2,799 research outputs found
Conservation in an Islamic context a case study of Makkah
No full textThe Holy Qu’ rān contains many injunctions for Muslims to respect and conserve the natural environment but few address the built environment. Habitat at the time of the Prophet (PBOH) was in the vernacular and relatively impermanent. The first habitat was the cave, the second the tent and then simple flat roofed buildings of post and lintel construction made of mud and rubble. Later buildings were not indigenous but reflected the architectural styles and techniques of Muslim pilgrims from beyond the Arabian Peninsula. Permanent exotic buildings were later erected as reminders of holy places and events. This work advances a case to restore and preserve historic and religious sites in Makkah, Saudi Arabia. Makkah is the destination for millions of Muslim pilgrims who annually pay homage to Allah during the occasions of Hajj, Ramadan and Umra. The tranquillity and peaceful ambience that one associates with the holiest of Islamic experiences have, over the years, given way to jostling crowds of people who must be expediently housed, fed, transported, and protected. Due to the lack of planning and the insensitive but profitable development of the city, Makkah is in grave danger of becoming a bustling metropolis instead of a sanctuary where pilgrims gather to perform their religious rites and reaffirm their dedication to Allah. The author calls for professional planning and international cooperation to guide future development for this expanding and sensitive area. The author's ideas are grounded in practical and aesthetic study, therefore, the political, environmental and economic issues are examined in relationship to religious, historic and artistic values. The author makes proposals for a future Makkah that would provide pilgrims with the physical comforts, security, and serene environment they deserve—without destroying the city they came to visit. The author discusses preservation and conservation in the western world and the need for their acceptance in Muslim countries, the former being an aesthetic and intellectual concept sustained by law and the latter being the prescribed free expression of the individual unhindered by material considerations. Both worlds are rapidly being overwhelmed by materialism, but body, mind and spirit combine in making us aware of our surroundings and the way in what we see around us has come into being
Brevipalpus olearius Sayed 1950
No full text<i>Brevipalpus olearius</i> Sayed, 1950. <p>(Fig. 4 B).</p> <p> <i>Brevipalpus olearius</i> Sayed, 1950: 1018.</p> <p> <b>Material examined</b>: 2 females ex <i>Olea europea</i> L.(Oleaceae) <b>EGYPT:</b> Qalubia province, Moshtohor village, 30 <b>◦</b> 21'18"N, 31 <b>◦</b> 13'30"E, 19 May 2012, coll. A.M. Halawa; 2 females ex <i>Olea europea</i> L.(Oleaceae) <b>EGYPT</b>: Giza province, Dokki, 30 <b>◦</b> 02'6"N, 31 <b>◦</b> 13'30"E, 17 October 2012, coll. A.M. Halawa.; 1 female ex <i>Olea europea</i> L.(Oleaceae) <b>EGYPT</b>: El- Sharkia province, Enshas, 30 <b>◦</b> 23'6"N, 31 <b>◦</b> 27'18"E, 13 June, coll. M.M. Fawzy.</p> <p> <b>Remark.</b> The holotype of <i>Brevipalpus olearius</i> was found on <i>Olea europea</i> L in Egypt by Sayed (1950). Specimens collected in this study were compared with the holotype deposited at Plant Protection Research Institute (PPRI), Agricultural Research Center (ARC), Egypt.</p>Published as part of <i>Halawa, Alaa M. & Fawzy, Magdy M., 2014, A new species of Brevipalpus Donnadieu (Acari: Tenuipalpidae) and key to the Egyptian species, pp. 87-95 in Zootaxa 3755 (1)</i> on page 92, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3755.1.4, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/285474">http://zenodo.org/record/285474</a>
Reproductive and productive performance of rabbit does submitted to an oral glucose supplementation
No full textIn order to investigate the effect of different levels of oral glucose supplementation and/or reproductive method on productive
and reproductive performance of New Zealand White (NZW) doe rabbits in the tropic, 36 bucks and 120 doe NZW rabbits were
equally divided among four treatment groups (n59 bucks130 does). The treatments consisted of supplementing drinking
water with 0 (control), 2.5, 5 and 10 g glucose/l, respectively. To study the effect of reproduction method (natural v. artificial),
each group was divided into two sub-groups (naturally mated and artificially inseminated) with the same bucks of the same
treatment group. Glucose supplementation at 5 or 10 g/l of water increased ( P,0.01) litter weight at birth and at weaning,
