112,064 research outputs found
Wertigkeit serologischer Vitamin D- und Zink Bestimmungen in der Beurteilung einer klinischen und endoskopischen Remission bei Patienten mit chronisch-entzündlichen Darmerkrankungen
No full textSerum IL-6 und sIL-2R assoziiert mit klinischem und endoskopischem Grad einer Remission bei CED-Patienten
No full textDrepanoneura muzoni Ellenrieder & Garrison, 2008, sp. nov.
No full textDrepanoneura muzoni sp. nov. Figures 2 j–k, 7, 18, 27 f– 30 f, 36g –h, 37 Etymology. We name this species muzoni (noun in the genitive case) in honor of our good friend and colleague Javier Muzón, in gratitude for introducing the senior author to Odonatology and for his continuing aid during our studies, and in recognition of his contributions to the knowledge of neotropical Odonata. Specimens examined. Total 45 ɗ, 7 Ψ.— Holotype ɗ: Ecuador, Orellana Province, Parque Nacional Yasuni, stream on Waorani Reserve road (00° 42 'S, 76 ° 28 'W, 200 m), 18 vii 1996, leg. K.J. Tennessen (FSCA). Paratypes: Ecuador, Sucumbíos Province: 2 ɗ, Limoncocha, forest stream (00° 24 'S, 76 ° 36 'W, 300 m), 23 / 24 vii 1977, leg. D.R. Paulson (DRP); 1 ɗ, same data (RWG); 2 ɗ, same data but 24 xi 1980, leg. M.J. Westfall, Jr. (FSCA); 3 ɗ, 1 Ψ, same data but Playaco River (243 m), 22 / 25 viii 1980, leg. K.W. Knopf (RWG); 3 ɗ, same data (FSCA). Orellana Province: 1 ɗ, Parque Nacional Yasuni, small stream 2.3 km E of Scientific Research Station (00° 38 'S, 76 ° 30 'W, 180 m), 0 9 vi 1995, leg. K.J. Tennessen (RWG); 2 ɗ, same data but slow stream 6.8 km from Scientific Station, 15 xi 1997 (KJT); 1 Ψ, same data but stream at PC 29 & 30, 1.8 km from jct. with park road, 18 vii 1996 (RWG); 1 ɗ, same data but 16 xi 1997 (RWG); 2 ɗ, same data but leg. B. Mauffray (FSCA); 1 Ψ, same data but Río Savaleto at km marker 31, 17 vii 1996 (KJT); 1 ɗ, same data but stream at km 29 on Yasuni Road, 11 vi 1995 (KJT); 2 ɗ, same data but km 46 on Waorani Reserve road, small forested stream (200 m), 16 xi 1997, leg. B. Mauffray (FSCA); 1 ɗ, same data (RWG). Napo Province: 1 ɗ, Río Jatún Yacu (01°01'S, 77 ° 50 'W, 700 m), 20 iii 1937, leg. W. Clarke-Macintyre (UMMZ); 2 ɗ, 1 Ψ, Río Chinchipino, E of Jatún Sacha, 27.7 km E of Puerto Napo (01°04' 24 ''S, 77 ° 35 ' 12 ''W, 400 m), 13 / 22 vii 1996, leg. K.J. Tennessen (KJT); 1 ɗ, same data (RWG); 3 ɗ, same data but 13 xi 1997, leg. T.W. Donnelly (TWD); 2 ɗ, same data (RWG); 6 ɗ, Napo watershed, headwaters of Río Arajuna, stream 3 (01°05'S, 77 ° 32 'W, 1000 m), 23 / 30 iv 1941, leg. W. Clarke-Macintyre (UMMZ); 1 ɗ, same data (MLP); 1 ɗ, same data (RWG); 1 ɗ, same data (TWD); 1 ɗ, same data but stream 5 (RWG). Peru, Loreto Department: 1 Ψ, Muniches, Río Paranapura on Río Huallaga (05° 51 'S, 76 ° 10 'W, 177 m), vii 1939, leg. G.G. Klug (RWG). Madre de Dios Department: 1 Ψ, Pakitza, Res. Zone, PN Manu, Trail 1, Zone 2 to basecamp (11 ° 56 'S, 71 ° 18 'W, 250 m), 11 ix 1989, leg. J. Louton (USNM); 1 ɗ, 1 Ψ, same data but mrk. 18, seeps, 16 / 17 ix 1989, leg. N.E. Adams (USNM); 1 ɗ, same data but 21 ix 1988, leg. O.S. Flint, Jr. (RWG); 2 ɗ, Tambopata-Cándamo Reserved Zone, Camp 5, Río Tambopata east bank, at stream (12 ° 50 ' 18 ''S, 69 ° 17 ' 59 ''W), 12 i 1998, leg. M. Butt (RWG). Male holotype. Head. Labium, labrum except medio-basal black spot, anteclypeus, and second antennal segment pale yellow; base of mandibles, genae, ventral half of antefrons, and triangular spot on anterior surface of antennifer pale blue, remainder of head black. Thorax. Prothorax, mesepisternum, mesepimeron, and stripe along dorsal margin of metapleural suture black with metallic green and copper reflections; stripe along ventral margin of humeral suture, metepisternum, metepimeron, and pterothoracic venter pale yellow (Fig. 2 j); coxae and trochanters yellow; femora yellow with three faint black bands; tibiae, tarsi, and pretarsi yellow with black apices; 4 spurs on metafemora, 6 on metatibiae. Hw 5.4 times as long as wide; 12 Px in Fw, 10 Px in Hw; MP reaching wing margin slightly distal to vein descending from subnodus; IR 2 arising just distal to vein descending from subnodus; IR 2 and RP 3 in contact one cell posterior to their origin; RP 2 beginning between Px 4 and 5 in right Fw, closer to Px 5 in left Fw and to Px 3 in both Hw; pt pale brown with yellow marginal hairline, shorter than underlying cell in Fw and as long as underlying cell in Hw, with costal side as long as or slightly shorter than posterior side. Abdomen. Dorso-laterally black with metallic reflections except for narrow yellow bands interrupted medio-dorsally by black on base of S 3–7; latero-ventral portion of terga and sterna pale brown to yellow. Apex of genital ligula with a shallow v-shaped cleft (Fig. 18 a) and latero-distal lobes short, broad and curved medially (Fig. 18 c). Dorso-posterior margin of S 10 projected posteriorly (Figs. 27 f– 28 f). Ventral branch of cercus as long as base of cercus, approximately cylindrical (Fig. 28 f), in posterior view arising at mid-width of cercus and parallel to ventral branch of opposite cercus (Fig. 30 f). Paraproct pointed (Fig. 28 f). Dimensions. Total length 33.8 mm; abdomen length 27.3 mm; Hw 18.5 mm. Paratypes. Paratypes are similar to holotype but vary as follows: some specimens with pale