188,909 research outputs found
Religiosity and depression in older people: Evidence from underprivileged refugee and non-refugee communities in Lebanon
No full textReligiosity is an important aspect of the life of older people, particularly in the Arab region where religiosity is an important part of daily social and political life. Studies have documented the relationship between religiosity and depression among older people, but none in the region. A total of 740 persons aged 60 + were interviewed in three poor urban areas of Lebanon, one of which was a Palestinian refugee camp. The questionnaire included five items on religiosity covering organizational and intrinsic religiosity. Depression was assessed using the 15-item Geriatric Depression Score (GDS-15). Depression was prevalent in 24percent of the older persons interviewed with the highest proportion being from the Palestinian refugee camp (31percent). Results suggest that only organizational religiosity was related to depression and this pattern was only significant among the refugee population. Religious practice is discussed as an indicator of social solidarity rather than an aspect of religiosity. Minority groups may rely on religious stratagems to cope with their distress more than other groups. © 2007 Taylor and Francis.Abolfotouh M. A., 2001, Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal, V7, P481; *AJ CTR STAT DOC, 2005, PAL LEB LEB POL LAWS; Al-Kandari YY, 2003, J BIOSOC SCI, V35, P463, DOI 10.1017-S0021932003004632; ALLEN N, 1994, AGE AGEING, V23, P213, DOI 10.1093-ageing-23.3.213; Bagiella E, 2005, INT J EPIDEMIOL, V34, P443, DOI 10.1093-ije-dyh396; Beekman ATF, 1997, PSYCHOL MED, V27, P1397, DOI 10.1017-S0033291797005734; Boey Kam Weng, 2003, Int J Psychiatr Nurs Res, V8, P921; Braam AW, 1997, ACTA PSYCHIAT SCAND, V96, P199, DOI 10.1111-j.1600-0447.1997.tb10152.x; Chatters LM, 2000, ANNU REV PUBL HEALTH, V21, P335, DOI 10.1146-annurev.publhealth.21.1.335; Consedine NS, 2004, INT J AGING HUM DEV, V58, P49, DOI 10.2190-2M9F-7GN5-P4KA-WXED; Dunlop DD, 2003, AM J PUBLIC HEALTH, V93, P1945, DOI 10.2105-AJPH.93.11.1945; Dunn KS, 2004, PAIN MANAG NURS, V5, P19, DOI 10.1016-S1524-9042(03)00070-5; Fehring R J, 1997, Oncol Nurs Forum, V24, P663; Fountoulakis KN, 1999, AGING-CLIN EXP RES, V11, P367; GLEEN CL, 1997, MCGILL J MED, V3, P86; GOTTFRIES CG, 2005, DEPRESSION LATER LIF; Hackney CH, 2003, J SCI STUD RELIG, V42, P43, DOI 10.1111-1468-5906.t01-1-00160; Isaia D, 1999, J Gerontol Nurs, V25, P15; Koenig HG, 1998, AM J PSYCHIAT, V155, P536; Krause N, 2002, J GERONTOL B-PSYCHOL, V57, pS96; MADIANOS MG, 1992, ACTA PSYCHIAT SCAND, V86, P320, DOI 10.1111-j.1600-0447.1992.tb03273.x; Makhoul J., 2003, PHYS SOCIAL CONTEXTS; Parker M, 2003, AGING MENT HEALTH, V7, P390, DOI 10.1080-1360786031000150667; PARSONS A, 1997, J REFUG STUD, V10, P228, DOI 10.1093-jrs-10.3.228; Robison J, 2003, INT PSYCHOGERIATR, V15, P239, DOI 10.1017-S1041610203009505; SAYIGH R, 1995, J PALESTINE STUD, V25, P37, DOI 10.1525-jps.1995.25.1.00p0053s; SHEIKH J I, 1986, Clinical Gerontologist, V5, P165; Sibai AM, 2004, B WORLD HEALTH ORGAN, V82, P219; Sloan RP, 1999, LANCET, V353, P664, DOI 10.1016-S0140-6736(98)07376-0; Unutzer J, 2002, AM J GERIAT PSYCHIAT, V10, P521, DOI 10.1176-appi.ajgp.10.5.52116141
Attitudes of men and women towards wife beating: Findings from palestinian refugee camps in Jordan
No full textThe aim of this study is to investigate the factors associated with the acceptance of wife beating among currently married men and women living in disadvantaged Palestinian refugee camps in Jordan. The study uses data from a cross-sectional survey of 3,100 households from 12 refugee camps, conducted in 1999, with a sub-sample of 395 married women and men selected for this analysis. Associations between acceptance of wife beating and experience of abuse as well as other risk factors are assessed for men and women separately, using χ 2 tests and odds ratios from binary logistic regression