2,654 research outputs found
Magnesium Sulfate in Pediatric Abdominal Cancer Surgery: Safety and Efficacy in Ultrasound-Guided Transversus Abdominis Plane (US-TAP) Block in Conjugation with Levobupivacaine
No full textFatma El Sherif,1 Doaa Gomaa Sayed,1 Khaled Mohamed Fares,1 Sahar Abdel-Baky Mohamed,1 Amira Mahmoud Osman,2 Ahmed Kamal Sayed,1 Shereen Mamdouh Kamal1 1Department of Anesthesia, ICU, and Pain Management, South Egypt Cancer Institute, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt; 2Department of Pediatric Oncology, South Egypt Cancer Institute, Assiut University, Assiut, EgyptCorrespondence: Ahmed Kamal Sayed, Department of anesthesia, ICU, and pain management, South Egypt Cancer Institute, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt, Tel +20 100677881, Fax +20 88 2348609, Email [email protected]: Magnesium sulfate (MgSO4) may enhance the effects of local anesthetics when used as an adjuvant in peripheral nerve blocks. Our objective was to evaluate efficiency and safety of utilizing MgSO4 alongside levobupivacaine in bilateral ultrasound-guided transversus abdominis plane (US-TAP) block for postoperative pain in pediatric cancer patients who underwent abdominal surgery.Methodology: A randomized double-blinded controlled trial at South Egypt Cancer Institute, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt, included that 40 pediatric patients with Wilms’ tumor or neuroblastoma were randomly allocated to get bilateral (US-TAP) block and divided into two groups; M group: received US-TAP with 0.6 mL/kg levobupivacaine 0.25% + 2 mg/kg MgSO4 and C group: received with 0.6 mL/kg levobupivacaine 0.25% only. FLACC scores (Face, Leg, Activity, Cry, Consolability) were used to evaluate post-operative pain, first analgesic request, total analgesic consumption, adverse effects, as well as hemodynamics were monitored for 24 h and recorded at time points (2, 4, 6, 8, 12, 18, and 24h). Parent’s satisfaction at discharge, also, was evaluated.Results: FLACC score in M group was significantly lower than in C group from 4 h to 24 h with the first analgesic request being longer (15.95 ± 1.99 vs 7.70 ± 0.80 (h); p < 0.001) and lower total analgesic consumption (231.75 ± 36.57 vs 576.00 ± 170.71 (mg); p < 0.001) when comparing M group to C group, respectively. Both groups had insignificant differences regarding hemodynamics, parent satisfaction, postoperative agitation, and side effects except vomiting occurred in two patients in the C group and one patient in the M group.Conclusion: We conclude that adding magnesium sulphate as an adjuvant to local anaesthetic in US-TAP block for pain management in pediatric abdominal cancer surgeries resulted in better and longer analgesia, with less consumption of rescue analgesics with no serious side effects.Keywords: abdominal cancer surgery, analgesia, levobupivacaine, magnesium sulfate, pediatrics, postoperative pain, US-TAP bloc
appendix1 – Supplemental material for Ergonomics and musculoskeletal symptoms in surgeons performing endoscopic procedures for benign prostatic hyperplasia
No full textSupplemental material, appendix1 for Ergonomics and musculoskeletal symptoms in surgeons performing endoscopic procedures for benign prostatic hyperplasia by Mohamed Omar, Mohamed F. Sultan, Eid El Sherif, Mohamed M. Abdallah and Manoj Monga in Therapeutic Advances in Urology</p
Hygroscapes: Innovative Shape Shifting Façades
No full textThis chapter focuses on the testing and design of shape shifting façade prototypes that are programmed to passively sense stimuli and respond in a controlled setting based on the hygroscopic properties of wood. Wood is introduced in this context as a low-tech smart material with a naturally soft responsive mechanism that offers a substitute for mechanical actuators. First, a set of physical experiments were conducted to deduce the design parameters that affect wood morphology, behavior and response time upon changes in humidity levels and moisture content, including dimensional ratio, grain orientation, material thickness, type of wood, and lamination. We then report on the process and outcome of a workshop held at the American University in Cairo, with the main challenge of regulating the morphology and hygroscopic behavior of wood to work as an actuator with specifically desired motion for adaptive building façade prototypes. Based on the observations and analysis of concepts and mechanisms, we discuss shape shifting grammars as a framework for devising adaptive façade prototypes from a generative design perspective, where specific combinations of motion parameters are used to induce semantic rules and customized commands for the overall behavior of shape shifting mechanisms
A Comparative Study on the Electrochemical Corrosion Behavior of Iron and X-65 Steel in 4.0 wt % Sodium Chloride Solution after Different Exposure Intervals
No full textIn this work, the results obtained from studying the anodic dissolution of pure iron and API X-65 5L pipeline steel after 40 min and 12 h exposure period in 4.0 wt % NaCl solutions at room temperature were reported. Potential-time, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, potentiodynamic polarization, and chronoamperometric current-time at constant potential techniques were employed. It has been found that the iron electrode corrodes in the chloride test solutions faster than the API X-65 5L steel does under the same conditions. Increasing the exposure period for the electrodes from 40 min to 12 h showed a significant reduction in the corrosion parameters for both iron and steel in the 4.0 wt % NaCl solution. Results together confirmed clearly that the X-65 steel is superior to iron against corrosion in sodium chloride solutions
