1,077 research outputs found
Truth and Fact-Finding in the Arab Monarchies
No full textIn Chapter 9, Elham Fakhro examines the use of truth and fact-finding commissions in two monarchies, pre- and post-Arab Spring. She argues that in Morocco and Bahrain the absence of regime change has not prevented the use of truth-telling. However, that same absence of reform has constrained the scope of these mechanisms, preventing the naming of alleged perpetrators or units. And, she argues, the wider political settlement between regimes and reformers has limited the potential for the creation of other transitional justice mechanisms, or for truth-telling to act as a catalyst to reform.</p
Coupled adjoint aerostructural wing optimization using quasi-three-dimensional aerodynamic analysis
No full textThis paper presents a method for wing aerostructural analysis and optimization, which needs much lower computational costs, while computes the wing drag and structural deformation with a level of accuracy comparable to the higher fidelity CFD and FEM tools. A quasi-threedimensional aerodynamic solver is developed and connected to a finite beam element model for wing aerostructural optimization. In a quasi-three-dimensional approach an inviscid incompressible vortex lattice method is coupled with a viscous compressible airfoil analysis code for drag prediction of a three dimensional wing. The accuracy of the proposed method for wing drag prediction is validated by comparing its results with the results of a higher fidelity CFD analysis. The wing structural deformation as well as the stress distribution in the wingbox structure is computed using a finite beam element model. The Newton method is used to solve the coupled system. The sensitivities of the outputs, for example the wing drag, with respect to the inputs, for example the wing geometry, is computed by a Ali Elham [email protected] Michel J. L. van Tooren [email protected] 1 Faculty of Aerospace Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Delft, Netherlands 2 McNair Center for Aerospace Research and Innovation, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, USA combined use of the coupled adjoint method, automatic differentiation and the chain rule of differentiation. A gradient based optimization is performed using the proposed tool for minimizing the fuel weight of an A320 class aircraft. The optimization resulted in more than 10 % reduction in the aircraft fuel weight by optimizing the wing planfor
Communication strategies in social interaction between Arab and Iranian postgraduate students / Elham Shahban.
Get PDFAdvanced Directives in Older Adults with Dementia: Ethical Challenges and Advocacy Role of Nurses
No full textThis article has no abstract.
Corresponding Author: Elham Navab
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The comparison of alexithymia and self-consciousness in male and female adolescents
No full textAlexithymia, defined as a deficiency in consciousness or expression of emotions. The relationship between alexithymia subscales and self-consciousness components has rarely been investigated. So, the present study was designed and implemented to determine the status of self-consciousness and alexithymia as well as their relationship among Iranian adolescents. The present cross-sectional study was conducted using a descriptive-analytical approach on 480 14-19-year-old adolescent Followed by random sampling. They were asked to complete the demographic form, self-consciousness, and 20-item Toronto Alexithymia Scale. Statistical analyses were conducted using the K-2 Pearson, U-Mann-Whitney, Spearman correlation coefficient, and simple multiple linear regression tests. About one-third of the participants were suffering from alexithymia but no significant difference was observed between the two genders. Higher scores were achieved by girls in the subscale of difficulty in identifying feelings (20.07 ± 6.26 girls, 18.26 ± 4.97 boys, P = 0.001). However, boys (21.67 ± 3.60) received significantly higher scores in externally oriented thinking than girls (23.19 ± 3.21) (P ≤ 0.001). The mean of public and private subscale and the total score of self-consciousness skill (56.22 ± 9.32 for girls, 51.82 ± 10.00 for boys and significance level ≤ 0.001) were higher in girls than boys. However, the area of social anxiety (14.60 ± 6.50 for girls, 14.60 ± 5.72 for boys) had no statistically significant difference between the two sexes. Considering the observed gender differences in the areas of alexithymia and self-consciousness, it is necessary to carry out necessary screenings based on gender-based programs
Long-Range Surface Plasmon Polariton Active Structures Based on Optically-Pumped Dye-Doped Polymer Gain Media
No full textSolid state organic gain medium using optically-pumped dye molecules doped in a polymer host is considered as the top cladding of a long-range surface plasmon polariton (LRSPP) structure to enable active plasmonic devices with interesting applications operating in the near-infrared.The gain media is a thin film of PMMA (poly (methyl methacrylate)) doped with ~ 0.9 wt% organic dye molecules of IR-140 and is pump optically using 8 nsec laser pulses at 810 nm to enable stimulated emission by excited dye molecules to the LRSPP mode at ~ 880 nm.The gain media was modeled through rate equations for a four-level energy system, relating the small signal gain coefficient to the dye photo-physical parameters, dye concentration and pump irradiance. Distributed Bragg reflector (DBR) and distributed feedback (DFB) lasers were proposed using Bragg reflectors based on modulation of the metal stripe width, forming a stepped-in-width Bragg grating in the LRSPP waveguide. Single mode surface plasmon DFB and DBR lasers were designed at 882 nm, by applying coupled-mode theory and transfer matrix