and litter weight gain during the 4 weeks. However, glucose supplementation at 2.5 or 5.0 g/l water decreased ( P,0.01)
feed consumption from 7 to 14 days after delivery. Glucose supplementation at 2.5 g/l water did not affect productive and
reproductive performance of rabbits. Artificially inseminated does had higher daily litter weight gain between 21 and 28 days
post partum. Artificially inseminated group had better milk conversion during the 1st and 4th week as compared to naturally
mated groups. Compared with the control group, the economic efficiency and performance index of NZW rabbits was
significantly improved by 5 g glucose supplementation under tropic condition
Effect of Nursing Care Protocol on Nurses' Competency regards Children with Thalassemia
No full textAbstract: Thalassemia is estimated to affect one thousand children out of every 1.5 million live births in Egypt. Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of nursing care protocol on nurses' knowledge and practice provided to children with thalassemia. Design: A quasi-experimental (pre, post, and follow-up test) was used. Setting: This study was conducted in Pediatric Department at El Menoufia University Hospital, Egypt. Sample: A purposive 35 pediatric nurses providing care to children with thalassemia. Instruments: A structured interview questionnaire to assess nurses’ knowledge about thalassemia and an observational checklist to assess nurses’ practice provided to children with thalassemia. Results: A highly statistically significant difference was found between pre and post-tests and between post and follow-up tests. It noted that none of the studied nurses had competent nursing practice on the pre-test. Meanwhile, all of them (100%) had competent nursing practice on post-test. Also, a highly statistically significant positive correlation between total knowledge and total practice score. Conclusion: Nurses who received nursing care protocol had a higher level of knowledge and practice on post and follow-up tests compared to the pre-test. Recommendations: Continuous training program for developing nurses' knowledge and practices regarding nursing care protocol of thalassemia.
Keywords: Nursing care, Protocol, Competency of care, Children, Thalassemia.
Title: Effect of Nursing Care Protocol on Nurses’ Competency regards Children with Thalassemia
Author: Hanaa I. El Sayed, Hanaa M. Ahmed
International Journal of Novel Research in Healthcare and Nursing
ISSN 2394-7330
Vol. 9, Issue 2, May 2022 - August 2022
Page No: 40-58
Novelty Journals
Website: www.noveltyjournals.com
Published Date: 12-June-2022
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6635761
Paper Download Link (Source)
https://www.noveltyjournals.com/upload/paper/Effect%20of%20Nursing%20Care%20Protoco-12062022-2.pdfInternational Journal of Novel Research in Healthcare and Nursing, ISSN 2394-7330, Novelty Journals,
Website: www.noveltyjournals.co
Coupling effects of phosphorus fertilization source and rate on growth and ion accumulation of common bean under salinity stress
No full textMany agricultural regions in arid and semiarid climate zone need to deal with
increased soil salinity. Legumes are classified as salt-sensitive crops. A field
experiment was performed to examine the application of phosphorus (P) fertilizer
source and rate on growth, chlorophylls and carotenoid content, DNA and RNA
content and ion accumulation in common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) cultivated
under salinity stress. An experimental design was split-plot with three replicates.
The main plots included two P sources, namely single superphosphate (SP) and urea
phosphate (UP). The sub-plots covered four P rates, i.e., 0.0, 17.5, 35.0, and
52.5 kg P ha–1. All applied P fertilization rates, in both forms, increased plant height,
leaf area, dry weight of shoots and roots per plant, and total dry weight (TDW) in t
ha−1. The highest accumulation of N, P, K+, Mg2+, Mn2+, Zn2+, and Cu2+ was
determined in the shoot and root of common bean, while 35 kg of P per ha−1 was
used compared to the other levels of P fertilizer. The highest P rate (52.5 kg ha−1)
resulted in a significant reduction in Na+ in shoot and root of common bean.
The response curve of TDW (t ha–1) to different rates of P (kg ha–1) proved that the
quadratic model fit better than the linear model for both P sources. Under SP, the
expected TDW was 1.675 t ha–1 if P was applied at 51.5 kg ha–1, while under UP,
the maximum expected TDW was 1.875 t ha–1 if P was supplied at 42.5 kg ha–1.
