3,317 research outputs found
W. F. Mitchell
No full textEarlier this year, an article was published in the News Bulletin
(February 2012) on the background of Captain Boyns Hedley
Hocking, a dentist who became one of the first casualties in the
bombing of Darwin in 1942. The author, W F Mitchell, has kindly
provided a summary of the 70th anniversary activities held in
Darwin in February 2012 to commemorate this significant event in
the Northern Territory?s historyDate:2012-09News Bulletin no. 413, p. 36 - 37
Depression in general practice : underrecognition? Overtreatment? Adequate care!
No full textDit proefschrift geeft een optimistisch beeld van de huidige zorg voor depressieve patiënten in de huisartsenpraktijk i.v.m. eerdere literatuur en mediaberichten. We concluderen dat, de zorg voor depressieve patiënten in de eerste lijn in het algemeen adequaat is, d.w.z. in overeenstemming met aanbevelingen uit geldende richtlijnen.
Ruim twee-derde van de depressieve patiënten werd door de huisarts herkend. Patiënten die psychische problemen met de huisarts bespraken, met meer depressieve symptomen en met tevens een angststoornis werden beter herkend. Het atypische symptoom toegenomen eetlust leidde tot slechtere herkenning.
58% van de depressieve patiënten werd verwezen voor psychologische of psychiatrische zorg. Huisartsen hielden de aanbevelingen voor verwijzing uit de richtlijn hierbij in het oog, patiënten met voorkeur voor psychotherapie, met chronische depressie of suïcidale neigingen werden vaker verwezen.
Ook behandeling met antidepressiva schrijven huisartsen volgens de richtlijn voor. Slechts bij 5,4% van de antidepressiva-gebruikers was sprake van overbehandeling. Bovendien was meer dan de helft van deze overbehandelde patiënten met een goede reden gestart, maar te lang doorbehandeld.
Uit een literatuur-review concludeerden wij dat aanbevelingen voor antidepressiva-gebruik gebaseerd zijn op voldoende bewijs v.w.b. acute behandeling en preventie van terugval gedurende enkele maanden, maar niet voor langdurige onderhoudsbehandeling.
Aanbevelingen voor onderhoudsbehandeling worden ook minder goed gevolgd. Het zijn niet, zoals de richtlijn voorschrijft, patiënten met een chronische of recidiverende depressie die onderhoudsbehandeling krijgen. Wel lijken het patiënten met een slechtere prognose: patiënten met tevens een angststoornis of dysthyme stoornis (langdurige ‘milde’ depressie), patiënten die naast antidepressiva ook kalmerende middelen gebruikten en met recente psychiatrische contacten.
Overall this thesis gives an optimistic picture of current care for depressed patients in primary care compared to previous literature and media reports. We conclude that, in general, the care for depressed patients in primary care is in most cases adequate, i.e. in accordance with ruling guideline recommendations.
The general practitioner recognized over two-thirds of depressed patients. Patients discussing psychological problems with the general practitioner, those with more depressive symptoms and with a concurrent anxiety disorder were better recognized. The atypical symptom increased appetite led to worse recognition.
58% of depressed patients were referred for psychological or psychiatric care. General practitioners took guideline recommendations into account in referring; patients with preference for psychotherapy, chronic depression or suicidal tendency were referred more often.
Treatment with antidepressants was also prescribed according to guideline recommendations. In only 5.4% of antidepressant users it could be called overtreatment. Furthermore, over half of these overtreated patients started with a good reason, but were treated too long according to guideline recommendations.
From review of the literature we conclude that guideline recommendations for antidepressant treatment are thoroughly evidence-based for acute treatment and relapse prevention during several months, but not for maintenance treatment.
Recommendations for maintenance treatment are also less often followed. Maintenance users are not, as the guideline prescribes, patients with chronic or recurrent depression. It does however seem that maintenance antidepressant users are those with a worse prognosis such as patients with comorbid dysthymia or anxiety and patients also receiving sedatives or patients with recent psychiatric contacts.
An Alternative Reading of Feminist Criticism on S. Weir Mitchell
No full textThis dissertation represents a renewed look at nineteenth-century physician and author, S. Weir Mitchell. This includes a discussion of how his “rest cure” fits into the medical and cultural trends of his era as well as revisiting the academic responses to both him and his cure. Those in the academy who write on Mitchell today are primarily feminist critics who approach him through the study of women writers who were his patients, such as Virginia Woolf and Charlotte Perkins Gilman, among others. The dominant pathway here is through Gilman’s short story, “The Yellow Wallpaper” as well as other documents produced by Gilman herself. This fact has created a body of criticism touching Mitchell that is unfortunately misrepresentative of his true nature, motives, and ideologies, especially regarding women. Part of the problem is the monolithic nature of the criticism itself, which tends to reject, even undermine, dissenting voices.