humeral stripe and metepisternum obscured; femur yellow with one apical black band to entirely dark brown; 3-4 spurs on metafemora, 5–6 on metatibiae; Hw 5.3–5.6 times as long as wide; 11–15 Px in Fw, 9–12 Px in Hw; MP reaching wing margin at vein descending from subnodus to slightly distal to it, and IR 2 sometimes arising at vein descending from subnodus; IR 2 and RP 3 separated by a short crossvein one cell posterior to their origin; and RP 2 beginning between Px 4–7 in Fw and Px 3–4 in Hw. Female has ventral fourth of labrum yellow; more extensive pale color on mesepimeron and metepisternum (Fig. 2 k); posterior margin of pronotum medially cleft with a pair of dorsally directed laminar dorso-lateral processes, and a pair of medio-posteriorly directed laminar ventro-lateral processes on each side (Fig. 7); and ventral side of sub-basal plate of ovipositor approximately linear and dorsal side concave (Fig. 36 g). Dimensions. Males (n= 10): total length 32.2–35.7 mm [mean 33.9 mm; SD 1.2]; abdomen 27.3–30.7 mm [mean 28.9 mm; SD 1.1]; Hw 18–20.3 mm [mean 18.8 mm; SD 0.7]. Females (n= 7): total length 30.7–33 mm [mean 32.1 mm; SD 0.7]; abdomen 26.2–28.2 mm [mean 27.4 mm; SD 0.7]; Hw 18.6–19.9 mm [mean 19 mm; SD 0.4]. Diagnosis. Male of D. muzoni shares with D. flinti and D. peruviensis the ventral branch of cercus arising at mid-width (not aligned with inner margin of cercus) and convergent to branch of opposite cercus at tip only (Fig. 30 f). It differs from both by the ventral branch of cercus being as long as base of cercus (Fig. 28 f) and usually by the presence of pale mesepisternal stripes (Fig. 2 j; obscured in some specimens), and further from D. peruviensis by the apex of genital ligula with a shallow v-shaped cleft (Fig. 18 a). Female is unique by its two pairs of laminar lateral processes on each side of posterior margin of pronotum, with the dorsal pair upright in lateral view (Fig. 7 b). Biology. Adults were collected at forest streams and rivers. Distribution. Orellana Province in Ecuador to Madre de Dios Department in Peru (Fig. 37).Published as part of Ellenrieder, Natalia Von & Garrison, Rosser W., 2008, Drepanoneura gen. nov. for Epipleoneura letitia and Protoneura peruviensis, with descriptions of eight new Protoneuridae from South America (Odonata: Protoneuridae), pp. 1-34 in Zootaxa 1842 on pages 23-25, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.18322
Drepanoneura flinti Ellenrieder & Garrison, 2008, sp. nov.
No full text<i>Drepanoneura flinti</i> sp. nov. <p>Figures 2 c–d, 4, 14, 27b–30b, 36c, 37</p> <p> <b>Etymology.</b> We name this species <i>flinti</i> (noun in the genitive case) in honor of our friend and colleague Oliver Flint Jr. in recognition of his contributions to the knowledge of New World Odonata and his ongoing kind assistance to odonate students as curator of the rich USNM collection.</p> <p> <b>Specimens examined.</b> Total 8 ɗ, 1 Ψ.— <b>Holotype</b> ɗ: Colombia, Amazonas Department, Puerto Abeja, Stream #3, N of Araracuara (00°04'44''S, 72°26'50''W), 0 3 vii 1996, leg. G. Pritchard & J. Zloty (USNM). <b>Paratypes</b>: 1 ɗ, same data as holotype (USNM); 6 ɗ, 1 Ψ, same data (RWG).</p> <p> <b>Male holotype. Head</b>. Labium, ventral third of labrum, anteclypeus, and triangular spot on anterior surface of antennifer pale yellow; base of mandibles, genae, and ventral half of antefrons pale blue, remainder of head black.</p> <p> <b>Thorax</b>. Prothorax, mesepisternum, mesepimeron, and portion of metepisternum posterior to metastigma black with metallic green and copper reflections; portion of metepisternum anterior to metastigma, metepimeron, and pterothoracic venter pale yellow (Fig. 2 c); coxae blackish; trochanters yellow; femora brown to black at apex; tibiae, tarsi, and pretarsi yellow with black apices; 3 spurs on metafemora, 6 on metatibiae. Hw 5.5 times as long as wide; 12 Px in Fw, 10 Px in Hw; MP reaching wing margin at vein descending from subnodus; IR2 arising just distal to vein descending from subnodus; IR2 and RP 3 in contact one cell posterior to their origin; RP 2 beginning closer to Px 5 in Fw and to Px 3 in Hw; pt pale brown with yellow marginal hairline, shorter than underlying cell in Fw and as long as underlying cell in Hw, with costal side as long as posterior side.</p> <p> <b>Abdomen</b>. Dorso-laterally black with metallic reflections, latero-ventral portion of terga and sterna pale brown to yellow. Apex of genital ligula with a shallow v-shaped cleft (Fig. 14 a) and latero-distal lobes short, broad, and curved medially (Fig. 14 c). Dorso-posterior margin of S10 projected posteriorly (Figs. 27 b–28b). Ventral branch of cercus longer than its base, approximately cylindrical (Fig. 28 b), in posterior view arising at mid-width of cercus and convergent to branch of opposite cercus at tip (Fig. 30 b). Paraproct pointed (Fig. 28 b).</p> <p> <b>Dimensions</b>. Total length 29.9 mm; abdomen length 25.5 mm; Hw 16.4 mm.</p> <p> <b>Paratypes.