6,566 research outputs found
The child first and always: the registered children's nurse over 150 years. Part one
No full textIn the second part of their paper, Alan Glasper and Imelda Charles-Edwards trace the demise of the single direct entry RSCN and the challenges facing supporters of children's nursing today
R134a flow boiling heat transfer in small diameter tubes
No full textCopyright @ 2007 RT Edwards Inc.Boiling heat transfer in small diameter tubes has been experimentally investigated using R134a as the working fluid. The heat transfer periments were conducted with two stainless steel tubes of internal diameter 4.26 mm and 2.01 mm respectively. Other parameters were varied in the range: mass flux 100 – 500 kg/m2s; pressure 8 – 14 bar; quality up to 0.9; heat flux 13 - 150 kW/m2. The heat transfer coefficient was found to be independent of vapour quality when the quality was less than about 40% to 50% for the 4.26 mm tube and 20% to 30 % for the 2.01 mm tube. Above these quality values, the heat transfer coefficient decreases with vapour quality. Furthermore, at high heat flux values this decrease occurs for the entire quality range. The heat transfer rates were compared with existing correlations.
Ethics and children’s rights: learning from past mistakes
No full textThe primary aim of this article is to examine, within the context of recent controversial child health practice and research, the underlying philosophy of the aspect of the Nursing and Midwifery Council’s Code of Professional Conduct which states that: ‘You are personally accountable for ensuring that you promote and protect the interests and dignity of patients and clients, irrespective of gender, age, race, ability, sexuality, economic status, lifestyle, culture and religious or political belief.’ A description of the Nuremberg Code, the Helsinki Declaration, the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child, and the Human Rights Act 1998 will form the backdrop to this article and a range of contemporary examples will be used to illuminate the ethical dilemmas facing children’s nurses in their day-to-day work. Within this context the four major principles that underpin healthcare ethics will be investigated and the legacy of historical unethical practice and research acknowledged. The vulnerability of children and their families to potential coercion, and the role of local research ethics committees, will be discussed
Reverend Seth Carlyle Edwards
No full textReverend Seth C. Edwards was an Episcopal priest at The Church of the Redeemer and Walnut Grove, Oklahoma City, 1943-1948. He is best known for being the founder and director of the Walnut Grove Neighborhood Center. The center provided recreation, social case work, remedial education and counseling services in the under-privileged area of Oklahoma City. He also ministered to Langston University students for the diocese, trying to establish an Episcopal mission. The Walnut Grove Neighborhood Center was Oklahoma Diocese's first work dedicated to serving the poor and marginalized youth of Oklahoma. Rt. Reverend Thomas Casady, Bishop of The Episcopal Diocese of Oklahoma, praised Reverend Edwards' work and dedication in establishing Walnut Grove while serving at The Church of the Redeemer. A mission was never formally established before Reverend Edwards left Oklahoma for a teaching post at Cuttington College and Divinity School in Liberia. He became the President of Cuttington College and later founded a theological school in Monrovia for priests
'Heavy to carry': a survey of parent/caregiver and healthcare professionals' perceptions of cancer-related fatigue in children and young people.
No full textCancer-related fatigue is a prevalent, but often under-recognized, symptom with the potential to impact the lives of both the child and the family. There is little known about the biological and the behavioral dimensions of fatigue, and not about the patterns of this symptom. The aim of this study was to investigate cancer-related fatigue from the perspective of parents of children and young people with cancer and from the perspective of healthcare professionals (HCPs) and to examine its impact on quality of life. A cross-sectional, questionnaire-based survey was undertaken with parents of patients attending 4 of the 22 United Kingdom Childhood Cancer Study Group centers; HCPs from 20 of these centers were also surveyed. Response rates were 42% for parents and caregivers (95/224) and 35% for HCPs (235/679). Results showed that fatigue was prevalent. Fifty-six percent of HCPs thought "most" or "all" patients experienced moderate fatigue; 57% of parents said that the patient experienced fatigue at least once a week. Data demonstrate that fatigue was perceived to be a significant problem by parents and HCPs. Healthcare professionals indicated that the mean percentage of patients who experience fatigue, to whom they recommended a treatment, was 29%. Rest and relaxation were recommended by the majority (59%; 138). The overall impression is that both HCPs and parents acknowledge that children and young people are likely to experience fatigue. Recognition of the significance of this symptom is a crucial first step in improving future management and offering strategies that can help both child and famil
Fatigue in adolescents with and following a cancer diagnosis: developing an evidence base for practice.
