7,760 research outputs found
Combining biotechnologies and GIScience to contribute to sheep and goat genetic resource conservation
No full textGeographic Information Science methods and tools are likely to help to extract useful and so far unknown information from large spatially explicit genetic datasets to understand the distribution of diversity among and within sheep and goat breeds. Considering the vast quantity of data collected within the Econogene project, exploratory data analysis methods were chosen as mean of investigation.LASI
Molecular insight into goat diversity
No full textArchaeological and archaeozoological data indicate that goat (Capra hircus) has been the first domesticated livestock species. Molecular data place the most probable domestication site in Eastern Anatolia, although the pre-domestication management of C. aegagrus wild stocks possibly initiated in the Zagros Mountains, in Western Iran. Since then, goats have dispersed around the world accompanying human migrations, conquers and trades. Accordingly, microsatellite and AFLP markers reveal a strong geographic structure of goat nuclear DNA diversity and a decreasing gradient of goat diversity from the domestication site to Central Europe.
The whole genome sequencing of goat genome has fostered the development of a SNP panel and the use of genomic technologies in this species. A focused analysis of Italian breeds with the International goat 50K SNPchip indicates that goat diversity has a strong geographic component also at a smaller geographic scale. In addition the SNP panel permits a finer analysis of the structure of goat genome, revealing admixture, blocks of LD and present and historical Ne
The existing panel can be improved, however, by integrating additional whole genome sequences of goats from different geographic localities representing the areas of the domestication event(s) and potential agroclimatic adaptability. Part of this effort is being achieved by international projects (e.g. EU FP7 NextGen and 3SR projects), but the contribution of a larger number of samples (i.e. as in the 1000 cattle genomes initiative recently launched) is needed to reach a fair representation of the global diversity in goats
SHui open data research platform
No full textData collected and revised by individual instutions of the Shui-Consortium. Publication by the EU-China Consortium SHui.For each data-file, the author (institution) of the file is given as “operator”.-- At project end, June 30th, 2022.-- For each data-file, the author/data owner for citation is given as “operator” and “contact”.-- Plot data as .csv; catchment data ad libitum.Spatial situation data: Plot data and catchment data available; country, latitude, and longitude coordinates given.-- Temporal situation data: Long-term and single-season data available. Start and end date for each data file given.CC BY-SA. No embargo. The release on the Shui download site and CSIC repository implies expiration of any embargo delivered by the data owner.Project Co-ordinators: Dr. Jose Alfonso Gómez Calero (Instituto de Agricultura Sostenible (IAS-CISC), Dr. Weifeng Xu (Fujian Agriculture and Forest University, FAFU).This data set contains data from the SHui open-data platform for sharing long-term agricultural experiments aimed to optimizing yield and soil and water. Data and additional material are available under https://shui.boku.ac.at/shui/public/startAlphanumeric data measured at hydrologic and agronomical experiments (e.g., plant development, soil properties, hydrology, erosion, management).Further information on the data, project, partners, and publications under https://www.shui-eu.org/EU-China Consortium SHui: European Union Project 773903 and Chinese MOST.Peer reviewe
Allele frequencies and diversity parameters of 27 single nucleotide polymorphisms within and across goat breeds
No full textLASI
Characterization of 37 Breed-Specific Single-Nucleotide Polymorphisms in Sheep
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Identifying European marginal areas in the context of local sheep and goat breeds conservation: A geographic information system approach
