1,720,989 research outputs found
How do parents and offspring talk to each other? A pilot study on emotional dialogues in family relationships
No full textRisky behaviours in adolescence: a brief overview of unintentional injuries
No full textDifferent risk behaviours pertaining to adolescents, such as sports or motor vehicle accidents, impact on healthy development. Adolescent injuries have been studied in international literature, but very little work has presented a general framework, including the main psychological and relational factors associated with different types of accidents. The present study aims to offer a theoretical overview of adolescents’ individual and relational factors related to the phenomenon of unintentional injuries, focusing on psychological, personality functioning and different types of accidents. An extensive review of international literature on adolescent unintentional injuries was conducted in university libraries and in databases such as ProQuest, PsyArticles, PsyInfo, and PubMed. The papers’ scientific relevance was verified by Scopus indexing. In particular, different studies and research that have addressed adolescent injuries from several point of view were examined, in an attempt to identify relevant works that contribute to the unravelling of this complex issue. Literature search results highlight the relevance of multiple individual factors that may be associated with accidents in adolescence. Although adolescent injuries have been widely studied, the victims’ psychological profiles associated with different types of accidents remain scarcely addressed, because of the complex set of emotional, behavioural, social factors involved. Given the international relevance of the rising phenomenon of adolescent injuries, psychological and relational functioning and their correlates should be better investigated, for the significant impact of accidents on morbidity, particularly in this vulnerable yet important youthful segment of the population.</jats:p
Evaluating intersubjectivity: an overview of the use of Thermal Infrared Imaging in the assessment of emotional states
No full textIntersubjectivity represents one of the most challenging psychological issue. In this field, the assessment of interlocutors’ psychophysiological and emotional states has become more and more relevant, also thanks to the collection of physiological and psychophysiological information.
In the last decade, in the field of psychological research activities, innovative instrumental measures of psychophysiological and affective states have been developed, with relevant implication in the frontier of interpersonal relationships and communication.
Nowadays, among the most relevant measurements of psychophysiological responses, autonomic nervous activity and emotional states, Thermal infrared (IR) imaging has been acknowledged as a very useful non-invasive technology for evaluating emotional states in social interactions. This tool allows to take over various physiological information and could then be used to infer about affective and emotional states. In this line, it is particularly employed in the investigation of various psychological issues, such as the early interactions between mother and infants, empathy, and other emotional relational conditions (stress, fear, trauma, guilt....), offering relevant information also about relational risk and psychopathological conditions.
Thus, the international literature in applied psychophysiology based on the use of Thermal infrared (IR) imaging in social conditions highlights an increasing interest in this technique, especially for the contribution to advancing neuroscience and human–machine interaction studies.
The present study intends to give a theoretical overview of the investigation of affective and emotional states through the tool of the Thermal infrared (IR) imaging, specifically focusing on the principal achievements in the issue of caregiver-infant relationship, and also stressing potentialities and limits of psychophysiological researches.
The review of international literature was made through researches in university libraries on paper material, and telematics systems research. Particularly useful database were ProQuest, PsyArticles, PsyInfo, PubMed, together with the use of Scopus index to verify the papers’ scientific relevance.
As proved by the great number of international empirical studies assessing the emotional and affective states of the interlocutor, the Thermal infrared imaging (IR) represents a very innovative advancement in the knowledge of neurophysiological bases of emotions and of the link between psychophysiological responses and affective conditions.
The state of art of international research showed the relevance of the empirical studies which used the tool of Thermal infrared imaging in the understanding of empathy and social interactions. Indeed, many studies highlighted the capability of thermal IR imaging to catch emotional states in many everyday life scenarios.
Compared to classical technology for assessing autonomic activity, Thermal infrared imaging represents a non-invasively, ecologically, and contact free tool, bringing in itself positive implications for individual compliance and participations in research.
Investigating affective and psychophysiological states of individuals is crucial to address the social and relational issue in environmental conditions, also in term of potential risk and protective factors in relationships and setting any intervention plans.
The attribution of psychological valence to neurophysiological measurements such as Thermal infrared imaging (IR) nurtures the debate on "thermal imprint" of emotion, and poses new and constant considerations on healthy socio-emotional interactions.
Given the international relevance of the research field of intersubjectivity, such as mothers–child interactions, it should be recommended to further investigate the topic of psychophysiological assessment by an empirical way in Italian samples. This would end to better understanding the individual and relational emotional states, its clinical features and anticipate the intervention strategies.
As a last resort, the physiological research on the emotional arena will shed more and more light on computational evaluation and human artificial agent interaction
Prevalence of Mental Disorders in Adolescent Victims of Motor-Vehicle Collisions
No full textBackground: The scientific literature highlighted the relevance of psychopathological symptoms and psychiatric disordersamong the victims of accidents. The research that focused on non-fatal injuries has paid limited attention to mental disorders in adolescent victims of motor vehicle collisions (MVCs). However, adolescents' emotional-behavioural functioning and psychopathological risk can be related to their likability of being victims of road accidents. Objectives: This study aimed to synthesize data gathered in an Italian emergency department, specifically focusing on adolescents attending the service for the physical consequences of a motor vehicle collision. Methods: An ad hoc anamnestic self-report questionnaire was administered to 410 adolescents involved in MVCs. Results and Conclusions: This preliminary report shows that non-fatal injuries are very common among adolescents, being particularly related to poor mental health
Diagnosis of Lingual Atrophic Conditions: Associations with Local and Systemic Factors. A Descriptive Review
No full textAbstract: Atrophic glossitis is a condition characterised by absence of filiform or fungiform papillae on the dorsal surface of the
tongue. Consequently, the ordinary texture and appearance of the dorsal tongue, determined by papillary protrusion, turns into a soft
and smooth aspect.
Throughout the years, many factors, both local and systemic, have been associated with atrophic glossitis as the tongue is currently
considered to be a mirror of general health. Moreover, various tongue conditions were wrongly diagnosed as atrophic glossitis. Oral
involvement can conceal underlying systemic conditions and, in this perspective, the role of clinicians is fundamental.
Early recognition of oral signs and symptoms, through a careful examination of oral anatomical structures, plays a crucial role in
providing patients with a better prognosis
Application of the novel method in the diagnosis and treatment of median rhomboid glossitis Candida-associated
No full textThe aim of this work is to demonstrate how current molecular techniques should be integrated in the diagnostic process and
can have a crucial role in the management of oral fungal infections. A case of median rhomboid glossitis Candida‐associated
and its resolution will be described step by step. At the time of the first observation, the lesion on the surface of the tongue did
not respond to the previous administration of topical antifungal agent, such a nystatin. Firstly, in order to identify the causative
agent and confirm Candida albicans infection, a brushing of the lesion was performed and polymerase chain reaction analysis
was carried out. In addition, deoxyribonucleic acid sequencing method, known as Pyrosequencing®, was used in the detection
of point mutations commonly associated with fluconazole resistance and consequently, in the prediction of susceptibility to
azole agents. According to molecular findings, the administration of fluconazole has therefore led to resolution of the case
in 2 weeks. This case highlights how the use of molecular techniques, now‐a‐days, can assist the clinicians to quickly obtain
the report with highly accurate and precise results and appropriately support them in the diagnosis and therapeutic process
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