4,020 research outputs found
What medical students think about measurement of their well-being: cross-sectional survey and qualitative interviews
No full textObjectives: to find out how medical students think well-being should be measured.Design: a mixed-methods study comprising a cross-sectional online survey (November 2020–March 2021) and semi-structured online interviews. Views on the frequency of availability for measurement, the format, type and purpose of measurement, and with whom well-being should be discussed were measured. When an outcome was scored 7–9 on a 9-point Likert scale of agreement by ≥75% of participants it was considered critical. Inductive thematic analysis was undertaken on the interview transcripts.Setting: all medicine programmes at University of Southampton.Participants: medical students from all years took part in the survey (n=118) and interviews (n=16).Results: most participants (94%) felt able to give 5 min to measure their well-being at least once per month. Research, governance and individual feedback were all considered critically important. Only subjective assessments undertaken by the individual in real-time were rated critically important (78.1%) measurement tools. Students selected that they would discuss their well-being with other medical students (n=87) nearly as often as they selected a member of the faculty (n=104). Five interview themes further explained these findings: (1) well-being is mental well-being; (2) exercise and support from friends and family are most important; (3) isolation and the design of the medicine programme are detrimental to well-being; (4) there are advantages to surveys, and conversations; (5) personal academic tutors and medical students in later years are the best to discuss well-being with.Conclusions: medical students thought that measurement of their well-being was critically important for governance showing their support for quality assurance of well-being and peer support. They wanted to be able to choose surveys, or conversations, to measure their well-being, as well as the person they discussed well-being with. Four recommendations are discussed in light of these findings
Measuring wellbeing: a methodological systematic review of the challenges and controversies
No full textExploring decision-making performance in young adults with mental health disorders: a comparative study using the Cambridge Gambling Task
No full textBackground: decision-making deficits, assessed cognitively, are often associated with mental health symptoms, however, this relationship is not fully understood. This paper explores the relationship between mental health disorders and decision-making, using the Cambridge Gambling Task (CGT).Methods: our study investigated how decision-making varied across 20 different mental health conditions compared to controls in a sample of 572 young adults from the Minneapolis and Chicago metropolitan areas, using a computerised laboratory-based task.Results: almost all mental health conditions were associated with at least mild (i.e., at least small effect size) impairment in all three studied parameters of the CGT (risk adjustment, quality of decision-making and overall proportion of bet). Notably, binge eating disorder had the largest cognitive impairment and gambling disorder had moderate impairment. Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) was associated with impaired decision-making while obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and depression showed moderate impairment. Additionally, half of the disorders assessed had moderate to large impairment in risk adjustment.Conclusion: these findings suggest that mental health conditions may have a more complex cognitive profile than previously thought, and a better understanding of these impairments may aid in risk assessment and targeted clinical interventions. This study underscores the need for further research to determine the causal pathways between mental health conditions and cognition, as well as to better understand the day-to-day impact of such deficits.<br/
Raymond Williams and the limits of cultural materialism
No full textCultural materialism has become an influential discipline in recent
years, particularly so in 'Renaissance' studies, but also more generally in
'English', as well as departments defined as practising 'cultural' or
'communications' studies. The phrase is usually linked with the name of
Raymond Williams, but a cursory examination of Williams's own work
quickly establishes that it is a phrase he rarely uses, and only schematically
attempts to define. The thesis therefore takes the form of an investigation into
the way cultural materialism has come to be understood, by examining in
detail the trajectory of Raymond Williams's theoretical development, and how
his own engagement with various theoretical positions has helped to set
'limits' on the meaning of cultural materialism.
Chapters 1 and 2 deal with some of Williams's earliest work,
particularly Reading and Criticism, as a way of investigating how reasonable
it is to tag him as a 'Left-Leavisite', arguing that Leavis's undoubted
influence is resisted (though not entirely rejected) from a very early stage. The
first chapter considers in detail Leavis's work at Cambridge, the influence of
Eliot, and the significance of the 'Organic Community'. Chapter 2, which is
based around a comparative analysis of Williams's and Leavis's readings of
Dickens, argues that Williams rejects the 'organic community' in favour of his
'knowable community'. Chapters 4 and 5 deal with specific 'theoretical'
issues: the first, based around a reading of Terry Eagleton's critique of
Williams's use of the Marxist metaphor of 'base and superstructure', shows
some of the problems which arise from Williams's cultural model, as well as
suggesting refinements; the second deals with the influence of Volosinov's
theories on Williams. Chapter 6 comes out of Williams's readings of the
'Country-House' poems in The Country and the City, showing how his
practice of literary criticism relies on an acceptance of 'ideology' apparently
denied in his more 'theoretical' writings. This analysis is extended as a result
of investigations into the 'De L'Isle' manuscripts relating to the Penshurst
estate. Chapter 7 argues that it is possible to see the work of Fredric Jameson
as developing Williams's cultural materialism into Jameson's debates on
postmodernism.
