79,789 research outputs found
Implementation of EUDAP project at a population level: the EU-Dap 2 Project. Final Technical Report 2010
No full text"Unplugged," a European school-based program for substance use prevention among adolescents: overview of results from the EU-Dap trial.
No full textThe EU-Dap study aimed to develop and evaluate a school-based curriculum for the prevention of substance use among young people. The school curriculum, "Unplugged," is based on social influence approach and addresses social and personal skills, knowledge, and normative beliefs. It consists of 12 one-hour interactive sessions delivered by teachers. Its effectiveness was evaluated through a randomized trial involving 7,079 pupils of seven European countries. Unplugged was effective in reducing cigarette smoking, episodes of drunkenness, and the use of cannabis at short term. This association, however, was confined to boys, with age and self-esteem as possible explanations of this difference. Beneficial effects associated with the program persisted at fifteen-month follow-up for drunkenness, alcohol-related problems, and cannabis use, and were stronger among adolescents in schools of average low socioeconomic level. These results are of scientific importance and may inform the adoption of effective public health interventions at population level
Is universal prevention against youths' substance misuse really universal? Gender specific effects in the EU-Dap school-based prevention trial
No full textBackground: Studies of effectiveness of school-based prevention of substance misuse have generally overlooked gender differences. The purpose of this work was to analyse gender differences in the effectiveness of a new European school-based curriculum for prevention of substance misuse among adolescents.
Methods: The European Drug Abuse Prevention (EU-Dap) trial took place in seven European countries during the school year 2004–05. Schools were randomly assigned to either a control group or a 12-session standardised curriculum (“Unplugged”) based on a comprehensive social influence model. The analytical sample consisted of 6359 students (3324 boys and 3035 girls). The use of cigarettes, alcohol and illicit drugs, adolescents’ knowledge and opinions about substances, as well as social and personal skills were investigated through a self-completed anonymous questionnaire administered at enrolment and 3 months after the end of the programme. Adjusted Prevalence Odds Ratios were calculated as the measure of association between the intervention and behavioural outcomes using multilevel regression modelling.
Results: At enrolment, boys were more likely than girls to have used cannabis and illicit drugs, whereas girls had a higher prevalence of cigarette smoking. At the follow-up survey, a significant association between the programme and a lower prevalence of all behavioural outcomes was found among boys, but not among girls. Age and self-esteem emerged as possible modifiers of these gender differences, but effects were not statistically significant.
Conclusions: Comprehensive social influence school curricula against substance misuse in adolescence may perform differently among girls and boys, owing to developmental and personality factors
Testing anonymous link procedures for follow-up of adolescents in a school-based trial: The EU-DAP pilot study
No full textA cluster randomized controlled trial of school-based prevention of tobacco, alcohol and drugs use: The EU-Dap design and study population
No full textThe effectiveness of a school-based substance abuse prevention program: 18-Month follow-up of the EU-Dap cluster randomized controlled trial
No full textAIM:
To evaluate the effectiveness of a school-based substance abuse prevention program developed in the EU-Dap study (EUropean Drug Addiction Prevention trial).
MATERIALS AND METHODS:
Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial. Seven European countries participated in the study; 170 schools (7079 pupils 12-14 years of age) were randomly assigned to one of three experimental conditions or to a control condition during the school year 2004/2005. The program consisted of a 12-h curriculum based on a comprehensive social influence approach. A pre-test survey assessing past and current substance use was conducted before the implementation of the program, while a post-test survey was carried out about 18 months after the pre-test. The association between program condition and change in substance use at post-test was expressed as adjusted prevalence odds ratio (POR), estimated by multilevel regression models.
RESULTS:
Persisting beneficial program effects were found for episodes of drunkenness (any, POR=0.80; 0.67-0.97; frequent, POR=0.62; 0.47-0.81) and for frequent cannabis use in the past 30 days (POR=0.74; 0.53-1.00), whereas daily cigarette smoking was not affected by the program as it was at the short-term follow-up. Baseline non-smokers that participated in the program progressed in tobacco consumption to a lower extent than those in the control condition, but no difference was detected in the proportion of quitters or reducers among baseline daily smokers.
CONCLUSION:
The experimental evaluation of an innovative school curriculum based on a comprehensive social influence approach, indicated persistent positive effects over 18 months for alcohol abuse and for cannabis use, but not for cigarette smoking
Unplugged, an effective school-based program for the prevention of substance use among adolescents. Eudap Final Technical Report n.1
No full textResults of the evaluation of a school-based program for the prevention of substance use among adolescents. Eudap Final Technical Report n.2
No full textEffects of a school-based prevention program on European adolescents' pattern of alcohol use.
No full textPurpose: School-based substance abuse prevention programs are widespread but are rarely evaluated in
Europe. We aimed to evaluate the effect of a new school-based prevention program against substance use on
the frequency of alcohol consumption and alcohol-related problem behaviors among European students.
Methods: During the school year 2004–2005, a total of 7,079 students aged 12–14 years from 143 schools in
seven European countries participated in this cluster randomized controlled trial. Schools were randomly
assigned to either control (65 schools, 3,532 students) or to a 12-session standardized program based on the
comprehensive social influence model (78 schools, 3,547 students). Alcohol use and frequency of alcoholrelated
problem behaviors were investigated through a self-completed anonymous questionnaire at baseline
and 18 months thereafter. The association between intervention and changes in alcohol-related outcomes
was expressed as odds ratio (OR), estimated by multilevel regression model.
Results: The preventive program was associated with a decreased risk of reporting alcohol-related problems
(OR.78, 95% confidence intervals [CI].63–.98), although this reduction was not statistically significant in
the subgroup of 743 current drinkers at baseline. The risk for alcohol consumption was not modified by
exposure to the program (OR.93, 95% CI.79 –1.09). In the intervention group, nondrinkers and occasional
drinkers at baseline progressed toward frequent drinking less often than in the control group.
Conclusions: School curricula based on the comprehensive social-influence model can delay progression to
frequent drinking and reduce occurrence of alcohol-related behavioral problems in European students. These
results, albeit moderate, have potentially useful implications at the population level
The effectiveness of a school-based substance abuse prevention program: EU-Dap cluster randomised controlled trial
No full textOBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effectiveness of the school-based drug abuse prevention program developed in the EU-Dap study (EUropean Drug Abuse Prevention trial) in preventing the use of tobacco, alcohol and drugs at the post-test.
METHODS: Cluster Randomised Controlled Trial. Seven European countries participated in the study; 170 schools (7079 pupils 12-14 years of age) were randomly assigned to one of three experimental conditions or to a control condition during the school year 2004/2005. A pre-test survey assessing past and current substance use was conducted before the implementation of the program. The program consisted in 12-hour class-based curriculum based on a comprehensive social-influence approach. A post-test survey was carried out in all participating schools, 3 months after the end of the program. The association between program condition and change in substance use at post-test was expressed as adjusted Prevalence Odds Ratio (POR), estimated by multilevel regression model.
RESULTS: Program effects were found for daily cigarette smoking (POR=0.70; 0.52-0.94) and episodes of drunkenness in the past 30 days (POR=0.72; 0.58-0.90 for at least one episode, POR=0.69; 0.48-0.99 for three or more episodes), while effects on Cannabis use in the past 30 days were of marginal statistical significance (POR=0.77; 0.60-1.00). The curriculum was successful in preventing baseline non-smokers or sporadic smokers from moving onto daily smoking, but it was not effective in helping baseline daily smokers to reduce or stop smoking.
CONCLUSION: School curricula based on a comprehensive social-influence model may delay progression to daily smoking and episodes of drunkenness
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