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FIGURE 4. Caligus dakari van Beneden, 1892 male. A in A review of the Caligus productus species group, with the description of a new species, new synonymies and supplementary descriptions
No full textFIGURE 4. Caligus dakari van Beneden, 1892 male. A. genital complex and abdomen, ventral view; B. antenna, postantennal process (pap) and maxillule (mxl) in situ, ventral view; C. maxilliped; D. sternal furca in situ; E. second exopodal segment of leg 1 showing distal armature; F. leg 4. Scale-bars: A = 500 μm, B, C, D, F = 250 μm, E = 100 μm.Published as part of Boxshall, Geoff A & El-Rashidy, Hoda H., 2009, A review of the Caligus productus species group, with the description of a new species, new synonymies and supplementary descriptions, pp. 1-26 in Zootaxa 2271 on page 11, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.19095
FIGURE 6 in A review of the Caligus productus species group, with the description of a new species, new synonymies and supplementary descriptions
No full textFIGURE 6. Caligus haemulonis Krøyer, 1863 male. A. genital complex and abdomen, ventral view; B. antenna, postantennal process (pap) and maxillule (mxl) in situ, ventral view; C. maxilliped; D. sternal furca; E. distal armature on second exopodal segment of leg 1; F. leg 4. Scale-bars: A = 200 μm, B, C, F = 100 μm, D, E = 50 μm.Published as part of Boxshall, Geoff A & El-Rashidy, Hoda H., 2009, A review of the Caligus productus species group, with the description of a new species, new synonymies and supplementary descriptions, pp. 1-26 in Zootaxa 2271 on page 17, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.19095
FIGURE 3. Caligus dakari van Beneden, 1892 female. A in A review of the Caligus productus species group, with the description of a new species, new synonymies and supplementary descriptions
No full textFIGURE 3. Caligus dakari van Beneden, 1892 female. A. genital complex and abdomen, ventral view; B. antenna, postantennal process (pap) and maxillule (mxl), ventral view in situ; C. leg 4. Scale-bars: A = 1 mm, B = 200 μm, C = 250 μm.Published as part of Boxshall, Geoff A & El-Rashidy, Hoda H., 2009, A review of the Caligus productus species group, with the description of a new species, new synonymies and supplementary descriptions, pp. 1-26 in Zootaxa 2271 on page 10, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.19095
Caligus ariicolus Wilson 1928
No full textCaligus ariicolus Wilson, 1928 Differential diagnosis: Female genital complex and abdomen combined about 1.5 times longer than cephalothorax; body length 3.75–4.25 mm. Male length 3.0 mm. Female genital complex large, lacking distinct postero-lateral lobes; only slightly longer than abdomen; abdomen 2 -segmented, first segment about 3 times longer than second. Male genital complex slender: abdomen 2 -segmented; second segment longer than first. Post-antennal process sexually dimorphic, larger and more strongly curved in male. Sternal furca with incurved tines but narrow gape. Female maxilliped with smooth medial margin. Male maxilliped with process on myxal margin, opposing tip of claw. Exopod of leg 1 with seta at inner distal angle longer than longest distal spine but shorter than segment; no setae on posterior margin. First exopodal segment of leg 4 with large outer spine reaching nearly to tip of outer spine on second segment; outer spine on second exopodal segment long, about equal in length to outer and middle spines on distal margin; terminal spine distinctly longer than other 2 distal margin spines. Material examined: none Distribution: Thailand. Hosts: Ariidae: Nemapteryx caelata (Valenciennes, 1840) (as Arius caelatus). Remarks: This species has a large genital complex and abdomen and is similar in body proportions to Caligus fugu Yamaguti & Yamasu, 1959. However, it differs in the absence of the spinous process on the medial margin of the maxilliped of the female. The sternal furca of C. ariicolus has incurved tines whereas those of C. fugu are straight and tapering. Caligus ariicolous Wilson, 1928 was described from a catfish caught off Paknam, Thailand, and has not been reported since.Published as part of Boxshall, Geoff A & El-Rashidy, Hoda H., 2009, A review of the Caligus productus species group, with the description of a new species, new synonymies and supplementary descriptions, pp. 1-26 in Zootaxa 2271 on page 9, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.19095
