163,780 research outputs found

    Autograaf J.-B. Eble kirjal

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    Prantsuse keiserEble, Jean-Baptiste, 1758-1812, kindral Napoleoni armeesNapoleoni omakäeline lubav resolutsioon Magdeburgi kuberneri kindral J.-B. Eble kirjal, milles palutakse ohvitser Bertrand'le luba tagasipöördumiseks Prantsusmaale perekondlikel põhjuste

    [Report to Chief J. E. Curry, by an unknown author #1]

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    Report to Chief J. E. Curry, by an unknown author. The report contains a list of officers who gave depositions to the United States Attorney

    [Report to Chief J. E. Curry, by an unknown author #2]

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    Report to Chief J. E. Curry, by an unknown author. The report contains a list of officers who gave depositions to the United States Attorney

    Public Affairs Conference on Higher Education, Chicago, Illinois, November 18-21, 1965

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    Typed on back: Front row: Edward Levi, Martin Meyerson, Daniel Bell, Robert Goldwin, Stephen Wright, and Merrimon Cuninggim; Center row: Milburn P. Akers, Charles Percy, Kenneth Eble, Edward Magnuson, Allan Bloom, Dr. James Conant, and Algo Henderson; Back row: Robert Horwitz, Lyman Glenny, Max Ways, Gordon Ray, Wayne Booth, Thomas Simpson, Herbert Storing, and Charles Nelson

    The Role of Development in Evolutionary Radiations

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    this paper, it is worth mentioning that, for orders of mollusks, echinoderms, mammals, and insects (with cumulative number of genera being used as a proxy for cumulative number of tries for mollusks and echinoderms, and cumulative number of families as such a proxy for mammals and insects), the rugged fitness landscapes model also does not hold, at least as far as the assumption of a single landscape is concerned (Eble 1995a). Deformation of landscapes with environmental change is a relevant issue here. It has been said that the ad hoc invocation of landscape deformation through time would render Kauffman's arguments essentially untestable (Levinton 1995). However, Kauffman (1993) implicitly assumes that deformation, even in the face of pronounced environmental perturbation, would be minor and not affect the general structure of the landscape at the higher taxonomic levels considered here. That the generation of morphological innovations in long-jump adaptation would be achieved by early ontogeny mutants lends support to claims for a relative stability of landscapes at higher levels, since the developmentally constrained set of possible changes at deeper levels of the hierarchy would be quite Gunther J. Eble 35 independent of environmental changes. Here is the irony of the rugged fitness landscapes model: by relying on ahistorical principles to explain history, historical effects must a priori be assumed to be largely ineffective; if history could change the nature of those ahistorical principles, then there would be nothing left to test. Landscapes in the present context would change only if fundamentally different genetic and morphogenetic controls were repeatedly appearing through time. This may well be the case in view of the present results, suggesting that histo..

    Mixed Epithelial and Stromal Tumor of the Kidney: A Clinicopathologic Study of 53 Cases

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    Mixed epithelial and stromal tumor of the kidney is an uncommon complex neoplasm, and previous studies have included only a modest number of cases and have left gaps in our understanding of its morphology. We analyzed 53 tumors (46 F, median age: 49 y), collecting data on gross, histologic, and immunohistochemical features. The most common gross appearance was solid and cystic (47%). Hypocellular fibrous and cellular spindle cell stroma were the most common stromal types, followed by smooth muscle differentiation, edematous stroma, and adipose tissue. Hypocellular fibrous stroma and adipose tissue were more common in larger tumors (P=0.003 and 0.04, respectively) and cellular spindle cell stroma in smaller tumors (P=0.0009). Combinations of diverse stromal elements were common: roughly 50% of tumors contained >4 types of stroma. With regard to epithelium, tiny crowded and branching glands were present in 60% of tumors. Round glands lined by tall cuboidal epithelium, reminiscent of thyroid follicles, spatulate papillae reminiscent of phyllodes tumor, glands reminiscent of nephrogenic adenoma, and complex papillae were also frequently found. Combinations of diverse epithelial elements were common: 64% of tumors contained >4 types of epithelium. All of the tumors except 1 were positive for smooth muscle actin in the stroma. Desmin and caldesmon expression were more variable. Stains for progesterone and estrogen receptors showed positivity in the stromal component in 85% and 73% of tumors, respectively. CD10 and CD34 immunolabeling were restricted to pericystic spindle cells. No tumor expressed inhibin. In summary, this study demonstrates a strong tendency for mixed epithelial and stromal tumors to contain multiple types of stroma and epithelium and comprehensively analyzes the immunohistochemical profile

    Cystic Nephroma in Adults: A Clinicopathologic Study of 46 Cases

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    Cystic nephroma in adults is an uncommon multicystic benign tumor of kidney and, over the last century, only a few small series or case reports have studied it. We analyzed 46 tumors from adults (41 female, median age: 55 y), collecting data on gross, microscopic, and immunohistochemical findings. All of the tumors were composed entirely of cysts separated by septa; the majority were surrounded by a pseudocapsule. Hypocellular fibrous and hypercellular spindle cell stroma were the most common components of the septa. Hypocellular collagenized fibrous stroma predominated in older patients (P=0.027), whereas hypercellular stroma (including wavy spindle cell stroma) prevailed in younger patients (P=0.042). Small foci of stroma of moderate cellularity in which epithelial elements ranging from a handful of cells with no lumen, to tiny cysts with pinpoint lumens to slightly larger cysts were found in 18 tumors. The cysts were lined by flat, cuboidal, or hobnail cells. Rarely, foci of clear cells, delicate papillae, or focal nuclear atypia were observed in the cyst linings. The stroma of all the tumors was positive for smooth muscle actin. Desmin and caldesmon expression were variable. The stroma stained positive for progesterone and estrogen receptors in 85% and 50% of the tumors. Staining for inhibin was present in small clusters of polygonal or rarely spindle cells in the stroma in 41% of the tumors. A positive nuclear reaction for SF1 was detected in the same clusters of cells. On the basis of our findings, we hypothesize that cystic nephroma originates as a stromal proliferation with the epithelial component arising from a stromal-epithelial transition and that the stroma matures with decreasing cellularity over time, ultimately becoming hypocellular and collagenized
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