</b> Paratypes are similar to holotype but vary as follows: femora banded to entirely dark brown; 4–5 spurs on metafemora, 5–6 on metatibiae; Hw 5.6–5.8 times as long as wide; 11–13 Px in Fw, 9–11 Px in Hw; MP reaching wing margin from slightly distal to vein descending from subnodus to distally for 1/4–1/3 of length of adjacent cell, and IR2 sometimes arising at vein descending from subnodus. Females have the ventral fourth of labrum yellow, dark color of thoracic dorsum extending to metapleural suture only at posterior fifth (Fig. 2 d), femora yellow with two black bands, posterior margin of female pronotum approximately linear (Fig. 4), and dorsal and ventral sides of sub-basal plate of ovipositor concave (Fig. 36 c).</p> <p> <b>Dimensions</b>. Males (n = 7): total length 29.9–31.1 mm [mean 30.5 mm; SD 0.5]; abdomen 25.4–27.4 mm [mean 26.1 mm; SD 0.6]; Hw 16.4–17.6 mm [mean 16.8 mm; SD 0.5]. Female (n = 1): total length 29.6 mm; abdomen 24.9 mm; Hw 17.1 mm.</p> <p> <b>Diagnosis.</b> Male differs from <i>D. peruviensis</i> only by morphology of its genital ligula. Male shares cercus with ventral branch arising at mid-width and parallel to branch of opposite cercus only with <i>D. muzoni</i> and <i>D. peruviensis</i> (Fig. 30 b), but it differs from the former by its ventral branch of cercus longer than base of cercus (Fig. 28 b), and from both species by its apex of genital ligula with a shallow v-shaped cleft (Fig. 14 a). Female is unique in having the posterior lobe of pronotum approximately linear and devoid of ventro-lateral processes (Fig. 4) and by the sub-basal plate of ovipositor with both ventral and dorsal sides concave (Fig. 36 c).</p> <p> <b>Biology.</b> Adults were collected at a stream (collection label).</p> <p> <b>Distribution.</b> Amazonas Department, Colombia (Fig. 37).</p>Published as part of <i>Ellenrieder, Natalia Von & Garrison, Rosser W., 2008, Drepanoneura gen. nov. for Epipleoneura letitia and Protoneura peruviensis, with descriptions of eight new Protoneuridae from South America (Odonata: Protoneuridae), pp. 1-34 in Zootaxa 1842</i> on pages 13-19, DOI: <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/183222">10.5281/zenodo.183222</a>
Pseudococcus variabilis von Ellenrieder & Watson, sp. nov.
No full textPseudococcus variabilis von Ellenrieder & Watson, sp. nov. (Figures 1–3) Etymology. We name this species variabilis (Latin meaning ‘variable’) in reference to the great variability it displays in the diagnostic characters traditionally used to distinguish between the various groups and species of Pseudococcus, such as the presence or absence of discoidal pores by the eyes and translucent pores on the hind femur. Type material. Holotype female. U.S.A., California: San Diego County, San Marcos, outdoor landscape on Agave sp., 15.iv. 2013, T. Rangel & T. Ellis leg. [CSCA, PDR # 370 P06143551]. Paratypes: 112 ♀, 15 ♂. Ex MEXICO: 1 ♀, intercepted at U.S.A.: Arizona, Nogales on Agave sp., 22.ii. 1975, J. Bache-Wiig & G. Ehni leg. [USNM]; Jalisco State: 2 ♀, El Arenal Municipality, Llano Grande, on A. tequilana, 29.xi. 2014, H. González Hernández leg. [CSCA, molecular vouchers 15 T336, 15T 337]. U.S.A., California: Los Angeles County: 12 ♀, Redondo Beach, on Agave sp., 29.viii. 1992, J. Beardsley leg. [BPBM]; 12 ♀, Sierra Madre, on A. americana, 24.ix. 1993, J. Beardsley leg. [BPBM]; 4 ♀, Irwindale, in nursery on Agave sp., 31.i. 2012, Bakri leg. [CSCA]; 2 ♀, Malibu, in nursery on Agave sp., 2.iii. 2012, I. Milled and Matsumoto leg. [CSCA]. San Diego County: 5 ♀, Encinitas, outdoors in ornamental planting on A. shawii, 2.xii. 2011, D. Kellum leg. [CSCA]; 2 ♀, San Marcos, in retail outlet on Agave sp., 25.i. 2012, A. Romo & T. Ellis leg. [CSCA]; 2 ♀, same data but [CPFT]; 10 ♀, 4 ♂, San Marcos, outdoor landscape on Agave sp., T. Rangel & T. Ellis leg., 15.iv. 2013 [CSCA]; 3 ♀, San Diego, in nursery on Agave sp., 11.v. 2012, I. Torres leg. [CSCA]; 3 ♀, Fallbrook, on roadside on Agave sp., 28.vi. 2012, I. Torres leg. [CSCA]; 5 ♀, 4 ♂, Vista, in backyard on Agave sp., 11.vii. 2012, I. Torres leg. [CSCA]; 2 ♀, Vista, in nursery on Agave sp., 22.viii. 2012, G. Terhall leg. [ASCA]; 4 ♀, 1 ♂, Valley Center, in nursery on Agave sp., 23 vii 2012, R. Delaval & M. Wube leg. [CSCA]; 2 ♀, 1 ♂, San Diego, San Diego Zoo, on Agave sp., 29.ix. 2015, T. Ellis leg. [BMNH]; 2 ♀, 1 ♂, same data but 30.ix. 2015 [FSCA]. Santa Barbara County: 1 ♀, Montecito, in nursery on Agave sp., 29.iii. 1981, R.A. Flock leg. [CSCA]; 5 ♀, Montecito, in nursery on A. americana, J. Karl & G. Davidson leg., 18.x. 1984 [CSCA]; 5 ♀, 4 ♂ (reared), Montecito, in nursery on Agave sp., 28.xi. 1984, J. Karl & G. Davidson leg. [CSCA]; 2 ♀, Santa Barbara, in nursery on Agave sp., 6.iv. 1981, Doutt leg. [CSCA]; 17 ♀, Santa Barbara, in nursery on Agave sp., 1.x. 1984, J. Karl leg. [CSCA]; 5 ♀, same data but [CPFT]; 5 ♀, same data but [USNM]; 3 ♀, Carpinteria, in nursery on Aloe [probably incorrect host listed], 22.iii. 2012, M.A. Rajala leg. [CSCA]; 1 ♀, Carpinteria, in nursery on Agave sp., 17.vi. 2014, M. Towne leg. [UCDC]. Description of the adult female. Macroscopic appearance (Fig. 1). Body of live adult female pale pink, with a thin coating of powdery white wax and paired, lateral filaments of white wax on margins of abdomen, with longest pair projecting from posterior-most segment. Color of body in alcohol pale pink-orange, not turning black when placed in 10 % KOH (unlike Paracoccus gillianae von Ellenrieder & Stocks, which often occurs on the same host-plants in California). Slide-mounted characters (Fig. 