No full textLocal sheep and goat breeds are generally argued to be remarkably well adapted to marginal rural areas. The latter are often said to be particularly or solely suitable for extensive husbandry mostly based on small ruminants. However, many local sheep and goat breeds are presently endangered. Both conserving these breeds and maintaining an active agricultural presence in marginal areas are presently two major priorities for agricultural and rural development policy in Europe. The objective of this paper is to analyse the spatial link between the geographic distribution of traditional, locally adapted sheep and goat breeds and the relative marginality of regions. The concept of marginal areas is discussed and defined and an index of relative marginality is computed in a Geographic Information System. The index combines land use, demographic and socio-economic data. The correlation between the marginality of a region measured by the index and the geographic distribution of sheep and goat breeds is analysed using a simple logit model. The broader interest of the index as a tool for agricultural and rural development policy applications is then discussed. (c) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved
Enrichment and characterization of a bacteria consortium capable of heterotrophic nitrification and aerobic denitrification at low temperature
No full textNitrogen removal in wastewater treatment plants is usually severely inhibited under cold temperature. The present study proposes bioaugmentation using psychrotolerant heterotrophic nitrification-aerobic denitrification consortium to enhance nitrogen removal at low temperature. A functional consortium has been successfully enriched by stepped increase in DO concentration. Using this consortium, the specific removal rates of ammonia and nitrate at 10 degrees C reached as high as 3.1 mg N/(g SS h) and 9.6 mg N/ (g SS h), respectively. PCR-DGGE and clone library analysis both indicated a significant reduction in bacterial diversity during enrichment. Phylogenetic analysis based on nearly full-length 16S rRNA genes showed that Alphaproteobacteria. Deltaproteobacteria and particularly Bacteroidetes declined while Gammaproteobacteria (all clustered into Pseudomonas sp.) and Betaproteobacteria (mainly Rhodoferax ferrireducens) became dominant in the enriched consortium. It is likely that Pseudomonas spp. played a major role in nitrification and denitrification, while R. ferrireducens and its relatives utilized nitrate as both electron acceptor and nitrogen source. Crown Copyright (C) 2012 Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.</p
Geographical contrasts of Y-chromosomal haplogroups from wild and domestic goats reveal ancient migrations and recent introgressions
No full textBy their paternal transmission, Y-chromosomal haplotypes are sensitive markers of population history and male-mediated introgression. Previous studies identified biallelic single-nucleotide variants in the SRY, ZFY and DDX3Y genes, which in domestic goats identified four major Y-chromosomal haplotypes, Y1A, Y1B, Y2A and Y2B, with a marked geographical partitioning. Here, we extracted goat Y-chromosomal variants from whole-genome sequences of 386 domestic goats (75 breeds) and seven wild goat species, which were generated by the VarGoats goat genome project. Phylogenetic analyses indicated domestic haplogroups corresponding to Y1B, Y2A and Y2B, respectively, whereas Y1A is split into Y1AA and Y1AB. All five haplogroups were detected in 26 ancient DNA samples from southeast Europe or Asia. Haplotypes from present-day bezoars are not shared with domestic goats and are attached to deep nodes of the trees and networks. Haplogroup distributions for 186 domestic breeds indicate ancient paternal population bottlenecks and expansions during migrations into northern Europe, eastern and southern Asia, and Africa south of the Sahara. In addition, sharing of haplogroups indicates male-mediated introgressions, most notably an early gene flow from Asian goats into Madagascar and the crossbreeding that in the 19th century resulted in the popular Boer and Anglo-Nubian breeds. More recent introgressions are those from European goats into the native Korean goat population and from Boer goat into Uganda, Kenya, Tanzania, Malawi and Zimbabwe. This study illustrates the power of the Y-chromosomal variants for reconstructing the history of domestic species with a wide geographical range
Arabic Treebank : Part 2 v 3.1
No full textArabic Treebank: Part 2 (ATB2) v 3.1 , Linguistic Data Consortium (LDC) catalog number LDC2011T09 and isbn 1-58563-590-1, was developed at LDC. It consists of 501 newswire stories from Ummah Press with part-of-speech (POS), morphology, gloss and syntactic treebank annotation in accordance with the Penn Arabic Treebank (PATB) Guidelines developed in 2008 and 2009
Characterization of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in sheep and their variation as an evidence of selection
No full textLASI
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