197,940 research outputs found
The impact of alcoholism on cognitive function decline in older adults
No full textUvod: Prekomerno uživanje alkohola je v Sloveniji velik javnozdravstveni problem, pojavnost prekomernega uživanja alkohola narašča tudi med starejšimi odraslimi. Dolgotrajen in nezdravljen alkoholizem pogosteje vodi do kognitivnega upada in demence. Blag ali hujši kognitivni upad se lahko pojavi na posameznem področju kognitivnih funkcij, medtem ko lahko druga kognitivna področja ostanejo nespremenjena. Namen: Namen diplomskega dela je raziskati vpliv alkoholizma na upad kognitivnih funkcij in ugotoviti, katera kognitivna področja so pri starejših odraslih najbolj prizadeta, ter opredeliti, kakšno vlogo ima medicinska sestra pri ozaveščanju o škodljivih učinkih alkohola. Metode dela: Uporabljena je bila deskriptivna metoda dela s kritičnim branjem znanstvene in strokovne literature. Izključitveni kriteriji so bili siva literatura, plačljivi članki, neskladje vsebine članka z naslovom diplomskega dela. V pregled literature je bilo vključenih 11 člankov, ki so bili objavljeni med letoma 2012 in 2022, ustrezna kakovost člankov pa je bila analizirana s pomočjo programa Critical Appraisal Skills Programme. Rezultati: Vpliv alkoholizma je v raziskavah največkrat povezan z upadom kognitivnih funkcij na področju spomina in izvršilnih funkcij ter splošnim kognitivnim upadom. Kognitivne funkcije so bistveno bolj prizadete pri prekomernem uživanju alkohola v primerjavi z zmernim uživanjem, slabši rezultati na kognitivnih testih pa so povezani z daljšo dobo uživanja alkohola, krajšim obdobjem abstinence in tudi z nižjo vrednostjo kognitivnih sposobnosti na testih v izhodiščni točki. Razprava in zaključek: Alkoholizem ima vpliv na upad kognitivnih funkcij, vendar se rezultati raziskav med seboj razlikujejo zaradi več dejavnikov, kot so spol, starost, količina in vzorec zaužite pijače, izobrazba, ekonomski status in pridružene bolezni. Javnozdravstveni problem alkoholizma se tiče celotne družbe, veliko vlogo pri prepoznavi in zmanjševanju problema pa ima primarno zdravstveno varstvo in kot del tima tudi medicinska sestra, predvsem na področju preventive. Pomembna in priporočljiva je uporaba presejalnih testov in ozaveščanje javnosti o problemu. Alkoholizem in prekomerno uživanje alkohola (i)reverzibilno okvari kognitivne funkcije, pri zmernem uživanju alkohola pa se mnenja avtorjev razlikujejo. Ukrepa pri preprečevanju posledic alkohola sta abstinenca in odgovorno uživanje alkohola. Priporočljivo bi bilo izvesti raziskavo na področju Slovenije in pridobiti vpogled v povezavo ter stanje alkoholizma in kognitivnega upada pri starejših odraslih.Introduction: Alcoholism is a public health problem in Slovenia and the incidence of excessive consumption of alcohol among the elderly is increasing. Long-term and untreated alcoholism often leads to cognitive decline and dementia. Mild or sever cognitive decline may occur in one specific cognitive domain, while other domains may remain intact. Purpose: The purpose of the thesis is to investigate the impact of alcoholism on cognitive function decline, to identify which domains are most affected in older adults, and to define the role of a nurse in raising awareness of the harmful effects of alcohol. Methods: A descriptive method of work with a review of professional and scientific literature was used. The exclusion criteria were grey literature, articles that need to be paid, inconsistency between the content of the article and the title of the thesis. The literature review included eleven papers published between 2012 and 2022 and the relevant quality of the articles was analyzed using the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme. Results: The impact of alcoholism is most associated with cognitive decline in memory, executive functions, and global cognitive decline. Cognitive function is significantly more affected by excessive alcohol consumption compared to moderate alcohol consumption, poorer cognitive test scores are associated with long-term alcohol use, short-term abstinence, and lower cognitive performance scores at baseline. Discussion and conclusion: Alcoholism has an impact on cognitive decline, but research results vary due to several factors such as gender, age, amount and pattern of alcohol consumption, education, economic status, and comorbidity. The public health problem of alcoholism affects the whole of society, and a significant role in identifying and reducing the problem is played by primary health care and a nurse as part of the team, especially in the area of prevention. The use of screening tests and raising public awareness is important and recommended. Alcoholism and excessive alcohol consumption (i)reversibly impairs cognitive functions, but opinions differ on moderate alcohol consumption. Measures to prevent the consequences of alcohol are linked to abstinence and responsible drinking. It would be advisable to conduct research in Slovenia and gain insight into the relationship and statistics of alcoholism and cognitive decline in older adults
Supersymmetry tests from a combined analysis of chargino and charged Higgs boson pair production at a 1-TeV Linear Collider