2). Body of adult female oval, 2.50 ± 0.55 [2.32] (1.48–3.38) mm long, maximum width at level of hind coxae 1.38 ± 0.39 [1.2] (0.72–1.94) mm. Anal lobes moderately developed, each with an apical seta 161 ± 16 [162] (132–180) µm long and ventral sclerotization approximately rectangular. Antennae each 485 ± 26 [474] (456–534) µm long, with 8 segments, distal segment partly divided by an oblique membranous area, mostly visible ventrally but extending partially onto dorsal surface as well, in all examined specimens. Legs well developed, hind tibia 265 ± 21 [276] (240–309) µm long, hind femur 260 ± 21 [270] (219–294) µm long, hind trochanter + femur 332 ± 29 [324] (285–372) µm long, hind tibia + tarsus 360 ± 25 [360] (321–402) µm long; claw well developed, 29 ± 2 [30] (24–33) µm long. Ratio of lengths of hind tibia + tarsus to hind trochanter + femur 1: 0.9 ± 0.02 [1: 0.9] (1: 0.87–1: 0.97). Ratio of lengths of hind tibia to tarsus 1: 0.4 ± 0.02 [1: 0.33] (1: 0.31–1: 0.38). Dorsal surface of hind tibia distally with 12–67 [5–9] translucent pores, and dorsal surface of hind femur with 0–21 [3–9] translucent pores. Labium 197 ± 13 [204] (180–216) µm long (measured as l in Fig. 2); tentorium 216 ± 12 [135] (192–234) µm long (measured as t in Fig. 2); ratio of lengths of labium to tentorium 1: 0.9 ± 0.05 [1: 0.94] (1: 0.85–1: 0.97). Circulus present between SIII and SIV, 159 ± 26 [132] (102–210) µm wide, divided by intersegmental line. Four apodemes associated with vulva, two anterior and two posterior, always present. Anterior and posterior ostioles moderately developed. Anal ring 96 ± 8 [93] (78–105) µm in diameter, bearing 6 setae, each 129 ± 17 [126] (102–138) µm long. Cerarii numbering 15–16 pairs [16]; anterior metathoracic cerarii (C 10) absent, and pair located between anterior ostioles and procoxae (C 14) sometimes absent. Anal lobe cerarii (C 1) each containing 2 conical setae, each seta 25 ± 2 [24] (24–30) µm long, 5–7 auxiliary setae and a concentration of trilocular pores on a weakly sclerotized area. Other cerarii with conical setae in each cerarius numbering 2 on SII–IX, 2–3 on SI, and 2–4 on thorax and head. Dorsal surface. Slender flagellate setae of two types present: shorter setae each 9 ± 0.9 [9] (9–12) µm long; longer setae each 39 ± 4 [21] (30–48) µm long. Multilocular pores absent. Trilocular pores evenly distributed except absent from segmental folds. Discoidal pores, each slightly smaller than a trilocular pore, scarce, a few scattered throughout and some located near some OR. OR absent from SVIII, 24–46 [36] present medially, submedially, submarginally, and/or marginally on abdomen in loose rows as follows: SI 1–7 [7]; SII 5–10 [6]; SIII 5–7 [6]; SIV 5–8 [6]; SV 4–7 [5]; SVI 2–5 [3]; SVII 2 or 3 [3]; prothorax 1 or 2 [1]; mesothorax 2–8 [2]; metathorax 6–11 [11]; and head 6–8 [7], with one always present between eye and anterior ostiole on each side. Ventral surface. Setae, normal, flagellate. Cisanal setae each 49 ± 6 [31] (39–60) µm long, obanal setae each 48 ± 12 [50] (30–72) µm long, anal lobe seta 161.4 ± 16 (132–180) µm long. Multilocular pores each 8 ± 0.4 µm [8] (8–9) in diameter, present in medial area of abdomen, anteriorly as far forward as SI–III, absent from submarginal or marginal areas; thorax with some multilocular pores scattered on medial area near bases of legs. Trilocular pores evenly distributed except absent from segmental lines and around coxal bases. Discoidal pores same size as on dorsum, scattered, with 0–3 [0] situated near eyes. OR present in marginal and submarginal areas of SI or II to SIV and thorax, and near each frontal cerarius on head, absent medially. OC of 2 sizes; larger type slightly wider than and smaller type slightly narrower than a trilocular pore, both fairly numerous, intermixed, forming rows medially on SIII –VIII and marginal groups on SII–VIII; some OC also scattered submedially on head and thorax, with 0–13 [6 or 7] present submarginally on each side at level of front coxa, absent submarginally at level of middle coxa. Variation. About 50 % of females have at least one discoidal pore near one eye, only 1.5 % have at least one pore associated with both eyes, and 50 % lack discoidal pores near eyes entirely. About 50 % of females have 1 to 21 (usually less than 9) translucent pores on hind femur, and 50 % lack any on both hind femora. One female (less than 1 %) lacks any ventral OC submarginally on both sides at the level of the front coxae (most commonly 5 or 6 present on each side). Description of the adult male. Slide-mounted characters (Fig. 3). Body of adult male elongate oval, 1.17 ± 0.1 (0.97–1.28) mm long, with maximum width of 0.38 ± 0.04 (0.30–0.46) mm at SIII –IV; both hair-like (hs) and fleshy (fs) setae present throughout. Antennae slightly shorter than half of total body length. Most available males (92 %) brachypterous, with wing buds as long as about 0.08–0.25 of total body length and 0.42–0.64 as wide as long; one male macropterous, with wings 0.86 as long as total body length and 0.49 as wide as long. Head. Width across genae 181.6 ± 11.5 (164.2–195.2) µm. Each side with about 8–19 dorsal head setae (1–4 fs, 7–15 hs), 11–16 genal setae (6–13 fs, 3–7 hs), 0 dorsal ocular setae, and 0–2 multilocular pores near each