models. The majority of men (60.1percent) and women (61.8percent) believe that wife beating is justified in at least one of the eight hypothetical marital situations presented to them. Among women, those that had been victims of intimate partner violence are significantly more likely to report acceptance of wife beating. Among men, acceptance of wife beating is also significantly associated with their current age, labor force participation, their view on women's autonomy, and their own history as perpetrators of IPV. The majority of respondents justify wife beating in this context, with essentially no difference between men and women. Acceptance of wife beating by both men and women was strongly associated with previous experiences of wife beating adjusting for other risk factors. © 2007 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC.Ahmed S, 2006, AM J PUBLIC HEALTH, V96, P1423, DOI 10.2105-AJPH.2005.066316; Asling-Monemi K, 2003, B WORLD HEALTH ORGAN, V81, P10; Bates LM, 2004, INT FAM PLAN PERSPEC, V30, P190, DOI 10.1363-3019004; Burazeri G, 2005, BRIT MED J, V331, P197, DOI 10.1136-bmj.331.7510.197; Ellsberg MC, 1999, AM J PUBLIC HEALTH, V89, P241, DOI 10.2105-AJPH.89.2.241; Gage AJ, 2005, SOC SCI MED, V61, P343, DOI 10.1016-j.socscimed.2004.11.078; Haj-Yahia MH, 2003, J FAM VIOLENCE, V18, P193, DOI 10.1023-A:1024012229984; Haj-Yahia MM, 2002, PSYCHOL WOMEN QUART, V26, P282, DOI 10.1111-1471-6402.t01-1-00067; Haj-Yahia MM, 2000, FAM PROCESS, V39, P237, DOI 10.1111-j.1545-5300.2000.39207.x; HAMPTON RL, 1994, J COMPARATIVE FAMILY, V28, P105; Hindin MJ, 2003, B WORLD HEALTH ORGAN, V81, P501; HUSSMANNS R, 1992, SURVEYS EC ACTIVE PO; Jewkes R, 2002, SOC SCI MED, V55, P1603, DOI 10.1016-S0277-9536(01)00294-5; Kernic MA, 2003, CHILD ABUSE NEGLECT, V27, P1231, DOI 10.1016-j.chiabu.2002.12.001; Khawaja M, 2004, INT J EPIDEMIOL, V33, P526, DOI 10.1093-ije-dyh039; Khawaja M, 2004, INT J GYNECOL OBSTET, V86, P67, DOI 10.1016-j.ijgo.2004.04.008; Khawaja M, 2005, J EPIDEMIOL COMMUN H, V59, P840, DOI 10.1136-jech.2004.031625; KHAWAJA M, 2001, MARGINS MIGRATION LI; Koenig MA, 2006, AM J PUBLIC HEALTH, V96, P132, DOI 10.2105-AJPH.2004.050872; Koenig MA, 2003, B WORLD HEALTH ORGAN, V81, P153; KRUG EG, 2002, WORLD REP VIOL HLTH; Kyriacou DN, 1999, NEW ENGL J MED, V341, P1892, DOI 10.1056-NEJM199912163412505; Lawoko Stephen, 2006, Violence Vict, V21, P645, DOI 10.1891-vivi.21.5.645; Maziak Wasim, 2003, Health Care Women Int, V24, P313; McFarlane JM, 2003, PEDIATRICS, V112, pE202, DOI 10.1542-peds.112.3.e202; Oyediran Kolawole Azeez, 2005, Afr J Reprod Health, V9, P38; Parish WL, 2004, INT FAM PLAN PERSPEC, V30, P174, DOI 10.1363-3017404; Raj A, 2003, AM J PUBLIC HEALTH, V93, P435, DOI 10.2105-AJPH.93.3.435; Rani Manju, 2004, Afr J Reprod Health, V8, P116, DOI 10.2307-3583398; Saltzman LE, 2000, AM J PREV MED, V19, P325, DOI 10.1016-S0749-3797(00)00241-5; Silverman JG, 2006, AM J OBSTET GYNECOL, V195, P140, DOI 10.1016-j.ajog.2005.12.052; Simon T R, 2001, Violence Vict, V16, P115; Tjaden P, 2000, Violence Vict, V15, P427; Vest JR, 2002, AM J PREV MED, V22, P156, DOI 10.1016-S0749-3797(01)00431-7; Wathen CN, 2003, JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC, V289, P589, DOI 10.1001-jama.289.5.589; WATTS C, 2003, PUTTING WOMEN 1 ETHI19181
Exposure of pre-school children to passive cigarette and narghile smoke in Beirut
No full textBackground: Narghile is a resurging smoking device. However, little research has been done to assess passive smoking exposure. The objective of the present study is to evaluate the exposure of pre-school age children in Beirut to parental passive smoking from cigarette and-or narghile. Methods: Data were collected from 1057 pre-school age children attending 16 day cares and 7 nursery schools in the city of Beirut. Results: The overall prevalence of parental smoking (cigarette and-or narghile) was 53.3percent. Ten per cent of respondents reported smoking only narghile. Fathers were significantly more likely than mothers to smoke cigarettes. However, there was no significant difference between fathers and mothers with respect to smoking narghile only. Education was a significant predictor for smoking cigarettes but not for smoking narghile. Conclusion: Narghile smoking appears to follow different gender and social patterns than cigarette smoking. Further research is needed to establish the determinants of narghile smoking, in order to develop adequate prevention policies. © The Author 2005. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the European Public Health Association. All rights reserved.Alberg AJ, 2003, CHEST S1, V123, P21; Bonita R, 1999, TOB CONTROL, V8, P156; Burns DM, 2003, PROG CARDIOVASC DIS, V46, P11, DOI 10.1016-S0033-0620(03)00079-3; Calverley PMA, 2003, LANCET, V362, P1053, DOI 10.1016-S0140-6736(03)14416-9; Jurado D, 2004, J EXPO ANAL ENV EPID, V14, P330, DOI 10.1038-sj.jea.7500329; Maziak W, 2002, INT J TUBERC LUNG D, V6, P183; Shihadeh A, 2004, PHARMACOL BIOCHEM BE, V79, P75, DOI 10.1016-j.pbb.2004.06.005; Shihadeh A, 2005, FOOD CHEM TOXICOL, V43, P655, DOI 10.1016-j.fct.2004.12.013; Shiva F, 2003, ACTA PAEDIATR, V92, P1394, DOI 10.1080-08035250310006638; Soliman S, 2004, AM J PUBLIC HEALTH, V94, P314, DOI 10.2105-AJPH.94.2.314; Tamim H, 2003, J ASTHMA, V40, P571, DOI 10.1081-JAS-120019029; *WHO, 2006, TOB FREE INI WHY TAB78
Cigarette and waterpipe smoking among Lebanese adolescents, a cross-sectional study, 2003-2004
No full textwaterpipe or argileh is a form of smoking other than cigarettes that is currently spreading among people of all ages. The objective of the present study was to assess tobacco smoking practices (waterpipe and-or cigarette) among public and private adolescent school students in Beirut, Lebanon. A sample of 2,443 students selected from 10 private and 3 public schools with intermediate-secondary classes filled out a self-administered anonymous questionnaire that inquired about sociodemographic characteristics, and behavior about tobacco smoking. Binary analysis was performed as well as three regression models for the relationship between exclusive cigarettes smoking, exclusive waterpipe smoking and both cigarettes and waterpipe as the dependent variables and gender, type of school, and class as the independent variables. The current prevalence of cigarettes smoking was 11.4percent, and that of waterpipe smoking was 29.6percent. Gender was significantly associated with cigarettes (OR=3.2, 95percent CI 1.8-5.6) but not waterpipe smoking. Public school students were, respectively, 3.2 (95percent CI 1.8-5.6) and 1.7 (95percent CI 1.4-2.1) times more likely to be exclusive cigarettes smokers, and exclusive waterpipe smokers. Class was not significantly associated with exclusive cigarette smoking; however, students attending secondary classes were 1.3 (95percent CI 1.1-1.6) times more likely to be exclusive waterpipe smokers. The reasons behind the high prevalence of both types of smoking are presented and discussed. The present study calls for school-based prevention programs and other types of interventions such as tax increases, and age-restrictions on tobacco sales. More aggressive interventions to disseminate education and awareness among parents and students altogether are warranted.Alexander C, 2001, J ADOLESCENT HEALTH, V29, P22, DOI 10.1016-S1054-139X(01)00210-5; Ben Abdelaziz A, 2006, REV MAL RESPIR, V23, P319, DOI 10.1019-20064038; BERESTEIN L, 2003, TIME, V161, P10; Erbaydar T, 2005, EUR J PUBLIC HEALTH, V15, P404, DOI 10.1093-eurpub-cki040; Fakhfakh R, 2002, B WORLD HEALTH ORGAN, V80, P350; Gadalla Shahinaz, 2003, Journal of the Egyptian Society of Parasitology, V33, P1031; Jarvis M., 1999, SOCIAL DETERMINANTS; Kandela P, 2000, LANCET, V356, P1175, DOI 10.1016-S0140-6736(05)72871-3; King G, 2003, PREV MED, V36, P114, DOI 10.1006-pmed.2002.1128; *LEB REP MIN ED ED, 2005, SCH GUID GEN ED 1999; Ma GX, 2003, ADDICT BEHAV, V28, P249, DOI 10.1016-S0306-4603(01)00225-8; Maes