In conclusion, the 35.0 kg P ha–1 could be considered the best effective P level
imposed. The application of P fertilizer as urea phosphate is generally more effective
than single superphosphate in enhancing plant growth and alleviating common bean
plants against salinity stress
On the positive definite solutions of nonlinear matrix equation X+A⋆ X−δA=Q
No full textAbstractIn this paper we consider the positive definite solutions of nonlinear matrix equation X+A⋆X−δA=Q, where δ∈(0,1], which appears for the first time in [S.M. El-Sayed, A.C.M. Ran, On an iteration methods for solving a class of nonlinear matrix equations, SIAM J. Matrix Anal. Appl. 23 (2001) 632–645]. The necessary and sufficient conditions for the existence of a solution are derived. An iterative algorithm for obtaining the positive definite solutions of the equation is discussed. The error estimations are found
Role and skills of the oncology nurse. an observational study
No full textThe importance of nursing competence arises from its central role in influencing and determining care outcomes. The employment of adequately educated staff, able to base clinical decisions on the best scientific evidence, is one of the components required for delivering high quality nursing care in the oncological field. The aim of this study is to analyze - through the Nurse Competence Scale - the level of competence of nurses working in oncological settings
Plantas medicinales en el antiguo Egipto
No full textTreballs Finals de Grau de Farmàcia, Facultat de Farmàcia, Universitat de Barcelona, 2015. Tutora: Anna Maria Carmona i Cornet.[spa] Este trabajo final de grado, es un breve estudio del uso de las plantas en el antiguo
Egipto , tratando de distinguir las que fueron usadas como medicamentos empíricos y
las plantas aromáticas que fueron destinadas a la fabricación de perfumes y cosméticos.
Algunas de ellas fueron usadas en el proceso de momificación y han sido localizadas en
las tumbas de los faraones. El trabajo se basa en la información obtenida del libro An
Ancient Egyptian Herbal de Lise Manniche, y su estudio comparativo con el de otras
fuentes bibliográficas, para ampliar y contrastar el estudio de los antiguos papiros,
fuente de información básica de este trabajo final de grado. Se describen algunas plantas
de aplicación terapéutica y se prosigue el estudio comparándolas con el Dioscórides
Renovado del Dr. Pio Font Quer, célebre botánico catalán. La trascripción del árabe al
latín ha sido esencial para el conocimiento y estudio de la materia médica vegetal,
animal y mineral. El contenido expuesto se ha hecho desde una visión global del
concepto de la salud y la enfermedad de la civilización egipcia como una lucha
constante entre el bien y el mal. Muchas fueron las ramas de la medicina que se
originaron en el Antiguo Egipto, una de las cuales fue la utilización de las plantas
medicinales, conocidas gracias a los papiros antiguos y que se dan a conocer en los
resultados y discusión, además de las conclusiones pertinentes y bibliografía específica
del tema en cuestión de este trabajo final de grado.[eng] This is the final work of my degree and is a brief study about the use of plants in
Ancient Egypt, trying to distinguish between the plants that were used for empirical
medicine and aromatic plants generally used for the production of perfumes and
cosmetics. Some of the last ones were also used for the mummification process and
could also be found in the graves of the Pharoahs. The work is mainly based on the
information obtained from 'An Ancient Egyptian Herbal' written by Lise Manniche and
is a comparative study with other bibliographic resources to expand and make a contrast
with the studies of ancient papyri. This is the main source of information given by this
academic study. It describes some plants with therapeutic application and continues the
study, comparing the information with Dioscórides Renovado written by Dr Pio Font
Quer, a famous Catalan botanist. The transcription from Arabic into Latin has been
essential for the knowledge and study of vegetable, animal and mineral medicine. The
contents started from a global vision of the concepts of health and sickness in the
Egyptian civilization as a constant struggle between good and evil. There were many
branches of medicine that had their origins in ancient Egypt. One of them was the use
of medicinal plants that were known thanks to the ancient papyri and they are disclosed
through the results and discussion and also through pertinent conclusions and the