scape. Ventral head setae: 15–24 (3–10 fs, 11–14 hs) on each side, in three groups; one situated on longitudinal median line between ventral eyes, another group forming a transverse band between each ocellus and ventral midcranial ridge, and a third along a line on each side of ventral arm of midcranial ridge. With 2 pairs of round simple eyes; dorsal eyes each placed approximately dorso-laterally to ventral simple eyes, each 26.8 ± 1.5 (23.8–28.6) µm wide, ventral eyes 27.2 ± 3.2 (21.4–30.9) µm wide. Ocular sclerites weakly sclerotized, and weakly reticulated dorsally. Ocelli pronounced, situated laterally, each 19.4 ± 2.6 (15.5–23.8) µm wide, located between preocular and postocular ridges. Dorsal arm of midcranial ridge extending beyond posterior margin of dorsal eye, and ventral ridge extending from lateral arms posteriorly to just anterior to ventral simple eyes. Preocular ridge well developed, extending from inner margin of dorsal simple eyes antero-laterally to base of each scape and then postero-laterally to join post-ocular ridge just ventral to each ocellus. Post-ocular ridge well developed, extending from posterior to each dorsal simple eye antero-laterally past each ocellus and then fusing with the preocular ridge before extending postero-laterally to near mouth. Interocular ridge hinted at as a slightly more sclerotized bar dorsad to each ocellus. Preoral ridge weakly developed. Cranial apophysis not detected. Antennae. Ten segmented and filiform; 522 ± 73.5 (404.6–629.5) µm, as long as 0.45 ± 0.03 (0.40–0.49) of total body length. Scape, 40.3 ± 5.2 (30.9–47.6) µm long, with 6–10 hs. Pedicel 64.4 ± 6.7 (51.2–71.4) µm long, with 6–11 fs, 7–12 hs. Lengths of segments III–X (µm): III, 75.2 ± 12.7 (52.4–95.2); IV, 54.7 ± 10.4 (42.8–73.8); V, 45.8 ± 8 (35.7–59.5); VI, 49.8 ± 9.8 (38.1–64.3); VII, 46.2 ± 8.2 (34.5–57.1); VIII, 44.7 ± 7.2 (32.1–54.7); IX, 44.5 ± 7.9 (30.9–54.7); X, 56.3 ± 6 (50–71.4). Approximate number of fleshy setae, hair-like setae, and bristleshaped setae (ab) on each segment III–X: III 8–12 fs, 8–17 hs; IV 6–13 fs, 7–11 hs; V 5–10 fs, 4–9 hs; VI 6–10 fs, 5–10 hs; VII 8–11 fs, 6–10 hs; VIII 1 ventral ab, 6–9 fs, 5–8 hs; IX 1 ventral ab, 8–9 fs, 6–7 hs; X 3 subapical ab, 1–5 fs, 4–5 hs, 2 subapical capitate setae; sensilla basiconica not detected. Prothorax. Pronotal ridge heavily sclerotized; pronotal sclerite represented by a subtriangular sclerotization dorsolaterally. Pronotum medially with 0 or 1 fs, 2 or 3 hs, 0–4 multilocular pores, and 1–3 discoidal pores on each side; post-tergite well developed with 3–6 fs and 1–3 hs. Pronotum laterally with 1–3 hs, 2–11 multilocular pores, and 2–4 discoidal pores. With 1–3 antero-spiracular dorsal hs, 0–2 antero-spiracular dorsal multilocular pores, and 2 or 3 discoidal pores; and with 1 or 2 antero-spiracular ventral hs, 1 or 2 antero-spiracular ventral multilocular pores, and 1–3 discoidal pores. Sternum triangular, with well-developed prosternal ridge; with 0 or 1 fs and 2–5 hs, 0–2 multilocular pores, and 0–2 discoidal pores on each side. Anteprosternal setae absent. Mesothorax. Prescutum oval, sclerotized, prescutal ridge well developed, prescutal suture distinct, with 0–3 prescutal hs on each side. Scutum sclerotized antero-laterally, with a longitudinal median narrow membranous area, with about 4–8 scutal hs on each side; prealar ridge and triangular plate well developed. Scutellum with 2–4 scutellar hs on each side; anterior and posterior pronotal wing processes well separated. Basisternum bounded anteriorly by a marginal ridge, posteriorly by strong precoxal ridges, median ridge absent, with 4–12 basisternal hs on each side, mainly along anterior and medial area; 6–12 prescutal fs, 3 or 4 prescutal hs on each side; lateropleurite narrow, mesepisternum and mesepimeron distinct; furca well developed, arms divergent and extending about halfway to marginal ridge anteriorly. Mesepisternum sclerotized, subepisternal ridge long and well developed. Postalare without setae. On each side posterior to mesospiracle 4–7 postmesospiracular fs, 1–3 postmesospiracular hs, 1–3 multilocular pores, and 1 or 2 discoidal pores. Tegula present, with 3 or 4 tegular hs. Metathorax. Metapostnotal sclerite and metapleural ridge well developed; with 5–8 metatergal hs on each side; precoxal ridge well developed and metasternal apophyses distinct. Metepisternum and metepimeron weakly sclerotized. 1 metapleural fs, 0–2 hs, and 2 or 3 multilocular pores posterior to each metathoracic spiracle. Metasternum membranous, on each side 1 or 2 anterior metasternal fs and 2 or 3 hs, 2 or 3 anterior multilocular pores, and 1 or 2 anterior discoidal pores. Wings. Hyaline, in macropterous male 1,101.6 mµ long and 541 mµ wide, in brachypterous males 88.1–309.4 mµ long and 50–130.9 mµ wide. Ratio of length to width 1: 0.5 ± 0.1 (1: 0.42–1: 0.64); ratio of total body length to wing length 1: 0.2 (1: 0.08–1: 0.86); alar lobe well developed and each wing with 2 or 3 alar setae in both macropterous and brachypterous males; 1 or – 2 circular sensoria in macropterous male, absent in brachypterous males. Hamulohalteres fully developed, 64.3 µm long with an apical hamulus in macropterous male; in brachypterous males entirely absent in those with wing buds less than 155 µm long, and represented by a membranous lobe 36.9–39.3 µm long with no apical hamulus in those with wing buds longer than 174 µm. Legs. Metathoracic legs longest; hind femur 197.4 ± 24.7 (161.8–229.7) µm; hind tibia 243.6 ± 35.6 (185.6–297.5) µm; hind tarsus 98.5 ± 26.5 (76.2–102.3) µm; hind tarsal claw 28.8 ± 1.8 (26.2–30.9) µm. Ratio of hind femur length to hind tibia length 1: 1.2 ± 0.1 (1: 1.15 – 1: 1.32); ratio of hind tibia length to hind tarsus length 1: 0.4 ± 0. 