1,721,060 research outputs found
Relancer l’État atomique. Industrie, territoire et société en conflit autour du programme nucléaire italien (1975-1985)
No full textThis chapter examines the conflicts that accompanied the building of the Trino 2 nuclear power plant in the Piedmont region between the mid-1970s and the mid-1980s. It focuses in particular on the relationship between the Italian government, the public utility company ENEL (Ente nazionale per l’energia elettrica) in charge of building the plant, the region, the municipalities involved in the project, and the local population, organized around different associations and interest groups. The chapter focuses in particular on the forms of opposition carried out by farmers in an area devoted to rice and wine growing. During the 1970s, rice and wine growers emerged as a particularly important social and economic category, capable of influencing political decisions at a local and regional level. They promoted a vision of the territory that revolved around a high-quality agricultural production intended for export, especially in the European market. For them, the expansion of nuclear policies represented a dangerous threat. By establishing alliances with political parties and social movements and organizing demonstrations, rice and wine growers were able to slow down the plan to build the Trino 2 nuclear power plant
Les territoires des transitions énergétiques. Nucléaire et énergies renouvelables en Italie et en France
No full textLa « transition énergétique » est aujourd’hui présentée dans le débat public sur le mode de l’évidence, comme si nos sociétés allaient connaître un même mouvement pour passer des mauvaises énergies fossiles aux bonnes énergies renouvelables. L’analyse sous le seul angle des politiques internationales ne suffit cependant pas à en saisir les conditions. Dans cet ouvrage, les auteurs proposent d’observer les réorientations énergétiques au présent comme au passé, « par le haut » comme « par le bas », telles qu’elles se négocient localement dans les territoires d’installation du nucléaire et des énergies renouvelables photovoltaïques et éoliennes. Les enquêtes socio-historiques menées dans différents contextes locaux en Italie et en France motivent la comparaison entre ces deux pays de la Méditerranée, contrastés en termes de mix énergétique et de dynamiques de choix : avec un nucléaire en déconstruction en Italie et toujours dominant dans la production électrique française ; avec des développements d’énergies renouvelables plus avancés en Italie qu’en France ; et avec des difficultés semblables pour se défaire du pétrole et du gaz. Dans les deux cas, les processus territoriaux de transition énergétique interrogent les choix des politiques publiques oscillant entre la décentralisation régionale et la tentation constante de recentralisation étatique
"A vision for the future". L'International Centre for Theoretical Physics tra bipolarismo e decolonizzazione
No full textIl saggio analizza il dibattito che accompagnò la creazione e i primi anni dell’International Center for Theoretical Physics (ICTP), fondato a Trieste nel 1964. Posto sotto l’egida della IAEA, l’ICTP fu il primo e per molti anni il più grande e importante centro di formazione e ricerca scienti ca creato da un’agenzia dell’Organizzazione delle Nazioni Unite (ONU). Sotto la direzione del fisico pakistano Abdus Salam, l’ICTP si occupò di istruire fisici provenienti dall’America Latina, dall’Asia e dall’Africa, in modo da permettere loro di utilizzare la scienza – in particolare la sica nucleare – per promuovere lo sviluppo economico, scienti co e culturale dei propri paesi e l’uso paci co dell’energia atomica. La ricerca si colloca nell’ambito di una storiografia che in anni recenti ha evidenziato l’influenza della scienza e della tecnologia sulle relazioni internazionali del secondo dopoguerra e sui rapporti tra blocco occidentale e blocco orientale, così come tra il Nord e il Sud del mondo. Sebbene esistano vari studi sulle forme di collaborazione transnazionale promosse dalla comunità di emigrés, sull’opposizione di molti fisici agli armamenti nucleari e sul ruolo degli scienziati nel mettere in discussione il bipolarismo, manca ancora una ricerca che ricostruisca i molteplici modi in cui l’affermarsi di una comunità scienti ca transnazionale, composta sempre più da soggetti provenienti dal Terzo Mondo, ridefinì le logiche della guerra fredda, in un decennio cruciale come quello degli anni Sessanta
Preface
No full textFlorita Botts worked for over twenty-five years for the Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO) of the United Nations. This book recounts her personal and professional journey through ten different projects she was involved in between the 1960s and the 1980s. Its aim, to describe – and partly denounce – the inner workings of one of the largest agencies devoted to international development in the world during the most intense phases of decolonization. For most of her successful career, Florita Botts was one of the few women in the field. She often operated in strenuous conditions, carrying loads of equipment across the most remote regions of the world. She used photography partly to document FAO’s projects, but mostly as an educational tool to help extension agents improve their teaching techniques. She strove to always find the best way to explain complex topics to untrained people and encourage their participation in the learning process. Florita Botts might well embody the category of the “concerned photographer,” a term used to describe those professionals whose work aims to educate and change the world, not just document it
Irresistible empire or innocents abroad? American advertising agencies in post-war Italy, 1950s-1970s
No full textThe Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to examine the presence and influence of US advertising in Italy between the early 1950s and the mid-1970s.
Design/methodology/approach
– The purpose of this paper is to examine the presence and influence of US advertising in Italy between the early 1950s and the mid-1970s.
Findings
– The paper argues that there is a need to further qualify and deconstruct the notion of “Americanization” by integrating the now well-established notions of “hybridization” and “mediation” with more specific attention to the competing “hearts and souls”, the different strategies and discursive practices that different individual actors (American, British and Italian) operating within the Italian advertising business tried to instil into goods and consumers and the economic and cultural results that they achieved.
Originality/value
– This is the first research on the history of Italian advertising that fully places it within a transnational and comparative perspective using so far unpublished records, aiming at moving beyond traditional, eastbound Americanization frameworks through a detailed empirical investigation
Journeys for a Witness: My Work as a Photographer for the United Nations, 1960s-1980s
No full textFlorita Botts worked for over twenty-five years for the Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO) of the United Nations. This book recounts her personal and professional journey through ten different projects she was involved in between the 1960s and the 1980s. Its aim, to describe – and partly denounce – the inner workings of one of the largest agencies devoted to international development in the world during the most intense phases of decolonization. For most of her successful career, Florita Botts was one of the few women in the field. She often operated in strenuous conditions, carrying loads of equipment across the most remote regions of the world. She used photography partly to document FAO’s projects, but mostly as an educational tool to help extension agents improve their teaching techniques. She strove to always find the best way to explain complex topics to untrained people and encourage their participation in the learning process. Florita Botts might well embody the category of the “concerned photographer,” a term used to describe those professionals whose work aims to educate and change the world, not just document it
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