1,721,005 research outputs found
MAINSTREAMING DI GENERE NEL MANAGEMENT DI UNIVERSITÀ ED ENTI PUBBLICI DI RICERCA
No full textAvvio della riflessione sulle azioni specifiche necessarie per attuare i cambiamenti strategici indispensabili affinché sia realizzata la parità tra i generi, attraverso azioni positive nella politica delle risorse umane, nella gestione del rapporto lavorativo, nella conciliazione dei tempi di vita e di lavoro e nella organizzazione e amministrazione degli Atenei ed enti di ricerca
Primo Seminario di approfondimento e formazione per i Dirigenti Scolastici regionali: Gender Mainstreaming nella Scuola
No full textImmunotechniques for epidemiology of malaria: appropriate tools for integration of primary health care with malaria research and control
No full textCommunity-based malaria control with integrated primary health care appears to be the most feasible approach for endemic countries in their struggle against malaria. To plan and implement personal protection and vector control measures, there is the need for comprehensive information about local modes of transmission. Experience with insecticide-based vector control programmes and entomological data accumulated over the years has revealed vector systems of extraordinary heterogeneity, creating multifaceted transmission situations. The primary health care-system offers an appropriate structure to collect and evaluate microepidemiological information countrywide. Community and health workers trained and supervised by qualified personnel could be involved in the assessment of clinical, parasitological and entomological indices. Community participation is facilitated if personnel are taught the use of immunotechniques. Tests can be performed on dried material which allows samples to be stored for months without refrigeration, so that transport to and processing in a central laboratory are not subject to time constraints. This paper describes and discusses enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays to determine if antibodies to sporozoites are present in blood collected as dried spots and to identify the origin of bloodmeals using dried mosquito abdomens
Azadirachta indica as a public health tool for the control of malaria & other vector-borne diseases.
Full text linkNeem-based products from Azadirachta indica have been successfully used for biological control of pest insects, mites, fungi and soil-borne nematodic root parasites.
A large amount of scientific evidence is available
on the potential of A. indica as a source for the
development of human and animal health products.
The authors champion the potential of neem-based products for the control of malaria in endemic countries, where these products are traditionally used. Neem-based larvicides and/or insecticides could complement other malaria control interventions in an integrated approach
Il risarcimento del danno ambientale: quanto vale un'aquila reale?
No full textL'articolo illustra le metodologie più comunemente usate per la valutazione del danno ambientale, analizzando le difficoltà di una traduzione in pratica di tale metodologie, con particolare riferimento all'ambito del bracconaggio
Introduction to, and evaluation of immunoassays in a malaria research institute in Tanzania
No full textVarious immunoassays have been introduced into, and evaluated at, the Amani Medical Centre in north-east Tanzania. These include immunoblotting to identify mosquito bloodmeals, immunoradiometric and immunoenzymatic assays to assess the presence of circumsporozoite protein in mosquitoes, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays to measure antibodies to circumsporozoite antibody in people. The assays were shown to be reliable and practicable for use in the study of malaria epidemiology
The use of impregnated curtains does not affect antibody responses against Plasmodium falciparum and complexity of infecting parasite populations in children from Burkina Faso
Full text linkAbstract
In Burkina Faso, where malaria is hyper-endemic and transmission intensity is very high, the majority of malaria-related morbidity and mortality occurs in children less than 5 years of age. A control measure such as the use of insecticide-treated curtains (ITC) significantly reduces transmission of malaria infection. Concerns remain whether reduced transmission intensity may lead to a delay in the development of immunity in younger children and even to a partial loss of already acquired immunity. In this study, the levels of P. falciparum-specific IgG subclasses, the number of infecting parasite clones determined by PCR-based
genotyping of the msp2 gene and the parasite density were analysed in 154 asymptomatic children (3–6 years) living in 16 villages (8 with and 8 without ITC) in the vicinity of Ouagadougou, the capital of Burkina Faso. In addition, the parasite inhibitory effects of Ig fractions, prepared from selected children, in co-operation with normal human monocytes were studied. Blood samples from asymptomatic ITC-users showed a significant decrease in P. falciparum prevalence as well as in parasite density. However, no significant difference was observed in P. falciparum-specific antibodies or in parasite multiplicity of infection between the two
groups. Furthermore, Ig fractions from children of both groups showed similar levels of inhibitory activity against autologous parasite growth both on their own and in co-operation with monocytes.
