73 research outputs found
Obtuse, Flitting by, and Nevertheless There – Image Archives in Practice
No full textOver the past thirty years, the status of the archive as well as the state of what we call “documentary” have dominated discussions in and around photography. Although it is now commonplace to presume the objectifying gesture of documentary photography, the complex question of how, as a working artist/photographer, to approach the archive has not yet been adequately addressed. The purpose of this research is to raise questions about how, after the critique of the documentary image, the artist/photographer addresses, indeed, finds the archive. I am starting with the assumption that the archive is not only a place of storage but also a place of production, where our relation to the past is materialised and where our present writes itself into the future; thus, accordingly, I understand the archive as a place of negotiation and writing.
After the problems of the archive have been identified theoretically, the practice in the archive still encounters challenges and contradictions. This project explores those difficulties that remain within the practice in and around the archive, even after the critique has been stated. It is not about simply extending the critique, but finding an archive and the practice with it.
I am approaching these questions as a practitioner. As an artist and photographer, I am concerned with two practices in relation to archives: working with existing archives, and making work that will itself be archived. The point raised by those two activities is not to find or create another institutional archive per se, but to develop an archival practice in which the set of problems that the archives produce is in fact part of the process one engages in. Hence the work is a theoretical and practical set of experiments that may never be complete and conclusive
Ethnic identity, political identity and ethnic conflict: simulating the effect of congruence between the two identities on ethnic violence and conflict
No full textThis thesis outlines and presents an alternative hypothetical process to the emergence of ethnic conflict. Ethnic conflicts, rather than being dependent upon pre-existing 'ancient hatreds', are instead the result of a congruence between ethnic and political identity which grants individuals the ability to use ethnicity to identify and eliminate political threats. This hypothesis is formed by the examination of three case studies of ethnic conflict: Lebanon, Northern Ireland and Croatia. This hypothesis is then formalised and tested using an agent based simulation in which agent interactions are dependent upon ethnic and political identity and the congruence between the two. As predicted there was a strong positive correlation between how accurately ethnic identity reflected political identity and the level of ethnically motivated violence in the simulation, although the relationship was not linear. Furthermore the effect of a shift in congruence was found to be roughly comparable to the effect of initialising agents with a moderate level of pre-existing ethnic antagonism
User Feedback Intelligence: On the Automated Processing of User Feedback
No full text<p>Summary of Artifacts<br>These artifacts accompany the "User Feedback Intelligence: On the Automated Processing of User Feedback" chapter within the chapter within the "Handbook of Natural Language Processing for Requirements Engineering" book. The book chapter includes a "Use Cases" section where natural language processing (NLP) techniques are applied to user feedback from various sources [1, 2]. The Jupyter Notebooks in this replication package can be used to follow along with the use cases in the chapter.</p>
<p>Author and Article Details<br>Prof. Dr. Walid Maalej (Universität Hamburg) - [email protected]</p>
<p>Volodymyr Biryuk (Universität Hamburg) - [email protected]</p>
<p>Jialiang Wei (IMT Mines <span>Alès</span>) - [email protected]</p>
<p>Fabian Panse (Hasso-Plattner-Institut) - [email protected]</p>
<p>Please cite this work as:</p>
<p>Maalej W, Biryuk V, Wei J, Panse F. of Part, "User Feedback Intelligence: On the Automated Processing of User Feedback" in "Handbook of Natural Language Processing for Requirements Engineering", 1st Edition, Ferrari A, Deshpande G. Eds. Springer Nature Switzerland AG, Cham, Switzerland, 2024, to appear.</p>
<p>Title of Chapter: "User Feedback Intelligence: On the Automated Processing of User Feedback"</p>
