1,241 research outputs found
Illegality of maritime contracts breaching SOLAS/ISPS Code maritime security legislation
No full textThis article discusses basic principles of contract law in relation to the ever-expanding area of maritime security law. Specifically, it tries to answer the question whether breach of maritime security legislation contained in the International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea, 1974, as amended (SOLAS), or the International Ship and Port Facility Security Code (ISPS Code) could lead, in addition to criminal or administrative sanctions, to contracts for the operation of the vessel, such as contracts of carriage and towage, being denied enforceability in a court of law
IMO and the challenge of sustainability
No full textThis year’s self-declared priority for the International Maritime Organization (IMO) is “Sustainable development: IMO’s contribution beyond Rio+20”
Déchets solides: un cadre juridique très lacunaire
No full textThis article describes and comments on the legal and administrative framework of solid waste management in Lebanon. A discussion of potential responsibility of the State in international law is included
Desenvolvimento de um programa computacional para processamento de dados de força de mobilização do solo utilizando a função AREF
No full textInformation technology has become essential for a better management and competitiveness of organizations. Recently, the agricultural sector has excelled in the search for tools such as computer programs, geographic information systems, electronic data collecting systems, satellite navigation systems, among others. Along with these technologies, new models of temporal data analysis based on chaos theory came to support the nonlinear dynamic analysis of tillage operations such as chiseling and subsoiling. These operations demand high energy and consequently higher operating costs for farmers. Therefore, it is necessary a better evaluation and understanding of these operation dynamics. The objective of this work was to develop a computer program for processing soil mobilization force datum using temporal data analysis AREF (Autoregressive Error Distribution Function). For development of the computer program it was used the VBA (Visual Basic for Applications) language included into all Microsoft Office programs. Computer program enables charting, what permitted the identification of linear patterns in tillage forces as well as identify the parameters of AREF function α (y-axis intercept) and β (slope of the curve) which could subsequently be statistically analyzed. It was observed that the computer program has a simple interface for operation and can be used by agriculture professionals with basic computer knowledge.A tecnologia da informação tornou-se primordial para o melhor gerenciamento e competitividade das organizações. O setor agrícola, recentemente, tem se destacado na busca de ferramentas como programas computacionais, sistemas de informações geográficos, sistemas eletrônicos de coleta de dados, sistemas de navegação por satélites, entre outros. Aliados a essas tecnologias, novos modelos de análise de dados temporais baseados na teoria do caos surgem para dar suporte à análise da dinâmica não-linear de operações de mobilização do solo, tais como escarificação e subsolagem. Essas operações requerem elevada demanda energética e, consequentemente, altos custos operacionais para o produtor rural, com isso, faz-se necessário melhor avaliação e entendimento da dinâmica dessas operações. O objetivo do trabalho foi desenvolver um programa computacional capaz de processar os dados de forças de mobilização do solo utilizando a análise de dados temporais AREF (Autoregressive Error Distribution Function). Utilizou-se para o desenvolvimento do programa computacional a linguagem VBA (Visual Basic for Applications) incorporada em todos os programas do Microsoft Office. O programa computacional desenvolvido permitiu a criação de gráficos onde foi possível identificar padrões de linearidade nas forças de mobilização do solo bem como identificar os parâmetros da função AREF de α (intercepto do eixo y) e β (inclinação da curva) que posteriormente puderam ser analisados estatisticamente. O programa computacional apresentou uma interface de simples operacionalidade, podendo ser utilizado por profissionais do setor agrícola com conhecimento básico de informática
Frustration of contracts of affreightment in the event of capture of merchant ships by pirates in waters off Somalia
No full textThis thesis examines the application of the doctrine of frustration under the English private law of contracts to situations of capture of merchant ships for ransom by pirates operating according to the model which has developed in recent years off the coast of Somalia. The examination is centred on the question whether and how contracts of affreightment (or carriage of goods by sea) (including time and voyage charters as well as bills of lading) which may have been concluded by a captured ship would be terminated in the event of capture pursuant to the doctrine. The thesis analyses the wording of standard carriage contract forms and clauses, as well as the provisions of relevant international conventions and statutes, which could deal with the standing of contracts following a capture. The outcome of the research is that standard contract and clauses often leave the question of the fate of the contract in the event of capture untouched with the result that the doctrine of frustration may apply by default. The contract will only be terminated, however, if an elaborately long detention of the vessel is anticipated, or the prospects of recovery, either against payment of a ransom or through forceful repossession, are very weak. The thesis equally considers the application of the concept of self-induced frustration by taking several examples of actions or default by one of the parties to the contract of carriage which may have led to or exacerbated the capture scenario. The main findings are that it will usually be difficult to establish self-induced frustration in the event of capture. An analysis is also made of the application of the concepts of actual and constructive total loss under English marine insurance law to a ship that has been captured by pirates according to the same model of operation. The consequences of termination of the contract are not discussed in this thesis.<br/
Desenvolvimento de um programa computacional para processamento de dados de força de mobilização do solo utilizando a função AREF