1 (1: 0.35–1: 0.57). Hair-like and fleshy setae present, numbering: coxa I 0–3 fs, 6–14 hs, II 2–6 fs, 7–12 hs, III 4–8 fs, 10–20 hs; trochanter I 0–2 fs, 1–3 hs, II 0 fs, 3 or 4 hs, III 0–2 fs, 3 or 4 hs; femur I 1–7 fs, 26–40 hs, II 2–16 fs, 29–38 hs, III 8–22 fs, 23–28 hs; tibia I 15–22 fs, 28–34 hs, II 12–38 fs, 25–44 hs, III 16–37 fs, 30–32 hs; tarsus I 0 or 1 fs, 17–25 hs, II 0–2 fs, 18–28 hs, III 0–3 fs, 16–27 hs. Each trochanter with 3 campaniform pores arranged in a triangle medially on each side. Tibiae with apical spurs: I 2–4, II 3–6, III 3–7. Tarsi 2 segmented, tarsal digitules capitate, claw digitules acute. Abdomen. SI–VII: Small slightly sclerotized abdominal tergites present sometimes medially on SVII (detected in 3 specimens). Sternites unsclerotized except for a small anterolateral area on each side of SVIII, and usually around base of setae of SVIII and sometimes also of SVII. Each segment with dorsal setae numbering: SI 0–2 fs, 5 or 6 hs; SII 0–4 fs, 5–7 hs; SIII 0–4 fs, 6–8 hs; IV 1–5 fs, 5–8 hs; SV 3–6 fs, 6–8 hs; SVI 2–6 fs, 5–7 hs; SVII 0–3 fs, 4–8 hs; pleural setae and pores on each side numbering: SI 4–5 hs + 3–10 multilocular pores + 4–5 discoidal pores; SII 3–5 hs + 1–5 multilocular pores + 3–5 discoidal pores; SIII 3–5 hs + 0–4 multilocular pores + 2–4 discoidal pores; SIV 4–5 hs + 0–3 multilocular pores + 1 or 2 discoidal pores; SV 4 or 5 hs + 1–5 multilocular pores + 2 or 3 discoidal pores; SVI 4 or 5 hs + 1–6 multilocular pores + 3–5 discoidal pores; SVII 5 or 6 hs + 1–8 multilocular pores + 3–5 discoidal pores. Ventral setae numbering: SII 0–4 fs, 2–13 hs; SIII 0–4 fs, 6–8 hs; SIV 1–5 fs, 5–8 hs; SV 3–6 fs, 6 or 7 hs; SVI 2–6 fs, 4–6 hs; SVII 0–3 fs, 4 or 5 hs. With a pair of indistinct ostioles laterally between segments SVI and VII. SVIII: tergite slightly sclerotized medioposteriorly with 4 or 5 hs, and with 6–8 anteanal setae; sternite with a small slightly sclerotized anterolateral area on each side of SVIII, without ventral setae; caudal extension rounded with 2 or 3 pleural setae, their bases usually surrounded by a small sclerotized area. Glandular pouches shallow, each with 7–28 multilocular pores spreading out around pouch, 1–3 discoidal pores, and 2 long glandular pouch setae, each 312.5 ± 11.6 (295.1–335.6) µm long, and 1 shorter seta, 55.9 ± 10.7 (47.6–71.4) µm long. Genital segments. Penial sheath subtriangular, 146.7 ± 10.2 (130.9–161.8) µm long, 83.4 ± 6.3 (72.6–90.4) µm wide across basal ridge, ratio of penial sheath length to width 1: 0.6 ± 0.03 (1: 0.54–1: 0.63). Anal opening not detected but probably present just posterior to tergite SIX on dorsal surface. Dorsally with 3 small setae near base of style on each side. Ventrally, style approximately parallel sided with truncate apex; basal ridge well developed and with a small anteromedial projection on each side; lateral processes of penial sheath indistinct; with 2–6 small setae on anterior portion of penial sheath and a row of 2–6 minute setal sensilla along medial side of penial sheath slit. Basal rod distinct, extending anteriorly to basal ridge. Aedeagus 104.2 ± 10.8 (88.1–121.4) µm long, approximately parallel sided, tapering apically to a blunt point, extending beyond end of penial sheath to 0.66–0.75 of style length. Diagnosis. Females of Pseudococcus variabilis differ from females of all other species of Pseudococcus known to feed on Agavaceae except for Pseudococcus floriger Ferris in Zimmerman and P. orchidicola Takahashi (Table 1), and from most other species of Pseudococcus known from the New World (Table 2), by the presence of a ventral OR posterior to each frontal cerarius. The following combination of characters allows separation of females of P. variabilis from these two species as well (Tables 1, 2): presence on each side of a dorsal OR between eye and anterior ostiole; ventral OC on thoracic submargin present at level of front coxa only; translucent pores on hind leg limited to tibia and femur; 15 or 16 pairs of cerarii, those on SII (C 7) well developed; ventral multilocular pores on abdomen present from SVIII to SIV or III; eye lacking a sclerotized rim; dorsal setae 30–48 µm long; hind tibia 240–309 µm long; anal lobe seta 132–180 µm long. Adult males of 11 species of Pseudococcus have been described: P. antricolens, P. calceolariae, P. comstocki, P. cryptus, P. floriger, P. longispinus, P. lycopodii, P. montanus, P. multiductus Beardsley, P. pipturicolus, and P. viburni (Beardsley 1960, 1962; Gilliomee 1961; Afifi 1968). With the exception of P. multiductus (which is Australasian), all the other species occur in the New World. The adult male of P. variabilis shares the penial sheath medial slit lacking distinct lateral processes only with those of P. ca l ce o l a r i a e, P. comstocki, P. c r yp t us, and