Chapter one, S. Weir Mitchell, A Physician of the Moment for the Disease of a Moment, traces the history of nervousness, nervous exhaustion, and neurasthenia to provide a cultural background of these “diseases” as well as a backstory for the discussion of such elements within subsequent chapters. This chapter also provides a brief origin story of Mitchell’s rest cure.
Chapter two, Misunderstandings of S. Weir Mitchell’s Rest Cure, addresses Mitchell’s unfortunate legacy within the academy, especially with the birth of the feminist movement and the critical “re-discovery” of Gilman’s story, “The Yellow Wallpaper,” in the 1970’s and 80’s.
Chapter three, Misunderstandings of S. Weir Mitchell’s Rest Cure, Continued, extends the analysis of feminist criticism on Mitchell to the 1990s and beyond. The tone of this criticism is slightly more equitable toward Mitchell, yet a negative bias remains evident, even within the work of the most fastidious of feminist scholars.
Chapter four, The Unapotheosis of Charlotte Perkins Gilman, discusses some of the editorial errors made within the early academic editions of Gilman’s “The Yellow Wallpaper” that were uncovered by Julie Bates Dock in the 1990s. This chapter also revisits Gilman’s account of her interaction with Mitchell, accomplished primarily through reconsiderations of her autobiography and initial letter to Mitchell.
Chapter five, Baking Lies and Leaving Breadcrumbs, addresses Gilman’s relationships with others, including Mitchell, Ambrose Bierce, William Randolph Hearst, and W.D. Howells. This chapter traces Gilman’s “breadcrumbs”—documents painting herself as a victim within such relationships—which critics often use to construct narratives of further victimhood.
Chapter six, Cervetti’s Spurious Scholarship, offers a comparison between Nancy Cervetti’s biography, S. Weir Mitchell, 1829-1914: Philadelphia’s Literary Physician (2012) and Mitchell’s unpublished autobiography. As an English Professor, Cervetti’s work is a testament to the fact that the “contagion” of negativity toward Mitchell in the academy is yet ongoing
Positive emotional style and subjective, cardiovascular and cortisol responses to acute laboratory stress
No full textThe relationships between positive emotional style and acute salivary cortisol and cardiovascular responses to laboratory stress tasks were examined in 40 young women (mean age = 28.8 years). Positive emotional style (PES) was measured by aggregating daily positive mood rating scales over one week. Negative affect was assessed with the short form Profile of Mood States. Salivary cortisol was measured in response to two behavioural tasks, a 5 min speech task and a 5 min mirror tracing task. Blood pressure (BP) and heart rate responses were monitored using a Finometer during baseline, tasks and recovery. Higher PES was associated with more complete diastolic BP recovery ( p = 0.027) and lower acute cortisol response to stress ( p = 0.018), after adjusting for baseline measures, age, BMI and negative affect. Individuals with higher PES reported lower subjective tension during the tasks and perceived the tasks as more controllable. There were no differences in ratings of task involvement or in objective measures of task performance. A retrospective measure of positive affect (POMS vigour) was associated with diastolic BP recovery but not cortisol responses or subjective tension. The findings suggest that positive affective traits, assessed using repeated assessments of daily mood, are related to adaptive recovery from acute psychological stress. Our results reinforce evidence linking positive affect with adaptive diastolic BP recovery, while extending the results to cortisol. Investigations into the biological correlates of affective traits should consider utilising repeated measures of experienced affect
Publicpension governance and performance : lessons for developing countries
No full textThe author examines the relationship between public sector pension plan performance and management practices to improve the design and governance of public pensions in developing countries. Understanding this relationship is important because better yields on public pension plan investment reduce the need for additional taxes to support retirees - and well-funded plans stand a better chance of paying promised benefits. The author's model relates investment returns on public pension assets, as well as plan funding status, to features characterizing the pension systems'governance structure and authority, using new data set on U.S. state and local public sector plans. The following findings stand out. The higher the fraction of retirees elected to the pension board, the stronger the negative effect on investment return in 1990, and the more variable the returns. Systems fared about the same whether they had in-house or external money managers, or independent performance analysis (even if the external managers were drawn from the top 10). But public pensions performed better when fund and actuarial computations were done by professional actuarial and investment counselors rather than relying on former or current employees to choose investment strategies. Social investment rules hurt public pension yields. Public pension plans which mandated that a certain portion of investments be director to instate projects generated much lower returns. The data show that many public pension systems funded their plans satisfactorily but others did not. The results show the following. Fiscal stress reduced stock funding ratios. Stock funding