In the Introduction and Conclusion, I have taken the opportunity to
look briefly at the activity of cultural materialism as it has developed since
Raymond Williams's death in 1988. The Introduction emphasizes what I see
to be important methodological differences between 'cultural materialism'
and 'new historicism'; the Conclusion deals with the continuing debate over
the value of a cultural materialist approach by considering the 'appropriation'
of Shakespeare
Raymond Gervais : 3 x 1
No full text"Raymond Gervais 3 X 1 traces and elucidates the important or little-known moments in the practice of Raymond Gervais, an artist who has explored the notion of the aural imagination since the mid 1970s. An erudite author, Gervais joins forces here with Nicole Gingras, a researcher and curator interested in what connects sound, image, and words. The first major publication on the work of a conceptual artist questioning whether thought is acoustic" -- p. [4] of cover
Special announcement from Raymond R. Best, Raymond R., Director of the Tule Lake camp, Japanese = 特別告示
No full textJapanese translation of a special announcement from Raymond R. Best, Raymond R., Director of the Tule Lake camp regarding permanent leave from the segregation center.The Kiyoshi Uyekawa Tule Lake Camp Collection comprises of the wartime publications collected by Kiyoshi Uyekawa while incarcerated in the Tule Lake camp, such as Tule Lake newsletters and bulletins, materials issued by the Pro-Japanese group, Sokoku Hoshidan (or Hoshi Dan), WRA publications, his family's incarceration documents, which include documents regarding his and his wife, Mitsuye‘s repatriation, his fictional works’ manuscripts, bulletins and manuscripts of haiku poems authored by the members of the haiku societies incarcerated in the camps, and letters from Kyo Koide, who was a prominent figure in the community as a photographer, physician, and poet under the pseudonym, Banjin Koide
Shanxi (China), red soil basin around Qin Xian
No full textTopography in the red soil basin around Chinchow.Image is part of research conducted by Raymond T. Moyer for the article: Agricultural Soils in a Loess Region of North China
Author(s): Raymond T. Moyer
Source: Geographical Review, Vol. 26, No. 3 (Jul., 1936), pp. 414-425
Published by: American Geographical Society
Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/209047http://www.jstor.org/stable/209047Grayscal
Shanxi (China), profile of soils
No full textProfile of soils of the Gray Brown Subgroup, showing zone of accumulation.Image is part of research conducted by Raymond T. Moyer for the article: Agricultural Soils in a Loess Region of North China
Author(s): Raymond T. Moyer
Source: Geographical Review, Vol. 26, No. 3 (Jul., 1936), pp. 414-425
Published by: American Geographical Society
Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/209047http://www.jstor.org/stable/209047Grayscal
Shanxi province (China), people irrigating from a well on the Taiyuan plain
No full textIrrigating from a well on the Taiyuan Plain.Image is part of research conducted by Raymond T. Moyer for the article: Agricultural Soils in a Loess Region of North China
Author(s): Raymond T. Moyer
Source: Geographical Review, Vol. 26, No. 3 (Jul., 1936), pp. 414-425
Published by: American Geographical Society
Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/209047http://www.jstor.org/stable/209047Grayscal
Shanxi (China), cross-section of soil and fossil profiles in Shouyang basin
No full textA cross-section of soil materials and fossil profiles in a "loess" hill of the Shouyang Basin.Image is part of research conducted by Raymond T. Moyer for the article: Agricultural Soils in a Loess Region of North China
Author(s): Raymond T. Moyer
Source: Geographical Review, Vol. 26, No. 3 (Jul., 1936), pp. 414-425
Published by: American Geographical Society
Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/209047http://www.jstor.org/stable/209047Grayscal
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