method (TMM).The IR-140 doped PMMA gain medium was experimentally characterized. The maximum available material gain was identified for various pump intensities and two possible pump polarization in the gain media using the variable stripe length (VSL) method. The maximum available material gain agreed well with the theoretical gain modeling performed previously.The DFB lasers and passive Bragg gratings were fabricated in the microfabrication laboratories at Center for Research in Photonics in University of Ottawa. Main fabrication processes included electron beam lithography to create stepped-in-width Bragg grating patterns with sharp corners and edges, with features as small as 150 nm.Passive Bragg gratings were successfully characterized by my colleague showing a clear dip in the transmittance spectra (~ 40%) at the designed Bragg wavelength 882 nm.DFB lasers were characterized and successfully demonstrated a highly narrowed (FWHM ~ 0.2 nm) single mode lasing peak at 882 nm. The mode profile from the DFBs’ output facet was captured by an infrared camera showing a tiny bright spot surrounded with dim spontaneous emission
Queer arab(ic) literature and its translational processes : the twenty-first-century queer novel by female and male arab authors
No full textCette thèse de doctorat entreprend une exploration rigoureuse de la vie de personnages queer, principalement homosexuels, représentés dans six romans arabes. Écrits par Elham Mansour, Seba Al-Herz, Samar Yazbek, Abdellah Taïa, Saleem Haddad et Muhammad Abdelnabi, ces romans remettent en question les normes profondément enracinées de la société arabe, qui se dresse comme un opposant intransigeant à la diversité sexuelle. Elle examine de manière critique comment ces personnages affirment leur identité homosexuelle au milieu de l’influence omniprésente de la culture, de la société et de l’islam, trois piliers qui façonnent considérablement leurs expériences et limitent leur capacité d’agir. L'étude de la langue arabe et de dialectes arabes permet de montrer comment ceux-ci sont utilisés pour marginaliser les personnes queer mais aussi comment ces dernières se réapproprient la langue et la transforme en un outil pour affirmer leur homosexualité.This PhD dissertation undertakes a rigorous exploration into the lives of queer characters, primarily homosexuals, depicted in six Arab(ic) novels. Authored by Elham Mansour, Seba Al-Herz, Samar Yazbek, Abdellah Taïa, Saleem Haddad, and Muhammad Abdelnabi, these novels challenge the deeply ingrained norms of Arab society, which stands an intransigent opponent of sexual diversity. It critically examines how these characters assert their homosexual identity amidst the pervasive influence of Arab culture, society, and Islam, three pillar that significantly shape their experiences and limit their agency. Furthermore, a central focus lies on the power of language, as these characters reclaim and transform stigmatizing Arabic and Arab dialects into a tool to affirm their homosexuality
The Arab state and women's rights: the trap of authoritarian governance
Get PDFResearchers studying gender politics in Arab societies have been puzzled by a phenomenon common in many Arab states – while women are granted suffrage rights, they are often discriminated against by the state in their private lives.
This book addresses this phenomenon, maintaining that the Arab state functions according to a certain ‘logic’ and ‘patterns’ which have direct consequences on its gender policies, in both the public and private spheres. Using the features of the Arab Authoritarian state as a basis for a theoretical framework of analysis, the author draws on detailed fieldwork and first-hand interviews to study women’s rights in three countries - Yemen, Syria, and Kuwait. She argues that the puzzle may be resolved once we focus on the features of the Arab state, and its stage of development.
Offering a new approach to the study of gender and politics in Arab states, this book will be of great interest to scholars and students of gender studies, international politics and Middle East studies
Kitbuġā und Lāǧīn : Studien zur Mamluken-Geschichte nach Baibars al-Mansūrī und an-Nuwairī / Shah Morad Elham
No full textZugl.: Freiburg i. Br., Univ., Diss., 1977Includes text in Arabic and in German translationText arab. und dt
Multi-fidelity wing aerostructural optimization using a trust region filter-SQP algorithm
No full textA trust region filter-SQP method is used for wing multi-fidelity aerostructural optimization. Filter method eliminates the need for a penalty function, and subsequently a penalty parameter. Besides, it can easily be modified to be used for multi-fidelity optimization. A low fidelity aerostructural analysis tool is presented, that computes the drag, weight and structural deformation of lifting surfaces as well as their sensitivities with respect to the design variables using analytical methods. That tool is used for a mono-fidelity wing aerostructral optimization using a trust region filter-SQP method. In addition to that, a multi-fidelity aerostructural optimization has been performed, using a higher fidelity CFD code to calibrate the results of the lower fidelity model. In that case, the lower fidelity tool is used to compute the objective function, constraints and their derivatives to construct the quadratic programming subproblem. The high fidelity model is used to compute the objective function and the constraints used to generate the filter. The results of the high fidelity analysis are also used to calibrate the results of the lower fidelity tool during the optimization. This method is applied to optimize the wing of an A320 like aircraft for minimum fuel burn. The results showed about 9 % reduction in the aircraft mission fuel burn
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