22 research outputs found
THE IMPACT OF ANTIDEPRESSANT USES ON COMMUNITY-DWELLING OLDER ADULTS IN THE US
No full textMental health is a vital component of the overall well-being across the lifespan and is the third leading cause of disability globally. One in seven US adults aged 65 or older reported some anxiety and/or depression symptoms, but one in four older adults use some antidepressants and the prescriptions were steadily increasing. This study investigated the impact of antidepressant uses focusing on discontinuation of antidepressants and the risk of medication resumption, inconsistency of antidepressant prescription, and increased healthcare uses by self-reported anxiety and depression symptoms among community-dwelling older adults in the US. Our study conducted a longitudinal study using Medicare Current Beneficiary Survey (MCBS) data from 2015 to 2019. We included beneficiaries aged 65 years or older with information of anxiety, depression, and part D prescription drug benefits. Anxiety and depression symptoms were self-reported with Generalized Anxiety Disorder questionnaire (GAD-2) and Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-8). Survival analysis, logistic regression, and zero-inflated Poisson regression were used for the analysis. We identified 18,567 older adults in our cohort with at least one year follow-up. The median duration of continuous medication was 90 days. However, about 30% of patients had a treatment duration of 30 days or shorter and 30% for 181 days or more. Older adults with less than 30 days of continuous treatment were half as likely to resume the medications compared to those with 91-180 days of treatment. On the other hand, 1,837 (11.2%) of older adults reported any anxiety symptoms, 1,405 (8.6%) reported either depression or loss of interest. Older adults with at-risk anxiety received 41% and at-risk depression received 51% more antidepressant prescriptions. The overall hospitalization rate was 11% and the emergency department (ED) visit rate was 13%. Older adults reporting loss of interest had a 27% higher hospitalization rate and 29% higher risk of ED visits. Who took antidepressants for \u3e90 days had a 17% lower hospitalization rate than those with a duration of ≤ 90 days. Symptoms and treatment of anxiety and depression are varied among older adults. Healthcare providers should give careful consideration for screening and treating older adults for anxiety and depression
Prevalence of suicidal ideation and attempted suicide amongst women and girls in South Asia: A systematic review and meta-analysis
No full textA growing body of literature suggests an increased risk of suicidal ideation and attempted suicide among women and girls in South Asia. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to appraise the current evidence and estimate the prevalence of suicidal ideation and attempted suicide in this population. We systematically searched nine (9) bibliographic databases (PubMed, ASU, Embase, WoS, CINAHL, PsycInfo, PsycArticles, HSNE, and NAHC) and additional sources through December 17, 2021, for studies that reported the prevalence of suicidal ideation or attempted suicide. Random-effect models were used to estimate pooled prevalence.Of 30 eligible studies, 27 reported suicidal ideation and 12 reported attempted suicide. The pooled prevalence of overall suicidal ideation and attempted suicide were 17% (95% CI:14.00–20.00, n = 39674) and 5% (95% CI: 4.00–7.00, n = 20791), respectively. Thirteen studies enrolled adult women from the general population, nine recruited adolescent girls, and eight recruited female medical/university students. The pooled estimate of suicidal ideation was higher among adults, whereas attempted suicide was found to be higher among adolescents. These findings on suicidal ideation and attempted suicide suggest a heavy epidemiological and psychosocial burden among South Asian women and girls that necessitates a gender-sensitive integrated multi-sectoral approach
Correction: Prevalence of anemia in diabetes mellitus in South Asia: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
No full text[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0285336.]
Prevalence of anemia in diabetes mellitus in South Asia: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
No full textObjectiveAnemia and Diabetes Mellitus (DM) are amongst major clinical and public health challenges in South Asia that influence the progression of chronic health problems in this population. Despite a growing body of research on these problems, there is a lack synthesized evidence on the burden of anemia among people with DM in this region. This meta-analytic review was conducted to estimate the prevalence of anemia among people with DM in South Asia.MethodsA systematic search of the literature was conducted in five primary databases and additional sources up to July 29, 2022, that reported the prevalence of anemia among DM patients in any of the eight South Asian countries. Observational studies that met pre-determined eligibility criteria according to the protocol registered in PROSPERO (CRD42022348433) were included in this meta-analysis. Random effect models were used to estimate pooled prevalence.ResultsOf the 40 eligible studies, 38 underwent meta-analysis representing 14,194 participants with DM. The pooled prevalence of anemia was 45% (95% CI: 37.0-54.0, I2 = 99.28%, p = 0.00) among diabetic people in South Asia. In sub-group analysis, the pooled prevalence of anemia was higher in females (48%, 95% CI: 37.0-60.0, I2 = 98.86%, p = 0.00) compared to males (39%, 95% CI: 29.0-48.0, I2 = 98.18%, p = 0.00). Diabetic patients with older age (≥ 50 years) reported higher pooled estimates of anemia (48%, 95% CI: 38.0-58.0, I2 = 99.07%) than younger age group (ConclusionHigh pooled estimates of anemia among diabetic patients in South Asia, including publication bias, warrants further clinical and public health research following standard research methods to understand the more context-specific epidemiological insights and evidence
Mental health interventions for older adults in South Asia: A scoping review
No full textBackground: Mental health (MH) among older adults is becoming a growing public health concern in South Asia due to constant changing in population dynamics caused by declining fertility and increasing life expectancy. This scoping review aims to explore and summarize available evidence about MH interventions evaluating their impact on geriatric mental disorders and highlight gaps and areas in future research.