Caligus bocki Heegaard 1943
No full text<i>Caligus bocki</i> Heegaard, 1943 <p> <b>Differential diagnosis:</b> Female genital complex and abdomen combined just slightly shorter than cephalothorax; body length 2.6–2.8 mm. Female genital complex produced into distinct postero-lateral lobes; abdomen apparently 2-segmented, first segment very much shorter than second. Post-antennal process not strongly recurved in female. Sternal furca with tines apparently fused to form median tapering spine. Female maxilliped with small tooth-like process on myxal margin. Leg 4 with long distal spines, terminal spine slightly longer than other 2 distal margin spines. Male unknown.</p> <p> <b>Material examined:</b> none</p> <p> <b>Distribution:</b> Gilbert Islands.</p> <p> <b>Hosts:</b> Carcharhinidae: <i>Carcharhinus falciformis</i> (Müller & Henle, 1839) (as <i>Eulamia menisorrah</i></p> <p>(Müller & Henle)).</p> <p> <b>Remarks:</b> The original description is of extremely poor quality and is inconsistent: the body length of the single holotype female is given as 2.6 mm and also as 2.8 mm by Heegaard (1943) in different parts of the text. Although described as having a 1-segmented abdomen, we consider the abdomen 2-segmented with the short base illustrated as carrying the large free segment being interpreted here as a short first free abdominal segment. As well as being the only species in the group, other than <i>C. productus</i> itself, to possess posterolateral lobes on the genital complex, this species shares a second similarity, namely the tiny process on the medial margin of the female maxilliped. This at least raises the possibility that the type specimen could be an aberrant individual of <i>C. productus</i>, found on an unusual host, the shark <i>Carcharhinus falciformis</i>. The form of the sternal furca, with its fused tines, is a unique apomorphy for this species within the group.</p>Published as part of <i>Boxshall, Geoff A & El-Rashidy, Hoda H., 2009, A review of the Caligus productus species group, with the description of a new species, new synonymies and supplementary descriptions, pp. 1-26 in Zootaxa 2271</i> on page 9, DOI: <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/190952">10.5281/zenodo.190952</a>
Caligus schelegeli Ho & Lin 2003
No full textCaligus schelegeli Ho & Lin, 2003 Syn: C. pagrosomi schelegeli Ho & Lin, 2003 Differential diagnosis: Female genital complex and abdomen combined about 1.6 times longer than cephalothorax; body length 3.10–3.88 mm. Male body length 2.28–2.84 mm. Female genital complex longer than wide, lacking distinct postero-lateral lobes: abdomen 2 -segmented, first segment about 2.0 times longer than second. Male abdomen 2 -segmented; second segment about 1.6 times longer than first. Female antenna with distal claw weakly curved. Post-antennal process curved in both sexes. Additional process present between post-antennal process and base of antenna in female. Posterior process of maxillule with tiny blunt accessory process in male. Sternal furca of female with incurved tines and with small rounded processes on body surface either side of furca. Female maxilliped with smooth myxal margin. Male maxilliped with large, acutely-pointed process on myxal margin, opposing tip of claw. Exopod of leg 1 with seta at inner distal angle shorter than segment but longer than longest of distal spines; posterior margin with single, naked vestigial seta. Outer margin of second endopodal segment of leg 2 ornamented with typical setules. Leg 4 with robust first exopodal segment bearing marginal setule, spine extending beyond base of proximal outer spine of second segment; second segment with distal spines well developed, increasing slightly in length from outer to inner. Material examined: none Distribution: Taiwan. Hosts: Carangidae: Megalaspis cordyla (Linnaeus, 1758); Mugilidae: Mugil cephalus Linnaeus, 1758; Scatophagidae: Scatophagus argus (Linnaeus, 1766); Siganidae: Siganus fuscescens (Houttuyn, 1782); Sparidae: Acanthopagrus schlegelii (Bleeker, 1854); Terapontidae: Terapon jarbua (Forsskål, 1775). Host data from Ho & Lin (2003). Remarks: C. schelegeli is closely related to C. haemulonis but differs in having a genital complex plus abdomen that, combined, are about 1.6 times longer than the cephalothorax, rather than 1.3 times longer as in C. haemulonis.Published as part of Boxshall, Geoff A & El-Rashidy, Hoda H., 2009, A review of the Caligus productus species group, with the description of a new species, new synonymies and supplementary descriptions, pp. 1-26 in Zootaxa 2271 on pages 19-20, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.19095
Caligus alaihi Lewis 1968
No full text<i>Caligus alaihi</i> Lewis, 1968 <p> <b>Differential diagnosis:</b> Female genital complex and abdomen combined shorter than cephalothorax; body length 2.77 mm. Male body length 2.07 mm. Female genital complex lacking distinct postero-lateral lobes; abdomen apparently 1-segmented, about half as long as genital complex. Male abdomen 2-segmented; second segment almost twice length of first. Post-antennal process sexually dimorphic, larger and more strongly curved in male. Sternal furca with straight, strongly divergent tines. Female maxilliped with smooth medial margin. Male maxilliped with slight rounded swelling in myxal area. Exopod of leg 1 with seta at inner distal angle about as long as segment, single plumose seta on posterior margin about as long as shortest distal spine. Outer margin of second endopodal segment of leg 2 ornamented with denticles. Leg 4 ornamented with marginal setules on protopodal segment but none figured on exopodal segments: outer spine on second exopodal segment reaching well beyond base of adjacent distal margin spine; terminal spine about twice as long as other 2 distal margin spines.</p> <p> <b>Material examined:</b> none</p> <p> <b>Distribution:</b> Eniwetok Atoll.</p> <p> <b>Hosts:</b> Holocentridae: <i>Neoniphon samara</i> (Forsskål, 1775) (as <i>Holocentrus samara</i>).</p> <p> <b>Remarks:</b> This species can be readily distinguished within the group by the short, 1-segmented abdomen of the adult female. It differs from <i>C. enormis</i> in which the abdomen is even more reduced and fused to genital complex and which lacks a sternal furca. It carries a single, well developed plumose seta on the posterior margin of the distal exopodal segment of leg 1 as in <i>C. pagrosomi</i>. In <i>C. enormis</i> this seta is present but is spinulate, rather than plumose, and one of the distal margin spines is lacking (Ho & Bashirullah 1977).</p>Published as part of <i>Boxshall, Geoff A & El-Rashidy, Hoda H., 2009, A review of the Caligus productus species group, with the description of a new species, new synonymies and supplementary descriptions, pp. 1-26 in Zootaxa 2271</i> on page 8, DOI: <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/190952">10.5281/zenodo.190952</a>
Caligus fugu Yamaguti & Yamasu 1959
No full textCaligus fugu Yamaguti & Yamasu, 1959 Syn: C. lagocephali Pillai, 1961 Differential diagnosis: Female genital complex and abdomen combined nearly twice as long as cephalothorax; body length 3.0– 3.7 mm. Male length 2.0– 2.4 mm. Female genital complex large, lacking distinct postero-lateral lobes; about 1.6 times longer than abdomen; abdomen 2 -segmented, first segment just over twice as long as second. Male genital complex with evenly convex lateral margins: abdomen 2 - segmented; second segment just longer than first. Post-antennal process sexually dimorphic, larger and more strongly curved in male. Additional process present between post-antennal process and base of antenna in female. Sternal furca with straight, tapering tines. Female maxilliped with large tapering process proximally on medial margin. Male maxilliped with large, acutely-pointed process on myxal margin, opposing tip of claw. Exopod of leg 1 with seta at inner distal angle