© 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Keywords: Wild isolate of P. falciparum; Insecticide-treated curtains; Immunit
Genetic differentiation at the 3'UTR of PROS-Ag25: a cDNA homologue of Drosophila melanogaster proteasome subunit PROS-Dm25 in the malaria vector Anopheles gambiae
No full textThe Anopheles gambiae cDNA encoding the homologue of the Drosophila melanogaster proteasome PROS-Dm25 was identified and analysed in terms of nucleotide sequence, and chromosomal localisation. In the 3' untranslated region, a GA-rich sequence was mapped which was found to be widely polymorphic among taxa belonging to the A. gambiae complex
Soil contamination with eggs from Nematodes of zoonotic potential.
No full textToxocara canis, zoonotic nematodes, a problem of metropolitans only? Human infections with Toxocara canis occur in the Marche Region. The Toxocara canis infection rate is twice as high in rural than urban dogs. An important proportion of dogs are used to defecate in the peridomestic environment (house surroundings, garden, kennel) . The aims of the study were to assess environmental contamination in rural areas of the Marche region with eggs from Toxocara spp. and other zoonotic nematodes, to estimate the potential risk of infection for the population. Sixty farms were randomly selected
out of 810 situated in the Camerino sanitary district. Six faecal samples and two soil samples were collected in each farm. The presence of helminth eggs in faecal (2-5g) and soil (250g) samples was revealed by a floatation technique based on a sugar-NaNO4 solution. This study revealed a high contamination of the rural environment with nematodes of zoonotic potential. The 52% prevalence of Toxocara spp eggs, measured in the peridomestic soil of the farms, is among the highest values reported in literature. re attention should be payed to the evaluation of zoonotic risk in rural areas. This would allow public health authorities to develop adequate preventive measures
Sentiero 10. Ricostruire meglio. Percorsi di ricerca e formazione per l'innovazione e lo sviluppo.
No full textI terremoti che hanno colpito l’Aquila nel 2009, poi l’Emilia nel 2012 e, nel 2016-17, hanno messo a nudo la fragilità di comunità e istituzioni dell’Appennino Marchigiano largamente impreparate a far fronte ad un rischio, peraltro prevedibile e previsto. Il tema della ‘preparazione’ (preparedness) rispetto ai disastri naturali è da decenni al centro dell’azione dell’UNISDR (United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction), l’agenzia delle Nazioni Unite che si dedica agli interventi per ridurre i rischi dei disastri naturali. Nel quadro di azione proposto a Sendai (Giappone) nel 2015 e noto come Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction, l’UNISDR ribadisce due fattori-chiave su cui fare leva: preparare individui, comunità e organizzazioni economiche e sociali a fronteggiare i disastri naturali ed i rischi ad essi associati mediante misure idonee a ridurne l’impatto a tutti i livelli (individuali, sociali, economici); intervenire dopo i disastri per ricostruire meglio, cogliendo la ricostruzione come occasione per mitigare le conseguenze di futuri disastri, attraverso il miglioramento delle condizioni di vita e di lavoro della popolazione, promuovendo democrazia e cittadinanza attiva nei territori colpiti. Tutto questo è sintetizzato nell’espressione Building Back Better, che significa appunto “ricostruire meglio”, un principio che non si applica solo agli edifici o alle infrastrutture materiali, ma anche e soprattutto agli individui e alle comunità, promuovendo in particolare gli attori locali attraverso una formazione mirata a ridurre la vulnerabilità materiale, sociale e psicologica
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