P. viburni. It differs from these four species (character-states for other species in parenthesis) in having: (a) tip of aedeagus simple (forked in P. viburni), (b) dorsal and ventral abdominal setae subequal to or shorter than half the length of the segment they occupy (longer than half the length of the segment they occupy in P. calceolariae), (c) penial sheath 131–162 µm long, with sides narrowed abruptly at level of base of style (penial sheath 200 µm long, tapering gradually to tip of style in P. cryptus), and (d) basal ridge of penial sheath with a small anteromedial projection on each side, penial sheath ventrally with 2–6 small setae on anterior portion and a row of 2–6 minute setal sensilla along each side of medial slit (basal ridge of penial sheath lacking projections, penial sheath ventrally with about 12 small setae on medial portion and no row of minute setal sensilla along each side of medial slit in P. comstocki). Molecular data. The DNA sequences of Pseudococcus variabilis are available at GenBank under the following accession numbers and associated data: KU 234772, Pseudococcus variabilis von Ellenrieder & Watson, U.S.A., California, San Diego County, Encinitas, on Agave shawii, 2 xii 2012, D. Kellum leg., CSCA- FTC code 11 H 102; KU 234773, P. variabilis von Ellenrieder & Watson, U.S.A., California, San Diego County, Oceanside, on Agave vilmoriniana, 2 xi 2011, G. Terhall leg., CSCA- FTC code 11 H 103; KU 234774, same data but CSCA-FTC code 11 H 106; KU 234772, same data but on variegated Agave, CSCA- FTC code 11 H 110; KU 234776, P. variabilis von Ellenrieder & Watson, Mexico, Jalisco, El Arenal, Llano Grande, 29 xi 2014, H. González Hernández leg., CSCA-FTC code 15 T 336; KU 234777, same data but CSCA- FTC code 15 T 337. The COI sequences of the specimens of P. variabilis from Encinitas and Oceanside in California differ by one base pair (out of about 600 base pairs), and they differ from the sequences of the specimens from Mexico by eight (about 1.3 %) and nine (about 1.5 %) base pairs. Pseudococcus variabilis differs from the other Pseudococcus species sequenced so-far for a comparable sequence of the COI (based on Park et al. 2011 sequences in GenBank and CSCA database) by 10–11 % (P. pseudobscurus), 11.8–12.3 % (P. maritimus, P. viburni), 13 % (P. comstocki), 12.9–13.2 % (P. longispin
Argia schneideri Garrison & von Ellenrieder, n. sp.
No full textArgia schneideri Garrison & von Ellenrieder, n. sp. Figs. 25 (head, thorax, S1– 4 ♂); 50 (head, thorax, S1– 3 ♀); 74 (S7– 10 ♂), 99 (S7– 10 ♀); 120 (mesostigmal plates ♀); 139 (genital ligula); 159 (appendages ♂); 169 (map); Table 4 (measurements). Etymology. Named schneideri (Latinized name) in honor of our friend and colleague Wolfgang Schneider, in recognition of his valuable contributions to the study of Odonata and his active part in establishing the International Dragonfly Fund, including personal donations, which have helped further our knowledge of Odonata worldwide. Specimens examined. 35 ♂, 5 ♀. Types. Holotype ♂: ECUADOR, Napo Prov., Las Palmas, on Río Anzu in Río Napo watershed, 11 xii 1936, W. Clark-Macintyre leg. [UMMZ]. Paratypes: ECUADOR, Napo Prov.: 3 ♂, upper E branch of Ishpinga-yacu {0°59' S, 77°50' W, 500 m}, 18 ix 1942, W. Clarke-McIntyre leg. [UMMZ]; 1 ♂, 1 ♀, Cushillu-Yacu, Río Napo watershed, El Partidero {1°1' S, 77°50' W, 700 m}, 27 vii 1935, W. Clarke- Macintyre leg. [CSCA]; 2 ♂, 1 ♀, Las Palmas, on Río Anzu in Río Napo watershed {1°4' S, 77°48' W, 900 m}, 11 xii 1936, W. Clark-Macintyre leg. [UMMZ]; 1 ♂, Headwaters of Río Arajuno, Napo watershed, stream # 3 {1°5' S, 77°32' W, 1,000 m}, 27 iv 1941, W. Clarke-Macintyre leg. [UMMZ]; 4 ♂, 1 ♀, same data but stream # 4, 26 iv 1941 [UMMZ]; 1 ♂, 1 ♀, Napo {1°12' S, 77°50' W, 700 m}, Staundinger vendor [UMMZ]; 4 ♂, same data but v 1940 [UMMZ]; 1 ♂, same data but 24 xii 1935, W. Clark-Macintyre leg. [RWG]; 1 ♂, same data but [CSCA]; 1 ♂, Concepción-Río Napo {1°40' S, 77°25' W, 400 m}, xii 1939, W. Clarke-MacIntyre leg. [UMMZ]; 3 ♂, same data but 28–29 xii 1939 [UMMZ]; 1 ♂, same data but Río Pacai-Yacu, 29 xii 1939, W. Clarke-MacIntyre leg. [UMMZ]; Pastaza Prov.: 1 ♂, El Partidero, indian village on E bank of Río Anzu, junction of trails from Mera and Puyo northward to Napo {1°22' S, 78°0' W, 1,000 m}, 29 ix 1935, W. Clarke-Macintyre leg. [UMMZ]; 1 ♂, same data but 12 xi 1935 [UMMZ]; 1 ♂, same data but 27 vii 1935, W. Clarke-Macintyre leg. [CSCA]; 2 ♂, same data but [UMMZ]; 1 ♂, same data but 27 v 1935 [RWG]; 1 ♂, Río Pastaza watershed {1°38' S, 77°50' W, 900 m}, 28 xi 1936, W. Clarke-MacIntyre leg. [UMMZ]; Tungurahua Prov.: 1 ♂, Guamo Yacu (Agoyan), Río Pastaza watershed {1°24' S, 78°22' W, 1,700 m}, 9 xi 1935, W. Clarke-Macintyre leg. [UMMZ]; 1 ♂, 1 ♀, same data but [RWG]; Morona Santiago Prov.: 1 ♂, Mangosisa, Río Upano {2°31' S, 77°53' W, 708 m}, L. Gomez vendor [UMMZ]. A medium-sized largely dark species with strongly forcipate male appendages (Fig. 159). Description of male holotype. Head: labrum pale rimmed with narrow line of black apically and basally, anteclypeus dark brown, base of mandibles, genae, postclypeus pale (purple), remainder of head black except for postocular spots and small pale spot anterolateral to lateral ocellus (as in Fig. 