as long as longest distal spine but much shorter than segment; no setae on posterior margin. Outer margin of second endopodal segment of leg 2 densely ornamented with fine spinules. Second exopodal segment of leg 4 with short outer margin spine and 3 long distal margin spines, increasing in length slightly towards terminal spine. Material examined: none Distribution: Indo-West Pacific, Japan, India. Hosts: Tetraodontidae: Takifugu rubripes (Temminck & Schlegel, 1850) (as Sphaeroides rubripes), Takifugu alboplumbeus (Richardson, 1845) (as S. alboplumbeus), Takifugu niphobles (Jordan & Snyder, 1901) (as S. niphobles), Takifugu pardalis (Temminck & Schlegel, 1850) (as S. pardalis), Lagocephalus inermis (Temminck & Schlegel, 1850). All the reported hosts of C. fugu are tetraodontids (Yamaguti & Yamasu 1959; Pillai 1961). Remarks: The distinguishing character of this species is the well developed process located proximally on the inner margin of the female maxilliped. This character is shared by C. lagocephali and the females of these species have similar body size (2.8 mm) and body proportions. C. lagocephali is here placed in synonymy with C. fugu since it does not differ in any substantive characters.Published as part of Boxshall, Geoff A & El-Rashidy, Hoda H., 2009, A review of the Caligus productus species group, with the description of a new species, new synonymies and supplementary descriptions, pp. 1-26 in Zootaxa 2271 on pages 14-15, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.19095
Caligus dakari
No full textCaligus dakari van Beneden, 1892 Syn: Caligus mauritanicus typical form Brian 1924 Differential diagnosis: Female genital complex and abdomen combined about 1.5 times longer than cephalothorax; body length 6.0– 6.5 mm. Male body length 5.0 mm. Female genital complex (Fig. 3 A) elongate with parallel lateral margins and narrow waist-like region anteriorly, lacking distinct postero-lateral lobes: abdomen 2 -segmented, first segment nearly three times longer than second. Male abdomen 2 - segmented (Fig. 4 A); second segment longer than first. Post-antennal process large and strongly curved in both sexes (cf. Figs 3 B, pap; 4 B, pap). Additional process present between post-antennal process and base of antenna in female (Fig. 3 B). Posterior process of maxillule (Fig. 4 B, mxl) with distinct narrowing between proximal and sital parts; male with tiny blunt accessory process. Sternal furca with strongly incurved tines and wide gape; transverse thickenings of body surface present either side of furca (Fig. 4 D). Female maxilliped with smooth medial margin. Male maxilliped with pointed process on myxal margin (Fig. 4 C), opposing tip of claw; process minutely concave at tip. Exopod of leg 1 with seta at inner distal angle shorter than segment and about as long as terminal spine on distal margin; posterior margin with single plumose seta less than half length of adjacent seta (Fig. 4 E). Exopod of leg 4 distinctive in both sexes (Fig. 3 C, 4 F): first exopodal segment large with marginal setules, second segment with concave margin proximal to first marginal spine: exopodal spines relatively stout, outer 2 spines of similar length and markedly shorter than terminal spine. Material examined: 30 female and 3 male syntypes labeled Caligus mauritanicus, in 2 vials deposited in the collections of the Museum National d’Histoire Naturelle in Paris, registration numbers, MNHN Cp. 278 and Cp. 280. Distribution: Eastern South Atlantic: Mauritania, Senegal. Hosts: Carangidae: Lichia amia (Linnaeus, 1758); Sciaenidae: Argyrosomus regius (Asso, 1801) (as Sciaena aquila). Remarks: The original description of C. dakari was incomplete and inadequate by modern standards and even though Brian (1924) recognised a remarkable similarity in gross form between C. mauritanicus and C. dakari, he preferred to establish a new species. Van Beneden’s (1892) description specified that the plumose setae were absent on the posterior margin of the distal exopodal segment of leg 1 of C. dakari, which allows us to place it in the productus -group. In addition, this is an unusually large