specific bibliography that is included in this final work of my degree
Hyaluronic-Coated Albumin Nanoparticles for the Non-Invasive Delivery of Apatinib in Diabetic Retinopathy
No full textSalma El-Sayed Radwan,1 Amal El-Kamel,1 Eiman I Zaki,2 Susi Burgalassi,3 Erica Zucchetti,3 Riham M El-Moslemany1 1Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt; 2Department of Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt; 3Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Pisa, ItalyCorrespondence: Riham M El-Moslemany 1, Khartoum Square, Azarita, Alexandria, EgyptTel +11 201006020405Email [email protected]: Apatinib (Apa) is a novel anti-vascular endothelial growth factor with the potential to treat diabetic retinopathy (DR); a serious condition leading to visual impairment and blindness. DR treatment relies on invasive techniques associated with various complications. Investigating topical routes for Apa delivery to the posterior eye segment is thus promising but also challenging due to ocular barriers. Hence, the study objective was to develop Apa-loaded bovine serum albumin nanoparticles (Apa-BSA-NPs) coated with hyaluronic acid (HA); a natural polymer possessing unique mucoadhesive and viscoelastic features with the capacity to actively target CD44 positive retinal cells, for topical administration in DR.Methods: Apa-BSA-NPs were prepared by desolvation using glutaraldehyde for cross-linking. HA-coated BSA-NPs were also prepared and HA: NPs ratio optimized. Nanoparticles were characterized for colloidal properties, entrapment efficiency (EE%), in vitro drug release and mucoadhesive potential. In vitro cytotoxicity on rabbit corneal epithelial cells (RCE) was assessed using MTT assay, while efficacy was evaluated in vivo in a diabetic rat model by histopathological examination of the retina by light and transmission electron microscopy. Retinal accumulation of fluorescently labeled BSA-NP and HA-BSA-NP was assessed using confocal microscope scanning.Results: Apa-HA-BSA-NPs prepared under optimal conditions showed size, PdI and zeta potential: 222.2± 3.56 nm, 0.221± 0.02 and − 37.3± 1.8 mV, respectively. High EE% (69± 1%), biphasic sustained release profile with an initial burst effect and mucoadhesion was attained. No evidence of cytotoxicity was observed on RCE cells. In vivo histopathological studies on DR rat model revealed alleviated retinal micro- and ultrastructural changes in the topical HA-Apa-BSA-NP treated eyes with normal basement membrane and retinal thickness comparable to normal control and intravitreally injected nanoparticles. Improved retinal accumulation for HA-BSA-NP was also observed by confocal microscopy.Conclusion: Findings present HA-Apa-BSA-NPs as a platform for enhanced topical therapy of DR overcoming the devastating ocular complications of the intravitreal route.Keywords: retinopathy, apatinib, bovine serum albumin, hyaluronic, mucopenetration, active targetin
Regulation of matrix-metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9) in glomerular mesangial cells
No full textRemodeling of extracellular matrix (ECM) is an important physiologic feature of normal growth and development. In addition to this critical function in physiology many diseases have been associated with an imbalance of ECM synthesis and degradation. In the kidney, dysregulation of ECM turnover can lead to interstitial fibrosis, and glomerulosclerosis. The major physiologic regulators of ECM degradation in the glomerulus are the large family of zinc-dependent proteases, collectively refered to matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). The tight regulation of most of these proteases is accomplished by different mechanisms, including the regulation of MMP gene expression, the processing and conversion of the inactive zymogen by other proteases such as serine proteases and finally the inhibition of active MMPs by endogenous inhibitors of MMPs, denoted as tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs). Namely, the MMP-9 has been shown to be critically involved in the dysregulation of ECM turnover associated with severe pathologic conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis or fibrosis of lung, skin and kidney. In the present work I searched for a possible modulation of MMP-9 expression and/or activity in glomerular mesangial cells which are thought as key players of many inflammatory and non-inflammatory glomerular diseases. I found that various structurally different PPARalpha agonists