25); antennae black, rear of head black except for pale narrow margin bordering eye margin. Prothorax black with following areas pale: obscure pale rim on anterior lobe, small dorsolateral spot on middle lobe, lateral 0.30 of posterior margin of propleuron. Pale areas of pterothorax purple, with broad black middorsal stripe about four times as wide as pale antehumeral stripe, the latter slightly narrowing dorsally; broad parallel black humeral stripe extending from base of mesinfraepisternum and connecting below antealar crest with middorsal stripe above and with dorsal portion of obsolete interpleural suture; metapleural stripe narrow; pale colors on side of thorax purple (as in Fig. 25). Wings hyaline with venation black; pterostigma dark brown, surmounting 1.5 cells in right Fw, 2 cells in left Fw; postnodals Fw; 2 cells in left Hw, 1.5 cells in right Hw; postnodals Fw 17/18, Hw 16/15; postquadrangular cells Fw 4/4, Hw 4/3; RP2 at Fw 8.5/8.5, Hw 7/7. Coxae and trochanters pale except for black on ventral and anterior portions of coxae and dorsum of trochanters; femora, tibiae, tarsi and armature black. Abdomen (as in Figs. 25, 74) mostly black; S1 with a black basal ring, remainder purple; S2 black with a pale (purple) dorsal campanulate spot occupying basal 0.80 of segment, abruptly narrowing to a thin line almost extending to black apical annulus, laterally black with a pale lateral stripe; S3 black except for narrow basal dorsal inverted triangular spot at basal 0.10; S4–5 similar to S3 but with only a small obscure pale dorsal spot at basal 0.05; S5–7 black; S8 with a dorsolateral pale (purple) spot interrupted basally by a narrow ring of black and posteriorly by black lateral stripe extending dorsally at apical 0.10; S9 pale dorsally, black laterally; S10 black with a pair of purple spots dorsally interrupted by narrow middorsal black stripe; torus pale, appendages black. Genital ligula (Fig. 139) with a large elongate microspinulate patch on ental surface proximal to flexure on sclerotized area (Fig. 139 d); distal segment lacking lateral sclerotized lobes and terminating in a single long curved flagellum. Torus small, transversely oval, swollen, occupying entire ventral margin of torifer but not overlapping bilobed epiproct (Fig. 159 a, c); area around epiproct and base of same black; cercus (Fig. 159 a, c) long, about twice as long as paraproct (Fig. 159 b), forcipate and ending in a capitate tooth; paraproct bilobed, its ventral branch much smaller than larger dorsal branch, in lateral view, dorsal branch bluntly triangular. Dimensions. Hw 21.5, abdomen 28.4, total length 36.7. Description of female paratype (Ecuador: Napo Prov., Cushillu-Yacu, Río Napo watershed, El Partidero). Head, pro- and pterothorax and S1–2 as in male (Fig. 50), but postocular spots and antehumeral stripe dull purple and pale colors on side of thorax olive brown; S1 as in male; S2 black dorsally with a narrow ventral pale stripe; S3–7 black with vestiges of narrow pale lateral stripe; S8 black with blue distal spot occupying apical 0.40; S9 black with posterior 0.50 blue extending laterally and projecting anteriorly to basal 0.30; S10 blue dorsally, black ventrally, cerci and ovipositor black (Fig. 97). Mesostigmal lobe as in Fig. 120, well developed but small, forming a flat medially directed digit-like lobe elevated above mesepisternum and not overlying branch of middorsal carina; in posterior view (as in Fig. 120 e) lobe thickened externally but lacking a tubercle at juncture with mesepisternum; mesepisternal tubercle absent. Variation in paratypes. Little variation was observed in the paratype series. The dorsolateral spot on S 10 in male can range from present as in holotype to very small (El Partidero) or absent (Río Napo watershed). Pterostigma surmounting 1–2 cells in males, 1.5–2 in females; postnodals: Fw 16–18 in males, 16–17 in females, Hw 14–16 in males, 14–15 in females; postquadrangular cells Fw 3–5, Hw 3–4 in males, Fw 4–5, Hw 3–4 in females; RP2 at Fw 7–9, Hw 6–7 in males, Fw 7–8, Hw 6–7 in females. Dimensions. ♂: Hw 20.9 ± 1.09 [19–22.3], abdomen 27.3 ± 1.22 [25.7–29.3], total length 35.2 ± 1.51 [33.3–37.8]; ♀: Hw 22.1 ± 1.45 [20.2–23.7], abdomen 27.2 ± 1.84 [25.3–29.4], total length 35.2 ± 2.08 [33.1–37.7]. Diagnosis. This species is superficially similar to A. carolus and is diagnosed under that species. Within its range (Ecuador), it is unlikely to be confused with any other species. Habitat. Streams and rivers in forest. Specimens were taken at elevations ranging from about 400 m (Concepción-Río Napo) to 1,700 m (Guamo Yacu). Flight dates range from April (Headwaters of Río Arajuno) through December (Las Palmas, on Río Anzu). Distribution. As far as known restricted to Ecuador east of the Andes (Fig. 169).Published as part of Garrison, Rosser W. & Ellenrieder, Natalia Von, 2017, New species of the damselfly genus Argia from Mexico, Central America and Ecuador with an emphasis on Costa Rica (Insecta: Odonata: Coenagrionidae), pp. 1-93 in Zootaxa 4235 (1) on pages 25-27, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.32206
Endoskopische Submukosadissektion mit einem zusätzlichen Arbeitskanal (ESD plus) als neue Methode zur Verbesserung der traditionelle ESD im Ex-vivo-Model
No full text- …