No full text5 pages, 3 figures, talk given by H. Eberl at the 12th International Conference on Supersymmetry and Unification of Fundamental Interactions (SUSY 2004), Tsukuba, Japan, June 17-23, 2004We consider the production of chargino, neutralino and charged Higgs boson pairs at future linear colliders for c. m. energies in the one TeV range within the MSSM. We compute the leading (double) and next-to leading (linear) supersymmetric logarithmic terms of the so-called "Sudakov expansion" at one-loop level. We show that a combined analysis of the slopes of the chargino, neutralino, and charged Higgs boson pair production cross sections would offer a simple possibility for determining \tan\beta for large (\gsim 10) values, and the parameters M_1, M_2, and \mu. This test could provide a strong consistency check of the considered supersymmetric model
Travelling Waves in a PDE-ODE Coupled Model of Cellulolytic Biofilms with Nonlinear Diffusion
No full textWe analyze travelling wave (TW) solutions for nonlinear systems consisting of an ODE coupled to a degenerate PDE with a diffusion coefficient that vanishes as the solution tends to zero and blows up as it approaches its maximum value. Stable TW solutions for such systems have previously been observed numerically as well as in biological experiments on the growth of cellulolytic biofilms. In this work, we provide an analytical justification for these observations and prove existence and stability results for TW solutions of such models. Using the TW ansatz and a first integral, the system is reduced to an autonomous dynamical system with two unknowns. Analysing the system in the corresponding phase-plane, the existence of a unique TW is shown, which possesses a sharp front and a diffusive tail, and is moving with a constant speed. The linear stability of the TW in two space dimensions is proven under suitable assumptions on the initial data. Finally, numerical simulations are presented that affirm the theoretical predictions on the existence, stability, and parametric dependence of the travelling waves.K. Mitra and S. Sonner would like to thank the Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek (NWO) for their support through the Grant OCENW.KLEIN.358. K. Mitra is further supported by Fonds voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek (FWO) through the Junior Postodoctoral Fellowship. J. Hughes is supported by the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council (NSERC) of Canada. H. Eberl acknowledges the financial support received from the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC) through a Discovery Grant (RGPIN-2019-05003) and a Research Tools and Infrastructure Grant (RTI-2019-00317). We also thank C.J. van Duijn for fruitful discussions on stability, and the referees for their careful reading of the manuscript and valuable comments
An unconventional TRAIL to cancer therapy
No full textCellular immunotherapy offers novel, safe, and effective routes to treating cancer. However, approaches utilizing cytotoxic CD8+ T cells are hampered by the need to identify suitable target antigens that are expressed by tumor cells but not healthy tissues, and that are recognized with sufficient affinity. Most importantly, the applicability of CD8+ T-cell-based therapies is governed by the MHC restriction of tumor-specific epitopes, thereby limiting the potential benefit to patients carrying the appropriate MHC haplotype. Alternative approaches to harness the immune system against tumors exploit non-MHC-restricted γδ T cells that recognize stress-induced changes in transformed cells. A new report in this issue of the European Journal of Immunology [Eur. J. Immunol. 2013. 43: 3175–3182] shows that human γδ T cells efficiently kill lung cancer cells through recognition of the NKG2D ligand ULBP2 and secretion of soluble TRAIL. This finding provides new evidence for a TCR-independent cytotoxicity of γδ T cells and supports their promising potential for non-MHC-restricted immunotherapies
M. Breitenstein, S. Burkhardt, J. Dücker, Innovation in Klöstern und Orden des Hohen Mittelalters (Immo Eberl)
No full text
Dr. Duane M. Jackson, Morehouse College, July 2011
No full textThis video is a conversation with Dr. Duane M. Jackson. Dr. Jackson talks about his paper, "Recall and the Serial Position Effect: The Role of Primacy and Recency on Accounting Students' Performance." Jackie Daniel, AUC Woodruff Library, is the interviewer
Testing soft electroweak SUSY breaking from neutralino, chargino, and charged Higgs boson pairs production at linear colliders
No full text"Reflections on the subject of Emigration from Europe with a view to Settlement in the United States" By M. Carey.
No full text"Reflections on the subject of Emigration from Europe with a view to Settlement in the United States: containing bried sketches of the moral and political character of those states.
By M. Carey, member of the American philosophical, and of the American Antiquarian Society, and author of The Olive Branch, Cindiciae Hibernicae, essays on banking, on political economy, and on internal improvement.
To which are now added the English editor's comments on the subject; together with Important Advice to Emigrants, and Cautions Against Impositions Practiced in the Outports
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