826 research outputs found
sj-tiff-1-jhc-10.1369_00221554231161693 – Supplemental material for Multiplex Immunofluorescence Image Quality Checking Using DAPI Channel–referenced Evaluation
No full textSupplemental material, sj-tiff-1-jhc-10.1369_00221554231161693 for Multiplex Immunofluorescence Image Quality Checking Using DAPI Channel–referenced Evaluation by Jun Jiang, Raymond Moore, Clarissa E. Jordan, Ruifeng Guo, Rachel L. Maus, Hongfang Liu, Ellen Goode, Svetomir N. Markovic and Chen Wang in Journal of Histochemistry & Cytochemistry</p
sj-tiff-2-jhc-10.1369_00221554231161693 – Supplemental material for Multiplex Immunofluorescence Image Quality Checking Using DAPI Channel–referenced Evaluation
No full textSupplemental material, sj-tiff-2-jhc-10.1369_00221554231161693 for Multiplex Immunofluorescence Image Quality Checking Using DAPI Channel–referenced Evaluation by Jun Jiang, Raymond Moore, Clarissa E. Jordan, Ruifeng Guo, Rachel L. Maus, Hongfang Liu, Ellen Goode, Svetomir N. Markovic and Chen Wang in Journal of Histochemistry & Cytochemistry</p
Research Identities: Reflections of a Contract Researcher
No full textThis paper examines the institutional identity formation of contract research staff in the context of the Taylorisation of research knowledges. The author has been a contract researcher for many years, after initially training and practising as a Probation Officer. She makes links between her social work training, and her current practice as a qualitative researcher. Drawing on her experience of working on a variety of different projects, at a number of different institutions, and providing illustrative examples from projects in sociology, social policy, health, and education, she reflects on the implications of the current social organization of academic research both for professional research practice and for researcher identity. There is a paradox in the way that contract research staff accrue a wealth of experience of how research is organised and conducted in different contexts, a repertoire of skills, and a vast volume of various kinds of \'data\', whilst remaining vulnerable and marginalized figures within the academy, with few opportunities for professional development and advancement. She outlines a number of strategies she has employed in the preservation of the \'research self\', and concludes by suggesting that the academy has much to learn about the effective management of \'waste\', as embodied by researchers\' selves and their data, consequent upon the Taylorisation of research work.Taylorisation; Academic Work; Identities; Qualitative Research; In-Depth Interviews; Reflective Practice
A descriptive study of the direct relationship between service provided by homeless shelters and client compliance with programs, 1995
No full textThe purpose of this study was to examine the direct relationship between services provided by homeless shelters and client compliance with programs. The sample for this study consisted of 85 respondents who receive services for the Atlanta Children's Shelter. A questionnaire was self administered in a one shot episode. The results of the questionnaire were analyzed by frequency distribution, means, and standard deviations. Role theory was explored in an effort to understand client compliance towards programs within homeless shelters. The major findings in this study concluded that there is a strong relationship between client compliance with programs and whether they receive needed services
Abstract 2420: Integrative analyses of gene expression, DNA methylation, genotype and copy number alterations characterize X-chromosome inactivation in ovarian cancer
No full textAbstract
Introduction: In females, X-chromosome inactivation (XCI) epigenetically silences transcription of one copy of the X chromosome. Which chromosome is silenced is randomly selected, and is tissue- and cell-specific. While some genes are known to escape XCI under normal conditions, aberrant XCI patterns are thought to occur in female-specific cancers, although the role of XCI in ovarian tumorigenesis and progression is largely unknown. The process of XCI is complex, and integration of gene expression, DNA methylation, and copy number data can inform the XCI status of individual genes and chromosome-wide XCI patterns for individual patients.
Methods: We evaluated gene- and chromosome-level patterns of XCI by integrating RNA sequence, copy number alteration, genotype, and DNA methylation data to study XCI escape patterns in tumor samples from 99 ovarian cancer patients. We measured allele-specific expression (ASE) for 397 X-linked genes to identify the active alleles for each tumor. Combining ASE data with knowledge of copy number status, we used a Bayesian beta-binomial mixture model to estimate which genes escaped XCI for each patient, and validated our findings using DNA methylation data. To assess global XCI patterns, we performed cluster analyses on the ASE and methylation data, after adjusting for loss of heterozygosity. We examined the relationship between the clusters and clinical factors, including overall survival and time to recurrence.
Results: DNA promoter methylation demonstrated inverse regional correlations with ASE. Cluster analyses using ASE and methylation data demonstrated evidence of two tumor clusters, representing normal XCI and global XCI dysregulation. The dysregulated XCI cluster (N=52) was associated with lower X-inactive specific transcript expression as expected (p&lt;0.01). Patients with XCI dysregulated tumors were higher grade, stage, serous histology and were sub-optimally debulked (p&lt;0.05). These patients also had shorter overall survival time (HR=1.87, p=0.02) and time to recurrence (HR=2.34, p&lt;0.01), although associations were attenuated after covariate adjustment. In 45 tumor samples with sufficient data, we observed escape patterns largely consistent with previous reports of multiple tissue types. When comparing tumor to normal ovarian tissue, eight genes (CXorf23, CXorf36, BRWD3, ELF4, SLITRK4, GABRE, CLCN4, SH3BGRL) showed putative escape in the tumor and two genes (RBBP7, OFD1) showed discrepant tumor inactivation.
Conclusions: We identified discrepant gene-level XCI tumor classifications compared to normal tissue and identified a group of patients with chromosome-wide XCI dysregulation associated with worse clinical prognosis. This provides evidence of the role of XCI in ovarian cancer and highlights the need to integrate multiple genomic data types to study XCI.
Citation Format: Stacey J. Winham, Nicholas B. Larson, Sebastian M. Armasu, Zachary C. Fogarty, Melissa C. Larson, Kimberly R. Kalli, Kate Lawrenson, Simon Gayther, Brooke L. Fridley, Ellen L. Goode. Integrative analyses of gene expression, DNA methylation, genotype and copy number alterations characterize X-chromosome inactivation in ovarian cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2017; 2017 Apr 1-5; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2017;77(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 2420. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2017-2420</jats:p
When does rent-seeking augment the benefits of price and trade reform on rationed commodities? : estimates for automobiles and color televisions in Poland
No full textTo assess the impact of price and trade reform on the Polish market for autos and color televisions, the author has developed a differentiated product model in which consumers maximize utility and firms maximize profits subject to rationing constraints and price controls. This paper focuses on that model. First it discusses the institutional details of the auto and color TV markets in Poland. It then lays out the stylized facts that are incorporated in the model, and discusses the methods of allocating autos and color TVs in the context of the rent-seeking and rent dissipation literature. The final section summarizes the results which find that, all things being equal, the elimination of price controls for both autos and televisions had the effect of decreasing imports, as more domestic autos were produced and sold. The implication is that -- contrary to the Polish government's intention -- price controls were a trade distortion that increased imports: that is, they implicitly subsidized imports. The author also shows that import liberalization produces greater benefits when there are domestic price controls with rent dissipation, because import liberalization reduces the rent. The appendices include a description of the model, a discussion of the data sources, and a review of the literature on rent-seeking activities as it relates to rent dissipation under price controls.Economic Theory&Research,Markets and Market Access,Access to Markets,Environmental Economics&Policies,Fiscal&Monetary Policy
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