Method: We searched six electronic databases and additional sources for observational/experimental studies evaluating the impact on geriatric mental health in eight countries in the South Asia region.
Results: From a total of 3432 potential articles that were retrieved, 19 were included in this review following pre-determined eligibility criteria. Across studies, MH interventions can be broadly categorized into the following types – 1) traditional yoga, Ayurveda, or other meditative movements, 2) behavioral, occupational, or learning-based interventions, 3) few digital or tech-based interventions, 4) music therapy, 5) evaluation of a new Healthcare model. The evidence is predominantly based on India, whereas only three articles are identified from Pakistan. No evidence is found from other six South Asian countries. Depression and anxiety are the most frequent MH outcomes, followed by quality of life, cognitive function, self-esteem, physical performance, and many other components.
Conclusion: Handful of evidence on MH intervention in South Asia indicates a lack of acknowledgment that may develop a serious paucity in geriatric MH practice. Future researchers are encouraged to conduct empirical studies to understand disease burden, including associated factors of geriatric MH, which may help to construct contextually appropriate MH interventions
Search strategies.
No full textObjectiveAnemia and Diabetes Mellitus (DM) are amongst major clinical and public health challenges in South Asia that influence the progression of chronic health problems in this population. Despite a growing body of research on these problems, there is a lack synthesized evidence on the burden of anemia among people with DM in this region. This meta-analytic review was conducted to estimate the prevalence of anemia among people with DM in South Asia.MethodsA systematic search of the literature was conducted in five primary databases and additional sources up to July 29, 2022, that reported the prevalence of anemia among DM patients in any of the eight South Asian countries. Observational studies that met pre-determined eligibility criteria according to the protocol registered in PROSPERO (CRD42022348433) were included in this meta-analysis. Random effect models were used to estimate pooled prevalence.ResultsOf the 40 eligible studies, 38 underwent meta-analysis representing 14,194 participants with DM. The pooled prevalence of anemia was 45% (95% CI: 37.0–54.0, I2 = 99.28%, p = 0.00) among diabetic people in South Asia. In sub-group analysis, the pooled prevalence of anemia was higher in females (48%, 95% CI: 37.0–60.0, I2 = 98.86%, p = 0.00) compared to males (39%, 95% CI: 29.0–48.0, I2 = 98.18%, p = 0.00). Diabetic patients with older age (≥ 50 years) reported higher pooled estimates of anemia (48%, 95% CI: 38.0–58.0, I2 = 99.07%) than younger age group (I2 = 98.83%). In addition, we found variation in pooled prevalence estimates of anemia considering the type of DM, such as type 1 reported 2% (95% CI: 0.00–4.00), type-2 reported 48% (95% CI: 40.0–56.0, I2 = 98.94%), and Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) reported 6% (95% CI: 3.00–12.0).ConclusionHigh pooled estimates of anemia among diabetic patients in South Asia, including publication bias, warrants further clinical and public health research following standard research methods to understand the more context-specific epidemiological insights and evidence.</div
Meta-regression of study-characteristics associated with heterogeneity.
No full textMeta-regression of study-characteristics associated with heterogeneity.</p
Characteristics of included studies (n = 19).