No full textAlthough fatigue has been a focus for research in adult cancer care for some time, the same cannot be said for adolescent
oncology practice. This paper summarises the literature concerning fatigue in adolescents with, and following, cancer diagnoses, drawing on data from four empirical studies. Fatigue is multidimensional, multifactorial and highly subjective, but can be managed to enhance self-caring and coping strategies. All of the studies reviewed within indicate that fatigue is a troublesome symptom, which impacts on quality of life. From this review, we set up a research study. This paper provides a brief report of preliminary data from this study drawn from a group of adolescents in late remission from childhood cancer. These data are used to evaluate the utility of focus groups as a method of data collection in exploring the concept of fatigue in adolescents. Concurring with the studies we reviewed, findings from the preliminary data suggest that fatigue is a highly subjective and ‘abnormal’ phenomenon that holds a variety of implied meanings and associated metaphors connected with past experiences of childhood cancer. The focus group proved to be a viable research method to facilitate mutual disclosure and provoke discussion. Recognition of the research challenges
with adolescents, where there is the potential for a range of meanings for the experience of fatigue, is an important finding for future studies
Effectiveness of intermediate care in nursing-led in-patient units
No full textPatients who suffer an acute illness and are admitted to hospital are often admitted into an acute care ward with many services provided. But while recovering from the illness they may not need those intense services and will need to prepare to go home. Nursing led inpatient units, which are managed by nurses as opposed to physicians, have been designed to prepare patients for home. Ten studies, including over 1800 patients, were analysed to determine if patients sent to a nursing led inpatient unit benefited or at least fared no worse than patients in a unit providing usual care. Compared to usual care, patients in nursing led inpatients units functioned better and experienced greater well-being; more patients were discharged home and not to an institution after about 3 months (but not after 6 months); fewer were readmitted back into hospital soon after discharge; but they stayed in hospital longer. The number of deaths during stay in hospital and 3 to 6 months after discharge was similar between the units (but there was a trend for more deaths early while in nursing led inpatients units that needs to be researched further). It is still not known whether nursing led inpatient units save money - studies in the United Kingdom found them more expensive than usual care units but studies in the United States found them cheape
A time for international standards?: Comparing the Emergency Nurse Practitioner role in the UK, Australia and New Zealand
No full textThe aim of this paper is to compare the Emergency Nurse Practitioner (ENP) role in the UK, Australia and New Zealand. Whilst geographically distant, the role of the ENP within these three countries shares fundamental similarities, causing us to question, is this a time to implement international standards for the role? The ENP role in all three countries is gradually establishing itself, yet there are shared concerns over how the role is regulated and deficits in standardisation of scope of practice and educational level. Together these issues generate confusion over what the ENP role embodies. One method of demystifying the ENP role would be to progress towards international standards for regulation, education and core components of practice
Estimation of the computational cost of the CSIDH algorithm on supersingular twisted and quadratic Edwards curves
No full textРозглянуто властивості скручених та квадратичних суперсингулярних кривих Едвардса, що утворюють пари квадратичного кручення з порядком над простим полем. Наведено модифікацію алгоритму CSIDH, побудованого на ізогенії цих кривих замість традиційної арифметики кривих у формі Монтгомері. Розраховані та табульовані параметри цих двох класів суперсингулярних кривих Едвардса при , на ізогеніях яких наведено приклад реалізації алгоритму CSIDH як схеми не інтерактивного поділу секрету на основі секретних і відкритих ключів Аліси і Боба. Показано, что последовательности параметров цепочек изогений соответственно для квад-ратичных и скрученных суперсингулярных кривых Эдвардса имеет реверсный характер на пе-риоде последовательности. Предложен рекуррентный алгоритм вычисления координат точек, образующих ядра изогений нечетных степеней, рассмотрена его реализация в различных коор-динатных системах. Дан сравнительный анализ стоимости вычислений параметра изогенной кривой с использованием W-координат Фарашахи-Хоссейни и классических проективных координат (X:Y:Z).The properties of twisted and quadratic supersingular Edwards curves that form pairs of quadratic torsion with order over a prime field are considered. A modification of the CSIDH algorithm based on the isogenies of these curves instead of the traditional arithmetic of curves in the Montgomery form is presented. The parameters of these two classes of supersingular Edwards curves are calculated and tabulated for , on the isogenies of which an example of the implementation of the CSIDH algorithm as a non-interactive secret sharing scheme based on the secret and public keys of Alice and Bob is given..It is shown that the sequence of parameters of chains of isogenies for quadratic and twisted supersingular Edwards curves, respectively, has a reverse character on the period of the sequence. A recurrent algorithm for calculating the coordinates of points that form the kernels of isogenies of odd degrees is proposed, and its implementation in various coordinate systems is considered. A comparative analysis of the cost of calculating the parameter of the isogenic curve using the Farashakhi-Hosseini -coordinates and classical projective coordinates is given(X:Y:Z)is given
Radioactive reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR) analysis of strain SSB318 complemented with wt or C238/C239
No full text<p><b>Copyright information:</b></p><p>Taken from " and investigation of bacterial type B RNase P interaction with tRNA 3′-CCA"</p><p></p><p>Nucleic Acids Research 2007;35(6):2060-2073.</p><p>Published online 13 Mar 2007</p><p>PMCID:PMC1874595.</p><p>© 2007 The Author(s)</p> PCR products were analyzed on a 10% polyacrylamide/8 M urea gel. Lanes 1–30: total RNA from SSB318 complemented with wt (lanes 1–4 and 13-16), C238 (lanes 5–8, 17–20 and 25–30) or C239 (lanes 9–12 and 21–24) grown at 37°C in the absence of IPTG and in the presence of 2% xylose (w/v); amounts of total RNA were 200 ng in lanes 1–24, 26 and 29, 100 ng in lanes 25 and 28, and 400 ng in lanes 27 and 30. P : presence (+) or absence (−) of a xylose-inducible plasmid-encoded gene. Lanes 1–12 and 25–27: primers specific for ; lanes 13–24 and 28–30: primers specific for the mRNA encoding ribosomal protein S18 (S18). AMV: presence (+) or absence (−) of reverse transcriptase. For details on RT-PCR, see the Material and Methods section. Lanes 25–30 document that the amount of RT-PCR product was sensitive to RNA template concentration. The figure illustrates a representative experiment, but the results shown here were reproduced in five individual experiments using three independent total RNA preparations
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