established in
1971, which sponsors cooperative
projects concerning the southern
highlands, including lecture circuits
and collaborative research, among
member institutions throughout the
Southeast. •
The Reporter is pu blished by th e Office of Publi c Informati on.
March 4, 1988 The Reporter
) ^ r i <1 1 pv A Weekly Newsletter
|H l-^l I 1—^ 1 l—< 1—^ for the Faculty and Staff
JL. VJL^JL JL^C J L 1 >1\ of Western Carolina University
Cullowhee, North Carolina March 11, 1988
Coverlets exhit
Little more than two months after
being adopted as a traveling exhibit by
the Smithsonian Institution, a coverlets
display created by the Mountain
Heritage Center has its first bookings at
other museums. Three institutions have
signed to carry the exhibit at different
times during th<* next two years.
Mountain Heritage Center staff,
meanwhile, are preparing "Coverlets:
New Threads in Old Patterns" to go on
the road, adapting it to a simpler form
for portability.
First among the bookings is an August
stop at McKissick Museum in Columbia,
S.C. In January, the exhibit is
3it booked by m;
scheduled to appear at Mission Mill
Museum in Eugene, Ore., and in the
fall of 1989, it will visit the St. Louis,
Mo., Parks Commission. The exhibit
will spend six weeks at each location it
visits during its three-year tenure as a
Smithsonian feature.
'These are big-time museums, among
the major museums of America," said
Jan Davidson, curator of the Mountain
Heritage Center.
The traveling version of the exhibit
will contain the major elements of the
original Mountain Heritage Center
version, including more than twenty-five
coverlets created between 1850 and
ajor museums
1979. There are numerous photographs
illustrating the necessary tools and the
history of Appalachian weaving. The
Smithsonian encourages participating
museums to augment the display with
their own collection of spinning and
weaving equipment.
Wherever the exhibit appears, "ids
made quite obvious it was created at
WCU," Davidson said. "We hope to
show people all over the country the
quality work that's done in Cullowhee,
and we think this is excellent publicity
for the university."
"Coverlets" tells of the turn-of-the-century
rediscovery of a domestic skill
that had become rare in the United
States. Frances Goodrich, a social
worker from New England striving to
alleviate poverty in the mountains of
western North Carolina in the 1890s,
sold Appalachian handicrafts, particularly
coverlets, in northern states to
bridge the social gap between rural and
urban communities. Largely through
her influence, coverlets and handicrafts
became a positive symbol of Appalachia
in urban centers where unpleasant
stereotypes of mountain people flourished.
According to Davidson, Goodrich's
work helped begin the American
handicraft revival, which continues
today. The centerpiece of the traveling
exhibit is the coverlet given to
Goodrich in 1895 which motivated her
to mix crafts with social work.
"Weaving and other crafts emphasized
human activity, so the story has a
philosophical and historical base in the
reaction to industrialization. It's a story
of national impact, and the exhibit is a
product of serious academic research,"
Davidson said. H
New scholarship est
in industrial distribt
The National Association of Hose and
Accessories Distributors (NAHAD)
will provide scholarship support in
1988-89 for the industrial distribution
degree program in the School of
Technology and Applied Science.
During a visit to campus in February,
Curtis W. Sprague of Johnson City,
Tenn., a member of NAHAD's Training
and Education Committee, said the
organization will establish a 1,000scholarshipforanoutstandingstudentmajoringinindustrialdistribution.NAHADdecidedtoofferthescholarshiphereafterreviewingindustrialdistributionprogramsatinstitutionsacrossthecountry,Spraguesaid.TheprogramatWesternwaschosenbecauseofthequalityofitscurriculumandfacilitiesandbecauseoftheproximityofthecampustoindustrialdistributorseastoftheMississippiablisheditionRiver,Spraguesaid.NAHAD,headquarteredinPhiladelphia,Pa.,hasmorethan400members."Weareimpressedwithyourstudents,andyourcourseworkinareasofmachiningprocesses,polymertechnology,computerapplications,andblueprintreadingalllookverygood.Acrosstheboard,yourcurriculumisrealworld,"hesaid.SpragueisgeneralmanagerofMountainEmpireRubberandSpecialtyCo.,Inc.,ofJohnsonCity,Tenn.InadditiontoNAHAD′sscholarship,industrialdistributionwillreceivea500
cash award from Sprague's firm for its
operating budget next year.