The Electrophysiological Basis of Arrhythmogenicity of QT/T Alternants in the Long QT Syndrome
No full textTachycardia-dependent QT/T alternans (A) occurs in patients with the congenital or idiopathic form of long QT syndrome (LQTS) and may presage the onset of polymorphic ventricular tachyarrhythmias (VT). We studied the electrophysiological basis of arrhythmogenicity of QT/T A in the anthopleurin-A model of LQTS, a surrogate for LQT3. in 7 anesthetized mongrel puppies, tridimensional repolarization and activation patterns were analyzed from 256-384 unipolar electrograms. Cardiac repolarization was evaluated as activation-recovery interval (ARI) of local electrograms. To induce QT/T A, the pacing cycle length (CL) was abruptly shortened in steps of 50 msec from a basic drive of 1000 msec. ARIs were calculated at epicardial (Epi), midmyiocardial (Mid), and endocardial (End) sites. ARI restitution at each site was assessed using single premature stimulation delivered after the basic drive. ARI A occurred at longer CLs at Mid sites compared to End and Epi sites and the magnitude of A at Mid sites was greater. This was due to differences in restitution kinetics at Mid sites, characterized by larger deltaARI and a slower time constant , and differences in diastolic intervals resulting in differetn input to restitution. The arrhythmogenicity of QT/T A was primarily due to the greater degree of spatial dispersion of repolarization during A compared to slower rates not associated with A. In 3 of 7 sxperiments, this resulted in funcional conduction block and reentrant VT during the fixed drive associated with
Closure to Warping Stresses in Curved Box Girder Bridges: Case Study by Ayman M. Okeil and Sherif El-Tawil
No full textSupplemental Material, DS2_CPCJ_10.1177_1055665618788421 - Effectiveness of Gingivoperiosteoplasty on Alveolar Bone Reconstruction and Facial Growth in Patients With Cleft Lip and Palate: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
No full textSupplemental Material, DS2_CPCJ_10.1177_1055665618788421 for Effectiveness of Gingivoperiosteoplasty on Alveolar Bone Reconstruction and Facial Growth in Patients With Cleft Lip and Palate: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis by Noha A. El-Ashmawi, Sherif A. ElKordy, Mona M. Salah Fayed, Amr El-Beialy, and Khaled H. Attia in The Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Journal</p
Supplemental Material, DS1_CPCJ_10.1177_1055665618788421 - Effectiveness of Gingivoperiosteoplasty on Alveolar Bone Reconstruction and Facial Growth in Patients With Cleft Lip and Palate: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
No full textSupplemental Material, DS1_CPCJ_10.1177_1055665618788421 for Effectiveness of Gingivoperiosteoplasty on Alveolar Bone Reconstruction and Facial Growth in Patients With Cleft Lip and Palate: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis by Noha A. El-Ashmawi, Sherif A. ElKordy, Mona M. Salah Fayed, Amr El-Beialy, and Khaled H. Attia in The Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Journal</p
Supplemental Material, DS3_CPCJ_10.1177_1055665618788421 - Effectiveness of Gingivoperiosteoplasty on Alveolar Bone Reconstruction and Facial Growth in Patients With Cleft Lip and Palate: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
No full textSupplemental Material, DS3_CPCJ_10.1177_1055665618788421 for Effectiveness of Gingivoperiosteoplasty on Alveolar Bone Reconstruction and Facial Growth in Patients With Cleft Lip and Palate: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis by Noha A. El-Ashmawi, Sherif A. ElKordy, Mona M. Salah Fayed, Amr El-Beialy, and Khaled H. Attia in The Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Journal</p
Occurrence of Anisakis and Hysterothylacium nematodes in Atlantic chub mackerels from Libyan coasts
No full textThe occurrence of zoonotic parasitic nematodes in Atlantic chub mackerels (Scomber colias syn. Scomber japonicus) from Libyan waters was investigated, using epizootiological estimations and molecular specific characterization of larvae. Nematodes belonging to Anisakis spp., the main etiological agent of anisakiasis in Mediterranean waters, and to Hysterothylacium spp. so far considered not pathogenic to humans, were detected. Prevalence values were generally high in visceral cavities (over 40 % for both parasites) while were low for Anisakis (around 1 %) and null for Hysterothylacium in muscles. Moreover, the level of infections was associated with seasons, a feature potentially useful to plan fishing captures and to elaborate risk mitigation strategies for anisakiasis. Species molecular identification performed on a subsample described the presence of Hysterothylacium aduncum as the predominant species, along with Anisakis pegreffi i and the hybrids (A. pegreffi i and A. simplex sensu stricto), thus posing a concrete zoonotic risk following the consumption of such fi sh species as a raw preparation
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