No full textObjectiveMental health problems among older adults are becoming a growing public health concern in South Asia due to continued changes in population dynamics caused by declining fertility rates and increasing life expectancy. This scoping review aimed to explore and summarize evidence about mental health interventions and their impacts on geriatric mental health and highlight gaps and areas for future research.MethodsWe searched six electronic databases and additional sources for experimental/non-experimental studies evaluating the effectiveness of geriatric mental health interventions in eight countries in the South Asia region from the date of inception of each database up to August 5, 2022. Following the preliminary screening, we extracted data from the eligible articles using a Microsoft Excel data extraction worksheet. We followed Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) guidelines for this scoping review and reported evidence adhering to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) checklist.ResultsFrom a total of 3432 potential articles retrieved, 19 were included in this review following pre-determined eligibility criteria. Across studies, mental health interventions can be broadly categorized into the following types– 1) traditional Yoga, Tai chi, or other meditative movements; 2) behavioral, occupational, or learning-based interventions; 3) tech-based interventions; 4) music therapy; and 5) new healthcare model. The evidence was predominantly based on India (n = 16), whereas three articles were identified from Pakistan. No article was found from six other South Asian countries. Depression and anxiety were the most frequent mental health outcomes, followed by quality of life, cognitive function, self-esteem, physical performance, and many more.ConclusionAlthough limited, this review found various interventions that have varying effects on different geriatric mental health outcomes. A handful of evidence on mental health intervention in South Asia indicates a lack of acknowledgment that may develop a serious paucity of geriatric mental health practice. Therefore, future researchers are encouraged to conduct empirical studies to understand disease burden, including associated factors of geriatric mental health, which may help to construct contextually appropriate mental health interventions in this region.</div
Egger’s test for assessing publication bias.
No full textObjectiveAnemia and Diabetes Mellitus (DM) are amongst major clinical and public health challenges in South Asia that influence the progression of chronic health problems in this population. Despite a growing body of research on these problems, there is a lack synthesized evidence on the burden of anemia among people with DM in this region. This meta-analytic review was conducted to estimate the prevalence of anemia among people with DM in South Asia.MethodsA systematic search of the literature was conducted in five primary databases and additional sources up to July 29, 2022, that reported the prevalence of anemia among DM patients in any of the eight South Asian countries. Observational studies that met pre-determined eligibility criteria according to the protocol registered in PROSPERO (CRD42022348433) were included in this meta-analysis. Random effect models were used to estimate pooled prevalence.ResultsOf the 40 eligible studies, 38 underwent meta-analysis representing 14,194 participants with DM. The pooled prevalence of anemia was 45% (95% CI: 37.0–54.0, I2 = 99.28%, p = 0.00) among diabetic people in South Asia. In sub-group analysis, the pooled prevalence of anemia was higher in females (48%, 95% CI: 37.0–60.0, I2 = 98.86%, p = 0.00) compared to males (39%, 95% CI: 29.0–48.0, I2 = 98.18%, p = 0.00). Diabetic patients with older age (≥ 50 years) reported higher pooled estimates of anemia (48%, 95% CI: 38.0–58.0, I2 = 99.07%) than younger age group (I2 = 98.83%). In addition, we found variation in pooled prevalence estimates of anemia considering the type of DM, such as type 1 reported 2% (95% CI: 0.00–4.00), type-2 reported 48% (95% CI: 40.0–56.0, I2 = 98.94%), and Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) reported 6% (95% CI: 3.00–12.0).ConclusionHigh pooled estimates of anemia among diabetic patients in South Asia, including publication bias, warrants further clinical and public health research following standard research methods to understand the more context-specific epidemiological insights and evidence.</div
PRISMA 2020 checklist.
No full textObjectiveAnemia and Diabetes Mellitus (DM) are amongst major clinical and public health challenges in South Asia that influence the progression of chronic health problems in this population. Despite a growing body of research on these problems, there is a lack synthesized evidence on the burden of anemia among people with DM in this region. This meta-analytic review was conducted to estimate the prevalence of anemia among people with DM in South Asia.MethodsA systematic search of the literature was conducted in five primary databases and additional sources up to July 29, 2022, that reported the prevalence of anemia among DM patients in any of the eight South Asian countries. Observational studies that met pre-determined eligibility criteria according to the protocol registered in PROSPERO (CRD42022348433) were included in this meta-analysis. Random effect models were used to estimate pooled prevalence.ResultsOf the 40 eligible studies, 38 underwent meta-analysis representing 14,194 participants with DM. The pooled prevalence of anemia was 45% (95% CI: 37.0–54.0, I2 = 99.28%, p = 0.00) among diabetic people in South Asia. In sub-group analysis, the pooled prevalence of anemia was higher in females (48%, 95% CI: 37.0–60.0, I2 = 98.86%, p = 0.00) compared to males (39%, 95% CI: 29.0–48.0, I2 = 98.18%, p = 0.00). Diabetic patients with older age (≥ 50 years) reported higher pooled estimates of anemia (48%, 95% CI: 38.0–58.0, I2 = 99.07%) than younger age group (I2 = 98.83%). In addition, we found variation in pooled prevalence estimates of anemia considering the type of DM, such as type 1 reported 2% (95% CI: 0.00–4.00), type-2 reported 48% (95% CI: 40.0–56.0, I2 = 98.94%), and Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) reported 6% (95% CI: 3.00–12.0).ConclusionHigh pooled estimates of anemia among diabetic patients in South Asia, including publication bias, warrants further clinical and public health research following standard research methods to understand the more context-specific epidemiological insights and evidence.</div
