1,721,088 research outputs found
Título: Saggio dell' opera de' prencipe e Capitani illustri
No full textCopia digital : Google BooksMarca tip. en portSign.:[cruz latina]\p8\s, A-Q\p8\sSaggio dell' opera de' prencipi e capitani illustri, con port. propia, p. 21
Normative values and neuropsychological assessment. Common problems in clinical practice and research
No full textIn this paper some methodological problems related to the use of normative data in neuropsychological assessment are analysed. The difference between the concepts of normality and mastery, and the problems encountered with the adjustment of raw scores for age and education are considered. Other arguments discussed and exemplified with real data are the use of inner and outer nonparametric tolerance limits, confidence limits for individual scores, multivariate norms, and discriminant analysis
Aging and psychometric diagnosis of intellective impairment: Some considerations on test scores and their use
No full texthis article discusses some problems arising from the use in diagnostics of psychometric test scores previously adjusted for the influence of age and of other concomitant variables (e.g,, education). Some solutions adopted by an Italian Cooperative Study on the neuropsychological aspects of aging are reported, and the limits of the statistical processing of adjusted test scores are discussed
A method for studying the evolution of naming error types in the recovery of acute aphasia : A single-patient and single-stimulus approach
No full textIn this study, we present a method for analysing the evolution of picture naming errors in the follow-up of single patients affected by acute aphasia. In particular, we have based our analysis on the presence of response type inconsistency, as patients often fail to give the same type of response to the same stimulus at a task repetition attempted after a short time. Due to the uncertain definition of the type of response associated to a given stimulus for each stage of the clinical course, the investigation of the factors underlying the transition between different types of response is a serious methodological challenge. The solution presented here is based on a multiple presentation of the same naming battery at different stages of the clinical course, on the estimation of the probability associated with each response type at each stage, and on the estimation of the transition probability between different response types from one clinical stage to another. The basic idea was to use the set of probabilities referred to above as single stimuli weights in the study of linear models; these permit to compare different types of responses and different types of transitions. We present the application of this method to the study of a single case, a woman affected by fluent aphasia examined twice in the first 2 weeks following stroke. Besides discussing empirical findings, we comment on the usefulness of this method for wider fields of inquiry
Spared musical abilities in a conductor with global aphasia and ideomotor apraxia
No full textA conductor suddenly developed global aphasia and severe ideomotor apraxia as a result of an infarct in the territory of the left middle cerebral artery. Although aphasia and apraxia remained unchanged during the following six years, his musical capacities were largely spared and he was still able to conduct. This case provides some evidence in favour of right hemisphere dominance for music
Composite neuropsychological batteries and demographic correction: Standardization based on Equivalent scores, with a revuiew of published data
No full textEquivalent Scores (ES; Capitani and Laiacona, 1988) is a 5-point scale that offers a solution to the problem of standardizing neuropsychological scores after adjustment for age and education, given that the common z- standardization is not generally applicable in these cases. ES are discussed, and their properties and limits are compared with those of z-standardization. In a battery of ES-standardized tests, the average ES (AES) for the whole battery can provide a measure of the overall cognitive level, free of the influence of age and education. We report empirical data from a battery composed of 10 ES-standardized tests, in order to discuss general properties of ES standardization. The expected mean of the AES is constant, regardless of the number or type of tests included. The standard deviation of the AES, however, is variable: it decreases in proportion to the number of tests, but increases in proportion to their intercorrelation. We provide general indications concerning the normality threshold, which are applicable to all batteries of ES-standardized tests regardless of the number and type
A case of prevailing deficit of non-living categories or a case of prevailing sparing of living-categories?
No full textWe describe a new case of semantic deficit in which nonliving categories are disproportionately impaired. PL, a woman affected by progressive degeneration of the left temporal lobe, was examined twice, at a distance of 1 year. The deficit was first apparent on naming and on a verbal semantic questionnaire, but a year later nonliving categories were disproportionately affected also on verbal comprehension (word/picture matching task). Body parts and musical instruments were also investigated: the former was the best preserved category, whereas the latter was the most severely affected. Considering all categories, functional and perceptual information was not differently affected, but there was a trend toward a worse score for nonliving category functional questions. Discussing the current hypotheses on the genesis of category dissociations, we conclude that nonliving categories might not be a true domain, and that their impairment could simply derive from the relative sparing of the domains of the living categories, for which separate cognitive and anatomical representations can be better postulated. Finally, we discuss the problems raised by published cases in an attempt to find a consistent anatomical substrate for category dissociations
Two basic properties of space representation in the brain: evidence from unilateral neglect
No full textIt is argued, on the grounds of earlier findings, that the neural substrate of egocentric space representation has analogue (non-symbolic) topo-topical properties. It is then argued from fresh evidence that space representation appears to be anchored to the sagittal midplane of the trunk and to the line of sight. A tentative reduction of the suggested properties of space representation to the neuro-physiological level is briefly outlined
- …