such as WY-14,643, LY-171883 and fibrates potently suppress the cytokine-induced MMP-9 expression in renal MC. Furthermore, I demonstrate that the inhibition of MMP-9 expression by PPARalpha agonists was paralleled by a strong increase of cytokine-induced iNOS expression and subsequent NO formation, suggesting that PPARalpha-dependent effects on MMP-9 expression level primarily result from alterations in NO production which in turn reduces the MMP-9 mRNA half-life. Searching for the detailed mechanism of NO-dependent effects on MMP-9 mRNA stability, I found that NO either given from exogenous sources or endogenously produced increases the MMP-9 mRNA degradation by decreasing the expression of the mRNA stabilizing factor HuR. Furthermore, I demonstrate a reduction in the RNA-binding capacity of HuR containing complexes to MMP-9 ARE motifs in cells treated with NO. Since the reduction of HuR expression can be mimicked by the cGMP analog 8-Bromo-cGMP, I suggest that NO reduces in a cGMP-dependent manner the expression of HuR. Finally, I elucidated the modulatory effect of extracellular nucleotides, mainly ATP, on cytokine-triggered MMP-9 expression. Interestingly, I found that in contrast to NO, gamma-S-ATP the stable analog of ATP potently amplifies the IL-beta mediated MMP-9 expression. The increase in mRNA stability was paralleled by an increase in the nuclear-cytosolic shuttling of the mRNA stabilizing factor HuR. Furthermore, I demonstrate an increase in the RNA-binding capacity of HuR containing complexes to the 3'-UTR of MMP-9 by ATP. In summary, the data presented here may help to find new targets (posttranscriptional regulation) that could be used to manipulate or modulate the expression of not only MMP-9 but also other genes regulated on the level of mRNA stability.Umbauprozesse der Extrazellulären Matrix (ECM) spielen eine wichtige Rolle für normale Wachstums- und Entwicklungsprozesse. In der Niere kann der fehlerhafte Umsatz von ECM beispielsweise zur interstitiellen Fibrose und Glomerulosklerose führen. Zu den wichtigsten physiologischen Regulatoren des Abbaus von ECM im Glomerulus zählen die Zink-abhängigen Proteasen, die zur Familie der Matrixmetalloproteasen (MMPs) zusammengefasst werden. In der vorliegenden Arbeit untersuchte ich schwerpunktmässig nach Möglichkeiten die MMP-9 Expression und/oder MMP-Aktivität in glomerulären Mesangiumzellen zu verändern. Mesangiumzellen gelten als Hauptakteure von glomerulären Erkrankungen mit entzündlichen- als auch nicht entzündlichen Genese. Wie ich gezeigt habe, sind unterschiedliche PPARalpha Agonisten wie beispielsweise WY-14,643, LY-171883 und Fibrate in der Lage, die Zytokin-induzierte MMP-9 Expression in Mesangiumzellen potent zu hemmen. Weiterhin konnte von mir gezeigt werden, dass die Hemmung der MMP-9 Expression durch PPARalpha Aktivatoren mit einer Steigerung der iNOS Expression und der unmittelbaren Steigerung der NO Freisetzung einhergeht. Interessanterweise konvertieren die hemmenden Effekte der PPARalpha Aktivatoren in der Gegenwart eines iNOS Hemmstoffes zu einer massiven Verstärkung der Zytokin-induzierten MMP-9 Expression was darauf hinweist, dass die PPARalpha-vermittelten Effekte in erster Linie durch Veränderungen der NO Synthese hervorgerufen werden. Auf der Suche nach dem Mechanismus der NO-vermittelten Effekte auf die MMP-9 Expression konnte ich zeigen, dass sowohl exogen zugeführtes NO als auch über eine Induktion der iNOS entstandenes NO, in der Lage ist, den Abbau von MMP-9 mRNA durch eine Expressionshemmung des mRNA Stabilitätsfaktor HuR zu beschleunigen. In einem weiteren Projekt untersuchte ich, ob extrazellulären Nukleotide in der Lage sind, einen modulierenden Einfluss auf die Zytokin-induzierte MMP-9 Expression auszuüben. Ich konnte zeigen, dass das chemisch stabilisierte ATP-Analog gamma-S ATP im Unterschied zu NO in der Lage ist, den IL- 1beta vermittelten Anstieg der MMP-9 in potenter Weise zu verstärken. Der Anstieg der mRNA Stabilität korreliert mit einer Zunahme des Transports von HuR aus dem Zellkern in das Zytoplasma. Der verstärkte Export von HuR aus dem Zellkern war verbunden mit der verstärkten RNA Bindungsaffinität von HuR-haltigen Komplexen an AU-reiche Sequenzen innerhalb des 3'-untranslatierten Bereichs (3'-UTRs) des MMP-9 Gens. Zusammenfassend könnten die vorliegende Arbeit helfen, neue (posttranskriptionellen) Ansätzen zu finden, die eine spezifische Manipulation von MMP-9 und anderen auf Ebene der mRNA Stabilität regulierten Genen, ermöglichen
- …