rates were lower, the higher the fraction of elected retirees and elected active workers represented on the pension system board. Stock funding ratios were higher when a system had in-house actuaries, when the board authorized benefit levels, and when board members had liability insurance. Stock funding rates were unaltered by state statutes guaranteering that benefits be guaranteed by law, or by legally set funding requirements, or by the state's ability to carry budget deficits from one year to the next. Nor did they vary when dedicated or special taxes were earmarked for pension revenue. Policymakers in developing countries can profit from the mistakes made and lessons learned by U.S. pension analysis. Although no single package of pension plan practices can optimize investment performance for all systems across all time periods, care must be taken when designing the regulatory and investment environment in which these plans operate. Developing countries should study the work of the U.S. Government Accounting Standards Board. The author discusses some of the complex issues that must be confronted when establishing funding norms for defined benefit pension plans in the public sector.ICT Policy and Strategies,Financial Intermediation,Economic Theory&Research,Pensions&Retirement Systems,Economic Stabilization
Scalar soliton quantization with generic moduli
No full textThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons
Attribution License (CC-BY 4.0), which permits any use, distribution and reproduction in
any medium, provided the original author(s) and source are credArticle funded by SCOAP3. CP is
a Royal Society Research Fellow and partly supported by the U.S. Department of Energy
under grants DOE-SC0010008, DOE-ARRA-SC0003883 and DOE-DE-SC0007897. ABR
is supported by the Mitchell Family Foundation. We would like to thank the Mitchell
Institute at Texas A&M and the NHETC at Rutgers University respectively for hospitality
during the course of this work. We would also like to acknowledge the Aspen Center
for Physics and NSF grant 1066293 for a stimulating research environment which led to
questions addressed in this paper
VISUAL CULTURE STUDIES AND THE PICTORIAL TURN ISSUE IN W.J.T. MITCHELL?S WORKS
No full textНастоящая статья посвящена рассмотрению постановки проблемы пикториального поворота в работах У.Дж.Т. Митчелла, являю-
щегося одним из основоположников современных визуальных исследова-
ний. Целью статьи является прояснение методологических и теоретиче-
ских возможностей использования предложенного Митчеллом концепта
пикториального поворота и прояснение смыслов, вкладываемых в дан-
ное понятие его автором. Основным выводом, сделанным на основании
предпринятого рассмотрения, является предположение парадигмального
значения исследований визуальной культуры для развития философской
мысли второй половины XX в.This report considers the pictorial turn issue in W.J.T. Mitchell?s works. W.J.T. Mitchell is one of the most influential researchers in contemporary visual studies. The report aims to clarify the methodological and theoretical perspectives for using the term "pictorial turn" proposed by Mitchell, and explicate the meanings putting in this concept by its author. The main conclusion drawn on the basis of undertaken review is the assumption of paradigmatic significance of visual culture studies for the development of philosophical thought in the second half of the XXth century.280-28
VISUAL CULTURE STUDIES AND THE PICTORIAL TURN ISSUE IN W.J.T. MITCHELL?S WORKS
No full text280-285Настоящая статья посвящена рассмотрению постановки проблемы пикториального поворота в работах У.Дж.Т. Митчелла, являю-
щегося одним из основоположников современных визуальных исследова-
ний. Целью статьи является прояснение методологических и теоретиче-
ских возможностей использования предложенного Митчеллом концепта
пикториального поворота и прояснение смыслов, вкладываемых в дан-
ное понятие его автором. Основным выводом, сделанным на основании
предпринятого рассмотрения, является предположение парадигмального
значения исследований визуальной культуры для развития философской
мысли второй половины XX в.This report considers the pictorial turn issue in W.J.T. Mitchell?s works. W.J.T. Mitchell is one of the most influential researchers in contemporary visual studies. The report aims to clarify the methodological and theoretical perspectives for using the term "pictorial turn" proposed by Mitchell, and explicate the meanings putting in this concept by its author. The main conclusion drawn on the basis of undertaken review is the assumption of paradigmatic significance of visual culture studies for the development of philosophical thought in the second half of the XXth century
Illinois in 1837 : a sketch descriptive of the situation, boundaries, face of the country, prominent districts, prairies, rivers, minerals, animals, agricultural productions, public lands, plans of internal improvement, manufactures, &c. of the State of Illinois : also, suggestions to emigrants, sketches of the counties, cities, and principal towns in the state : together with a letter on the cultivation of the prairies /
No full textAnother edition with same title page, published with cover title: Illinois in 1837 & 8 ... Philadelphia, 1838.Front. wanting."The publisher is probably the author. It was got up mainly to promote the sale of Illinois lands then owned by John Grigg of Philadelphia."--Sabin, Bibl. amer., v. 9, no. 34260.Microform.Microform.Mode of access: Internet
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