L, 2003, SOC SCI MED, V56, P517, DOI 10.1016-S0277-9536(02)00052-7; Maziak W, 2004, PREV MED, V38, P479, DOI 10.1016-j.ypmed.2003.11.021; MCNICOLL T, 2002, NEWSWEEK INT, V60; Morello P, 2001, AM J PUBLIC HEALTH, V91, P219, DOI 10.2105-AJPH.91.2.219; Pickett W, 2000, Chronic Dis Can, V21, P119; Shihadeh A, 2003, FOOD CHEM TOXICOL, V41, P143, DOI 10.1016-S0278-6915(02)00220-X; Siahpush M, 2001, AUST NZ J PUBL HEAL, V25, P438, DOI 10.1111-j.1467-842X.2001.tb00654.x; Steptoe A, 2002, ADDICTION, V97, P1561, DOI 10.1046-j.1360-0443.2002.00269.x; Tamim H, 2003, ADDICTION, V98, P933, DOI 10.1046-j.1360-0443.2003.00413.x; Varsano Shabtai, 2003, Harefuah, V142, P736; Warren CW, 2006, LANCET, V367, P749, DOI 10.1016-S0140-6736(06)68192-0; Zoughaib S. S., 2004, Lebanese Medical Journal, V52, P14239363
Argileh smoking among university students: A new tobacco epidemic
No full textThe recent global increase in argileh use represents the modern renaissance of an old public health threat and a new tobacco epidemic. This study examined argileh smoking knowledge and attitudes in a sample of university students in Beirut as determinants of argileh smoking. Data were collected cross-sectionally through self-administered questionnaires from 416 students at the American University of Beirut through stratified cluster sampling. The proportion of ever-smokers in this study was 43percent, compared with the 30percent reported 4 years ago. A total of 28.3percent of the surveyed students were current argileh smokers, and the average initiation age was 16 years. Compared with argileh smokers, significantly greater proportions of nonsmokers had positive attitudes about argileh banning and more accurate knowledge about argileh. Argileh smoking among Lebanese young is on the rise. Students demonstrated partial knowledge and moderate to favorable attitudes concerning argileh smoking. Possible public health interventions are discussed in light of the social and cultural context of argileh use to neutralize this emerging global public health threat. © 2004 Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco.Abolfotouh MA, 1998, ANN SAUDI MED, V18, P212; Abolfotouh M.A., 1997, E MEDITERRANEAN HLTH, V3, P90; ALFAYEZ SF, 1988, TROP GEOGR MED, V40, P115; ALI A, 2001, GULF NEWS; Chaaya Monique, 2003, Matern Child Health J, V7, P179, DOI 10.1023-A:1025136421230; *CTR REV DISS, 1998, EFF MATTERS 3; El-Hakim IE, 1999, INT J DERMATOL, V38, P108, DOI 10.1046-j.1365-4362.1999.00448.x; FIKRI M, 2002, REPORT RESULTS GLOBA; GODFREY C, 1988, BRIT MED J, V297, P339; Kandela P, 1997, LANCET, V349, P1460, DOI 10.1016-S0140-6736(05)63750-6; Kandela P, 2000, LANCET, V356, P1175, DOI 10.1016-S0140-6736(05)72871-3; Kiter G, 2000, RESP MED, V94, P891, DOI 10.1053-rmed.2000.0859; Macaron C I, 1997, J Med Liban, V45, P46; MCNICOLL T, 2002, NEWSWEEK INT, V140, P60; *NAT SMOK CONTR PR, 2003, HLTH PROM BOARD; Nuwayhid IA, 1998, AM J EPIDEMIOL, V148, P375; RADWAN A, 1999, TIME INT, V153, P42; Sajid Khan Mohammad, 1993, JPMA (Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association), V43, P179; SHEDIACRIZKALLA.M, 2001, INT Q COMMUNITY HLTH, V20, P115, DOI 10.2190-UM5G-3EJN-NAC1-FG8J; Shihadeh A, 2003, FOOD CHEM TOXICOL, V41, P143, DOI 10.1016-S0278-6915(02)00220-X; SOWDEN AJ, 1998, COCHRAN LIB; *SRI INT, 2000, LEB HIGH VAL ADD AGR; TOWNSEND J, 1994, BRIT MED J, V309, P923; U.K. Department of Health, 1992, EFF TOB ADV TOB CONS; ZAHRAN F, 1982, AM J PUBLIC HEALTH, V72, P722, DOI 10.2105-AJPH.72.7.72254484
Unintended pregnancy in Egypt: Evidence from the national study on women giving birth in 1999