<p>Abstract of the Chapter: User feedback is becoming an increasingly important source of information for requirements engineering, user experience design, and software engineering in general. User feedback is nowadays largely avail- able and easily accessible online, in social media, product forums, or app stores. Over the last decade, research has shown that user feedback can help software teams a) to identify, reproduce, and fix defects faster, b) to get inspirations and ideas about new features and product improvements, and c) to better understand how users actually are using the products and what their opinions, priorities, and workarounds for specific features or components are. However, to tap the full potential of feedback, there are two main chal- lenges that need to be solved. First, software vendors must deal with the large quantity of feedback data, which is hardly manageable manually. Second, vendors also must deal with the varying quality of feedback as some items might be written in a slang language, uninformative, repet- itive, or simply wrong. This chapter summarizes and discuss how data mining, machine learning, and natural language processing (NLP) tech- niques can be used to cope with the quantity and quality challenges—for an effective analysis and actionable usage of user feedback in software and requirements engineering.</p>
<p>[1] Stanik, C., Häring, M., Maalej, W.: Classifying multilingual user feedback using traditional machine learning and deep learning. In: 27th IEEE International Requirements Engineering Conference Workshops, RE 2019 Workshops, Jeju Island, Korea (South), September 23-27, 2019. pp. 220–226. IEEE (2019).<br>[2] Wei, J., Courbis, A., Lambolais, T., Xu, B., Bernard, P., Dray, G.: Zeroshot bilingual app reviews mining with large language models. In: 35th IEEE International Conference on Tools with Artificial Intelligence, ICTAI 2023, Atlanta, GA, USA, November 6-8, 2023. pp. 898–904. IEEE (2023).</p>
Performance Evaluation of Semi-Precast Reinforced Concrete Slabs Under Flexural Load
No full textThis study aims to evaluate the flexural performance of semi-precast reinforced concrete slabs incorporating steel lattice girders as internal reinforcement. The objective is to investigate the influence of geometric and material parameters such as precast slab thickness, lattice girder height, top chord diameter, concrete compressive strength, and the addition of steel or glass fibers on overall flexural capacity and deformation behavior. Thus, previous studies have shown that replacing conventional cast-in-situ slabs with semi-precast systems can reduce total construction costs by 43–70%. Thirteen semi-precast slabs and one control slab were tested under four-point bending, and a nonlinear finite element model was developed in ABAQUS to simulate the experimental response. The analysis focused on load–deflection behavior, strain distribution, and failure modes. Results indicated that increasing slab thickness and chord diameter enhanced stiffness and load-bearing capacity, while higher concrete strength and fiber reinforcement improved crack control and reduced deflection. The FEM model demonstrated strong agreement with experimental results, validating its reliability for predicting structural performance. This study extends previous research by integrating a broad experimental parameter range with a validated ABAQUS finite element model, providing new insights into the structural optimization and cost efficiency of semi-precast slab systems. The proposed semi-precast system exhibited ductile behavior and achieved savings in formwork and labor cost compared with conventional flat slabs, offering a practical and sustainable alternative for efficient concrete construction
HYDRONE: The Unmanned Fire-Fighting Multi-Vehicle
No full textAE3200 - Design Synthesis ExerciseAerospace Engineerin
Distributed Cooperative Sensing in Cognitive Radio Networks: An Overlapping Coalition Formation Approach
No full textCooperative spectrum sensing has been shown to yield a significant performance improvement in cognitive radio networks. In this paper, we consider distributed cooperative sensing (DCS) in which secondary users (SUs) exchange data with one another instead of reporting to a common fusion center. In most existing DCS algorithms, the SUs are grouped into disjoint cooperative groups or coalitions, and within each coalition the local sensing data is exchanged. However, these schemes do not account for the possibility that an SU can be involved in multiple cooperative coalitions thus forming overlapping coalitions. Here, we address this problem using novel techniques from a class of cooperative games, known as overlapping coalition formation games, and based on the game model, we propose a distributed DCS algorithm in which the SUs self-organize into a desirable network structure with overlapping coalitions. Simulation results show that the proposed overlapping algorithm yields significant performance improvements, decreasing the total error probability up to 25% in the Q(m) + Q(f) criterion, the missed detection probability up to 20% in the Q(m)/Q(f) criterion, the overhead up to 80%, and the total report number up to 10%, compared with the state-of-the-art non-overlapping algorithm.Engineering, Electrical & ElectronicTelecommunicationsSCI(E)[email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected]
Author Correction: Octyl itaconate enhances VSVΔ51 oncolytic virotherapy by multitarget inhibition of antiviral and inflammatory pathways