Seventy-three students are majoring
in industrial distributi
The general metadata -- e.g., title, author, abstract, subject headings, etc. -- is publicly available, but access to the submitted files is restricted to UT Southwestern campus access and/or authorized UT Southwestern users.Wilms tumor, while the most common pediatric kidney tumor, has a poorly understood etiology. Several recent studies have uncovered a role for loss of let-7 in its pathogenesis. One crucial mechanism through which let-7 expression is controlled is via the activity of the RNA-binding protein LIN28, which binds the precursor of let-7 and mediates the addition of a series of uridines to the 3′ end. This oligouridylation marks pre-let-7 for degradation by the exoribonuclease DIS3L2. Loss-of-function mutations in DIS3L2 lead to the Perlman congenital overgrowth syndrome, characterized by high neonatal mortality and, interestingly, a strong predisposition to Wilms tumor. Furthermore, DIS3L2 has been found to be deleted or mutated in some cases of sporadic Wilms tumor. The importance of let-7 in Wilms tumorigenesis and a purported role for DIS3L2 in the LIN28-let-7 pathway have led to speculation that aberrant let-7 expression underlies Wilms tumor susceptibility in DIS3L2-deficient contexts.
It is still unclear, though, how loss of DIS3L2 could lead to altered let-7 levels, as the uridylated pre-let-7 species that DIS3L2 degrades is believed to be a dead-end product that cannot be further processed by DICER into mature let-7. Thus far, regulation of mature let-7 levels by DIS3L2 has only been examined in a limited number of cell lines. To determine whether DIS3L2 regulation of let-7 differs in a broader set of cell types, we used genome-editing to knockout DIS3L2 in a wide-ranging panel of cell lines with differing levels of LIN28 expression. Consistent with prior reports, loss of DIS3L2 had no effect on mature let-7 expression in these cell lines.
However, it remained possible that the regulation of let-7 by DIS3L2 differed in cell populations relevant to Wilms tumor pathogenesis in vivo. Thus, to examine DIS3L2 function in these contexts, we used CRISPR-Cas9 to generate mouse lines harboring either Dis3l2-null alleles or mutations commonly observed in Perlman syndrome. Interestingly, Dis3l2 mutants recapitulated some aspects of Perlman syndrome, including neonatal mortality and genitourinary abnormalities, but not overgrowth or Wilms tumor. Moreover, the phenotype that results from the most common Perlman mutation is the same as that seen in the Dis3l2 loss-of-function mouse model, suggesting that the DIS3L2 mutations reported in Perlman syndrome are indeed loss-of-function.
Finally, we examined the molecular function of DIS3L2 in isolated primary nephron progenitor cells (NPCs), a likely cell of origin of Wilms tumors, from Dis3l2-null and wild-type embryos. Consistent with our findings in the cell lines, loss of DIS3L2 in NPCs does not affect let-7 expression or activity, yet leads to upregulation of Igf2, which is reported to be overexpressed in 70-80% of Wilms tumors. Therefore, Igf2 poses an attractive candidate for both overgrowth and oncogenesis associated with DIS3L2 loss
PhDThe aim of this thesis is to explore, by examining her life and
works, how Sarah Fielding (1710-68) established her identity as an author.
The definition of her role involves her notions of the functions of
writing and reading.
Sarah Fielding attempts to invite readers to form a sense of ties
by tacit understanding of her messages. As she believes that a work
of literature is produced through collaboration between the writer and
the reader, it is an important task in her view to show her attentiveness
toward reading practice. In her consideration of reading, she has two
distinct, even opposite views of her audience: on the one hand a familiar
and limited circle of readers with shared moral and cultural values and
on the other potential readers among the unknown mass of people. The
dual targets direct her to devise various strategies. She tries to
appeal to those who can endorse and appreciate her moral values as well
as her learning. Her writings and letters testify that she is sensitive
to the demands of the literary market, trying to lead the taste of readers
by inventing new forms.
The thesis opens with an overview of Sarah Fielding's career,
followed by a consideration of her critical attention to the roles of
reading. I go on to examine the narrative structures and strategies
she deploys, with a particular emphasis on her use of the epistolary
method. The following chapter deals with her attention to the reading
of the moral message tangibly embodied in her educational writing. It
is followed by an analysis of the activity which earned her a reputation
as a learned woman. Various as the forms of her works are, they invariably
reflect her attempt to balance herself between the two demands of
inventiveness and familiarity
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