No full textInformation technology has become essential for a better management and competitiveness of organizations. Recently, the agricultural sector has excelled in the search for tools such as computer programs, geographic information systems, electronic data collecting systems, satellite navigation systems, among others. Along with these technologies, new models of temporal data analysis based on chaos theory came to support the nonlinear dynamic analysis of tillage operations such as chiseling and subsoiling. These operations demand high energy and consequently higher operating costs for farmers. Therefore, it is necessary a better evaluation and understanding of these operation dynamics. The objective of this work was to develop a computer program for processing soil mobilization force datum using temporal data analysis AREF (Autoregressive Error Distribution Function). For development of the computer program it was used the VBA (Visual Basic for Applications) language included into all Microsoft Office programs. Computer program enables charting, what permitted the identification of linear patterns in tillage forces as well as identify the parameters of AREF function α (y-axis intercept) and β (slope of the curve) which could subsequently be statistically analyzed. It was observed that the computer program has a simple interface for operation and can be used by agriculture professionals with basic computer knowledge.A tecnologia da informação tornou-se primordial para o melhor gerenciamento e competitividade das organizações. O setor agrícola, recentemente, tem se destacado na busca de ferramentas como programas computacionais, sistemas de informações geográficos, sistemas eletrônicos de coleta de dados, sistemas de navegação por satélites, entre outros. Aliados a essas tecnologias, novos modelos de análise de dados temporais baseados na teoria do caos surgem para dar suporte à análise da dinâmica não-linear de operações de mobilização do solo, tais como escarificação e subsolagem. Essas operações requerem elevada demanda energética e, consequentemente, altos custos operacionais para o produtor rural, com isso, faz-se necessário melhor avaliação e entendimento da dinâmica dessas operações. O objetivo do trabalho foi desenvolver um programa computacional capaz de processar os dados de forças de mobilização do solo utilizando a análise de dados temporais AREF (Autoregressive Error Distribution Function). Utilizou-se para o desenvolvimento do programa computacional a linguagem VBA (Visual Basic for Applications) incorporada em todos os programas do Microsoft Office. O programa computacional desenvolvido permitiu a criação de gráficos onde foi possível identificar padrões de linearidade nas forças de mobilização do solo bem como identificar os parâmetros da função AREF de α (intercepto do eixo y) e β (inclinação da curva) que posteriormente puderam ser analisados estatisticamente. O programa computacional apresentou uma interface de simples operacionalidade, podendo ser utilizado por profissionais do setor agrícola com conhecimento básico de informática
Computer program development for data processing of force mobilization soil using the AREF function
No full textInformation technology has become essential for a better management and competitiveness of organizations. Recently, the agricultural sector has excelled in the search for tools such as computer programs, geographic information systems, electronic data collecting systems, satellite navigation systems, among others. Along with these technologies, new models of temporal data analysis based on chaos theory came to support the nonlinear dynamic analysis of tillage operations such as chiseling and subsoiling. These operations demand high energy and consequently higher operating costs for farmers. Therefore, it is necessary a better evaluation and understanding of these operation dynamics. The objective of this work was to develop a computer program for processing soil mobilization force datum using temporal data analysis AREF (Autoregressive Error Distribution Function). For development of the computer program it was used the VBA (Visual Basic for Applications) language included into all Microsoft Office programs. Computer program enables charting, what permitted the identification of linear patterns in tillage forces as well as identify the parameters of AREF function α (y-axis intercept) and β (slope of the curve) which could subsequently be statistically analyzed. It was observed that the computer program has a simple interface for operation and can be used by agriculture professionals with basic computer knowledge.A tecnologia da informação tornou-se primordial para o melhor gerenciamento e competitividade das organizações. O setor agrícola, recentemente, tem se destacado na busca de ferramentas como programas computacionais, sistemas de informações geográficos, sistemas eletrônicos de coleta de dados, sistemas de navegação por satélites, entre outros. Aliados a essas tecnologias, novos modelos de análise de dados temporais baseados na teoria do caos surgem para dar suporte à análise da dinâmica não-linear de operações de mobilização do solo, tais como escarificação e subsolagem. Essas operações requerem elevada demanda energética e, consequentemente, altos custos operacionais para o produtor rural, com isso, faz-se necessário melhor avaliação e entendimento da dinâmica dessas operações. O objetivo do trabalho foi desenvolver um programa computacional capaz de processar os dados de forças de mobilização do solo utilizando a análise de dados temporais AREF (Autoregressive Error Distribution Function). Utilizou-se para o desenvolvimento do programa computacional a linguagem VBA (Visual Basic for Applications) incorporada em todos os programas do Microsoft Office. O programa computacional desenvolvido permitiu a criação de gráficos onde foi possível identificar padrões de linearidade nas forças de mobilização do solo bem como identificar os parâmetros da função AREF de α (intercepto do eixo y) e β (inclinação da curva) que posteriormente puderam ser analisados estatisticamente. O programa computacional apresentou uma interface de simples operacionalidade, podendo ser utilizado por profissionais do setor agrícola com conhecimento básico de informática.Faculdade de Tecnologia de Botucatu. Av. José Ítalo Bacchi, s/n – Jd. Aeroporto – Botucatu/SP, 18606-851Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho, Departamento de Economia Sociologia e Tecnologia, Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas de Botucatu, Botucatu, Rua José Barbosa de Barros, 1780, Lageado, CEP 18610307, SP, BrasilTokyo University of Agriculture and Technology TUAT, Department of Environmental and Agricultural Engineering, 3-8-1 Harumi-cho, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo 183-8538Faculdades Integradas de Bauru. Rua José Santiago, Q.15, Jardim Ferraz, Bauru/SP, 17.056-100Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho, Departamento de Economia Sociologia e Tecnologia, Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas de Botucatu, Botucatu, Rua José Barbosa de Barros, 1780, Lageado, CEP 18610307, SP, Brasi
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