No full textCorrection to: Nature Communicationshttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-024-48422-x, published online 15 May 2024 The original version of this Article omitted from the author list the 28th author Rozanne Arulanandam, who is from the ‘Ottawa Hospital Research Insitute, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8L6, Canada’. Consequently, the following was added to the Author Contributions: ‘R.A. performed the revision experiments on cell lines shown in Figures 1 and 2, in particular, the virus titration and GFP measurements of virus infection in CT26wt and 76-9 with 4OI.’ The original version of this Article omitted funding details to R.L. The following was added to the Acknowledgements: ‘This research was supported by grants to R.L. from the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR) (PJT-169663).’ These have been corrected in both the PDF and HTML versions of the Article.<p/
Effect of alkali activated limestone-silica fume blended precursor on performance enhancement of recycled aggregate concrete
No full textThe utilization of Recycled Aggregates (RA) from Construction and Demolition (C&D) waste, has been reported to be an efficient way of dealing with the environmental issues encountered by our planet nowadays. However, due to the poor quality of RA, its incorporation in high – grade civil engineering applications been limited. It is essential that adequate process of treatment methods be incorporated into the production of RA to enhance its properties and optimize its use. This study is carried out to determine the effects of an alkaline NaOH activated by limestone powder (LSP) and silica fume (SF) to improve the properties of various concrete mixes produced with either recycled concrete aggregate (RCA), or recycled cement block aggregate (CBA). Fifteen mixes were designed to examine the effects of different parameters, RA replacement levels, various w/c ratios and different enhancement methods on the properties of recycled aggregate concrete (RAC). The study examined the effects of the proposed enhancement method on the physical characteristics of RCA and CBA. Compressive strength, splitting tensile strength, flexural strength, pull-out, and water absorption of the different concrete mixes were measured to determine the effectiveness of the enhancement method proposed. The enhanced RAC produced by CBA and RCA showed an increased 28-day compressive strength at 0.35 w/c ratio of up to 51 MPa and 44 MPa, respectively, suitable for structural applications. The flexural strength, tensile splitting strength, and bonding strength values at 0.35 w/c ratio of the enhanced RAC produced with treated CBA were 28%, 6%, and 8% higher than that of the RAC produced with treated CBA. Whereas, the flexural strength, tensile strength, and bonding strength of the enhanced RAC produced with treated RCA were 1%, 3%, and 5% higher compared to the RAC produced with treated RCA. The improved mechanical performance of the enhanced RAC produced by CBA or RCA was attributed to the effects of the geopolymer solution treatment in filling and sealing the voids and gaps on the CBA and RCA surface, leading to a better packed structure, reducing the water absorption, and improving the aggregate impact value. The treatment technique proposed can be a powerful tool for promoting the use of RA in the construction industry and expanding its application
Lateral Displacement Behavior of IBS Precast Concrete Elements Reinforced with Dual System
No full textThroughout history, the construction industry has been a significant contributor to construction waste, presenting an ongoing challenge in efficiently managing this waste to mitigate environmental pollution. The Industrialized Building System (IBS) stands out as a construction approach that utilizes prefabricated components made from various waste materials, implemented with machinery and formwork, leading to minimal waste production. The potential failure of IBS blockwork columns under lateral loads is a significant concern, and the deformation of these columns is crucial in assessing overall structural performance against lateral forces. This study focuses on examining the deformation and flexibility of components in IBS blockwork columns when subjected to lateral loads. Using Finite Element Modeling (FEM), a 1:5 scale prototype model of the dual-reinforced system IBS Block Work Column is analyzed. The IBS Block Work Column, comprising four prefabricated components assembled in the form of a crucifix plan to enhance lateral stability, is subjected to FEM analysis and experimental investigations. The study aims to explore the impact of four different shapes of reinforcement on deformation resistance. The findings suggest that employing a dual-reinforced system in the IBS Block Work Column enhances its resistance to lateral loads compared to a column with conventional reinforcement. Moreover, the assembled IBS Block Work Column exhibits greater stiffness than a single prefabricated component when subjected to lateral loads. Doi: 10.28991/CEJ-2024-010-01-020 Full Text: PD
Assessment of Arab Export Competitiveness in International Markets using Trade Indicators
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