species of Caligus. These two nominal species are the only species currently known from the Atlantic coast of Africa that lack these setae, share this shape of genital complex and elongate abdomen, and have a female body length of about 6.0 mm. We consider these species to be identical. The oldest available name for this species is C. dakari and we here recognise the typical form of Caligus mauritanicus Brian, 1924 as a junior subjective synonym. Kirtisinghe (1964) considered that the specimens of Caligus arii Bassett-Smith, 1898 reported from South Africa by Barnard (1955) belonged to C. dakari.Published as part of Boxshall, Geoff A & El-Rashidy, Hoda H., 2009, A review of the Caligus productus species group, with the description of a new species, new synonymies and supplementary descriptions, pp. 1-26 in Zootaxa 2271 on pages 10-12, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.19095
Caligus pagrosomi Yamaguti 1939
No full textCaligus pagrosomi Yamaguti, 1939 Differential diagnosis: Female genital complex and abdomen combined nearly twice as long as cephalothorax; body length 3.94–5.30 mm. Male length 2.40–3.46 mm. Female genital complex elongate, lacking distinct postero-lateral lobes; abdomen just shorter than genital complex; 2 -segmented, first segment about 2.5 times longer than second. Male genital complex elongate, wider posteriorly: abdomen 2 -segmented; second segment nearly twice length of first. Post-antennal process sexually dimorphic, larger and more strongly curved in male. Additional process present between post-antennal process and base of antenna in female. Sternal furca with incurved tines; thickenings lateral to sternal furca forming paired, rounded processes. Female maxilliped with smooth medial margin. Male maxilliped with large, acutely-pointed process on myxal margin, opposing tip of claw. Exopod of leg 1 with seta at inner distal angle longer than longest distal spine but shorter than segment; posterior margin with single plumose seta longer than shortest spine. Outer margin of second endopodal segment of leg 2 ornamented with fine spinules. Leg 4 ornamented with single marginal setule on first exopodal segment; second exopodal segment with outer and middle spines on distal margin similar in length and distinctly shorter than terminal spine. Material examined: 2 females and 1 male collected from Argyrosomus hololepidolus caught off Coff’s Harbour, New South Wales, Australia by K. Rohde: stored in the collections of the Natural History Museum, London, Reg. Nos. 1984.52. Distribution: Western North Pacific; Japan, Taiwan, Australia. Hosts: Ariidae: Arius maculatus (Thunberg, 1792); Carangidae: Caranx ignobilis (Forsskål, 1755), Trachinotus blochii (Lacepède, 1801); Latidae: Lates calcarifer (Bloch, 1790); Lobotidae: Lobotes surinamensis (Bloch, 1790); Lutjanidae: Lutjanus russellii (Bleeker, 1849); Sciaenidae: Argyrosomus hololepidolus (Lacepède, 1801), Miichthys miiuy (Basilewsky, 1855), “ Pagrosomus unicolor ”. Caligus pagrosomi occurs on a range of teleost fishes from at least six families (Ho & Lin 2003). Remarks: The original description (Yamaguti 1939) was incomplete and the best available description of this species is that of Ho & Lin (2003). The possession of a single well developed plumose seta on the posterior margin of the second exopodal segment of leg 1, in addition to the normal array of 3 spines and one seta on the distal margin, is shared only with C. alaihi. In C. enormis the single posterior margin seta is spinulate, but one of the distal margin spines is lacking. In C. dakari (as re-diagnosed above) and in C. temnodontis the plumose seta is reduced to about half the length of the adjacent seta, while in C. haemulonis the seta is further reduced to a tiny, naked vestige.Published as part of Boxshall, Geoff A & El-Rashidy, Hoda H., 2009, A review of the Caligus productus species group, with the description of a new species, new synonymies and supplementary descriptions, pp. 1-26 in Zootaxa 2271 on pages 18-19, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.19095
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