No full textThe current study aimed to estimate the prevalence and correlates of unintended pregnancy among ever-married women. The study sample was 2349 ever-married women aged 15-49 years who gave birth in 1999. Unintended pregnancy was defined as unwanted and mistimed pregnancies. Of these, 431 (18.5percent) women reported unintended pregnancy: 137 were mistimed (5.9percent) and 294 were unwanted (12.6percent). Women of older age, living in frontier governorates, with poor knowledge of the ovulatory cycle, having a more than ideal family size, using contraceptive methods and having 4 or more children were at increased odds of reporting unintended pregnancies. Fewer antenatal care visits and low child weight at birth were significantly associated with unintended pregnancy.
Cigarette smoking, addiction, and quitting among pregnant women in Lebanon
No full textAim: Prior studies of smoking among Lebanese pregnant women have not reported on measures of addiction and quitting plans. We aimed to assess measures of cigarette addiction, quitting plans, and behaviors prior to and during pregnancy, and their correlates among current pregnant women in Lebanon. Design: Pregnant women presenting for prenatal services were interviewed about knowledge, attitudes and practices of cigarette smoking, degree of dependence, and quitting plans and actions. Setting: A stratified sample of 23 primary care centers all over Lebanon. Participants: A total of 864 women. Measurements: Addiction scores, plans for quitting-stay quit, composite scores of knowledge of smoking harm and attitudes towards smoking control. Findings: Of the 192 (22percent of the total sample) women who smoked cigarettes prior to pregnancy, 41 (21percent) quit due to pregnancy while 151 (79percent) continued. Persistent smokers had higher addiction scores and higher self-rated smoking frequency than successful quitters. Although a third of persistent smokers tried to quit prior to pregnancy, only 21percent were contemplating to quit now, without clear plans in the majority. Women's attitudes towards smoking control measures, and to a lesser extent knowledge of smoking harm, correlated with prior success, and current interest in quitting. Conclusions: Cigarette smoking among Lebanese pregnant women remains alarmingly high. Few pregnant smokers plan to quit. There are important gaps in attitudes and knowledge towards smoking, which can be exploited to increase interest in quitting. That many women tried to quit previously, but failed, represents missed opportunities for prevention in this population. © 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved
Lic. Flores Z. imparte una conferencia en el Tecnológico
No full textLibro Tecnológico de Monterrey- Semblanza Fotográfica.- El Lic. Flores Z. imparte una conferencia en el Tecnológico- el 11 de diciembre de 1947
Generalized pairwise z-complementary codes
No full textAn approach to generate generalized pairwise Z-complementary (GPZ) codes, which works in pairs in order to offer a zero correlation zone (ZCZ) in the vicinity of zero phase shift and fit extremely well in power efficient quadrature carrier modems, is introduced in this letter. Each GPZ code has MK sequences, each of length 4NK, whereMis the number of Z-complementary mates,
K is a factor to perform Walsh–Hadamard expansions, and N is the sequence length of the Z-complementary code. The proposed GPZ codes include the generalized pairwise complementary (GPC)codes as special cases
The Benefits of Being Economics Professor A (and not Z)
No full textAlphabetic name ordering on multi-authored academic papers, which is the convention in the economics discipline and various other disciplines, is to the advantage of people whose last name initials are placed early in the alphabet. As it turns out, Professor A, who has been a first author more often than Professor Z, will have published more articles and experienced afaster growth rate over the course of her career as a result of reputation and visibility. Moreover, authors know that name ordering matters and indeed take ordering seriously: Several characteristics of an author group composition determine the decision to deviate from the default alphabetic name order to a significant extent.performance measurement, incentives, economists, name ordering
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